Suppression of Arabidopsis GGLT 1 affects growth by reducing the L‐galactose content and borate cross‐linking of rhamnogalacturonan‐ II

Sechet, Julien; Htwe, Soe; Urbanowicz, Breeanna; Agyeman, Abigail; Feng, Wei; Ishikawa, Toshiki; Colomes, Marianne; Kumar, Kavitha Satish; Kawai‐Yamada, Maki; Dinneny, José R.; O'Neill, Malcolm A.; Mortimer, Jenny C.

doi:10.1111/tpj.14088

Title: Suppression of Arabidopsis GGLT 1 affects growth by reducing the L‐galactose content and borate cross‐linking of rhamnogalacturonan‐ II

Journal Article · Sat Oct 20 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · The Plant Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.14088· OSTI ID:1478429

Sechet, Julien ^[1]; Htwe, Soe ^[1]; Urbanowicz, Breeanna ^[2]; Agyeman, Abigail ^[2]; Feng, Wei ^[3]; Ishikawa, Toshiki ^[4]; Colomes, Marianne ^[1]; Kumar, Kavitha Satish ^[1]; Kawai‐Yamada, Maki ^[4]; Dinneny, José R. ^[5]; O'Neill, Malcolm A. ^[2];

^[1]

Joint BioEnergy Institute Emeryville CA 94608 USA, Biosciences Area Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
Complex Carbohydrate Research Center The University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
Department of Plant Biology Carnegie Institute for Science Stanford CA 94305 USA
Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama 338‐8570 Japan
Department of Plant Biology Carnegie Institute for Science Stanford CA 94305 USA, Department of Biology Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

Summary Boron is a micronutrient that is required for the normal growth and development of vascular plants, but its precise functions remain a subject of debate. One established role for boron is in the cell wall where it forms a diester cross‐link between two monomers of the low‐abundance pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan‐ II ( RG ‐ II ). The inability of RG ‐ II to properly assemble into a dimer results in the formation of cell walls with abnormal biochemical and biomechanical properties and has a severe impact on plant productivity. Here we describe the effects on RG ‐ II structure and cross‐linking and on the growth of plants in which the expression of a GDP ‐sugar transporter ( GONST 3/ GGLT 1) has been reduced. In the GGLT 1 ‐silenced plants the amount of L‐galactose in side‐chain A of RG ‐ II is reduced by up to 50%. This leads to a reduction in the extent of RG ‐ II cross‐linking in the cell walls as well as a reduction in the stability of the dimer in the presence of calcium chelators. The silenced plants have a dwarf phenotype, which is rescued by growth in the presence of increased amounts of boric acid. Similar to the mur1 mutant, which also disrupts RG ‐ II cross‐linking, GGLT 1 ‐silenced plants display a loss of cell wall integrity under salt stress. We conclude that GGLT 1 is probably the primary Golgi GDP ‐L‐galactose transporter, and provides GDP ‐L‐galactose for RG ‐ II biosynthesis. We propose that the L‐galactose residue is critical for RG ‐ II dimerization and for the stability of the borate cross‐link.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: DE‐FG02‐96ER20220; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1478429

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1478430; OSTI ID: 1506359

Journal Information:: The Plant Journal, Journal Name: The Plant Journal Vol. 96 Journal Issue: 5; ISSN 0960-7412

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Cited by: 24 works

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
boron
golgi
nucleotide‐sugar transporter
pectin
rhamnogalacturonan II

Title: Suppression of Arabidopsis GGLT 1 affects growth by reducing the L‐galactose content and borate cross‐linking of rhamnogalacturonan‐ II

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