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Title: A New Milky Way Halo Star Cluster in the Southern Galactic Sky

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8]
  1. Instituto de Fisica, Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil); Lab. Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)
  2. Lab. Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Observatorio Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)
  3. Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
  4. Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
  5. Lab. Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)
  6. Univ. of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, NH (United States)
  7. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
  8. Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Here, we report on the discovery of a new Milky Way (MW) companion stellar system located at $$(\alpha _{J2000},\delta _{J2000}) = (22^{{\rm h}}10^{{\rm m}}43\buildrel{\mathrm{s}}\over{.}15, 14^\circ 56{^\prime }58{\buildrel{\prime\prime}\over{.}} 8)$$. The discovery was made using the eighth data release of SDSS after applying an automated method to search for overdensities in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey footprint. Follow-up observations were performed using Canada-France-Hawaii-Telescope/MegaCam, which reveal that this system is comprised of an old stellar population, located at a distance of $$31.9^{+1.0}_{-1.6}$$ kpc, with a half-light radius of $$r_h= 7.24^{+1.94}_{-1.29}$$ pc and a concentration parameter of c = log10(rt /rc ) = 1.55. A systematic isochrone fit to its color-magnitude diagram resulted in $$\log\; ({\rm age\,yr^{-1}}) = 10.07^{+0.05}_{-0.03}$$ and $$[{\rm Fe/H}] = -1.58^{+0.08}_{-0.13}$$. These quantities are typical of globular clusters in the MW halo. The newly found object is of low stellar mass, whose observed excess relative to the background is caused by 95 ± 6 stars. The direct integration of its background decontaminated luminosity function leads to an absolute magnitude of MV = –1.21 ± 0.66. The resulting surface brightness is μ V = 25.90 mag arcsec–2. Its position in the MV versus rh diagram lies close to AM4 and Koposov 1, which are identified as star clusters. The object is most likely a very faint star cluster—one of the faintest and lowest mass systems yet identified.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515
OSTI ID:
1477442
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 767, Issue 2; ISSN 0004-637X
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 41 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (26)

Purveyors of fine halos: Re-assessing globular cluster contributions to the Milky Way halo buildup with SDSS-IV journal May 2019
Is the gamma-ray source 3FGL J2212.5+0703 a dark matter subhalo? journal May 2016
The contribution of dissolving star clusters to the population of ultra faint objects in the outer halo of the Milky Way journal December 2016
The feeble giant. Discovery of a large and diffuse Milky Way dwarf galaxy in the constellation of Crater journal April 2016
Discovery of two neighbouring satellites in the Carina constellation with MagLiteS journal January 2018
Pristine dwarf galaxy survey – I. A detailed photometric and spectroscopic study of the very metal-poor Draco II satellite journal July 2018
The most metal-poor Galactic globular cluster: the first spectroscopic observations of ESO280-SC06 journal April 2018
Nine tiny star clusters in Gaia DR1, PS1, and DES journal January 2019
The hidden giant: discovery of an enormous Galactic dwarf satellite in Gaia DR2 journal June 2019
Detailed study of the Milky Way globular cluster Laevens 3 journal September 2019
The Pristine Dwarf-Galaxy survey – II. In-depth observational study of the faint Milky Way satellite Sagittarius II journal October 2019
On the Nature of Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy Candidates. I. DES1, Eridanus III, and Tucana V journal January 2018
On the Nature of Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy Candidates. II. The Case of Cetus II journal April 2018
A Deeper Look at the New Milky Way Satellites: Sagittarius II, Reticulum II, Phoenix II, and Tucana III journal August 2018
A Faint Halo Star Cluster Discovered in the Blanco Imaging of the Southern Sky Survey journal April 2019
Discovery of Two New Globular Clusters in the Milky Way journal August 2018
The feeble giant: Discovery of a large and diffuse Milky Way dwarf galaxy in the constellation of Crater text January 2016
The hidden giant: Discovery of an enormous Galactic dwarf satellite in Gaia DR2 text January 2019
Is The Gamma-Ray Source 3FGL J2212.5+0703 A Dark Matter Subhalo? text January 2016
The contribution of dissolving star clusters to the population of ultra-faint objects in the outer halo of the Milky Way text January 2016
On the nature of ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidates I: DES1, Eridanus III and Tucana V text January 2017
Discovery of two neighboring satellites in the Carina constellation with MagLiteS text January 2018
The most metal-poor Galactic globular cluster: the first spectroscopic observations of ESO280-SC06 text January 2018
The Pristine Dwarf-Galaxy survey - II. In-depth observational study of the faint Milky Way satellite Sagittarius II text January 2019
Purveyors of fine halos: Re-assessing globular cluster contributions to the Milky Way halo build-up with SDSS-IV text January 2019
Detailed study of the Milky Way globular cluster Laevens 3 text January 2019

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