Considerable contribution of the Montreal Protocol to declining greenhouse gas emissions from the United States
- Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab., Global Monitoring Division
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab., Global Monitoring Division
- Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Inst. of Arctic and Alpine Research
- US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),Washington, DC (United States). Stratospheric Protection Division, Office of Atmospheric Programs, Office of Air and Radiation
- Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Lexington, MA (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Environmental Technologies Area
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Area
- Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES); Univ. of Groningen (Netherlands). Centre for Isotope Research
Ozone depleting substances (ODSs) controlled by the Montreal Protocol are potent greenhouse gases (GHGs), as are their substitutes, the hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Here we provide for the first time a comprehensive estimate of U.S. emissions of ODSs and HFCs based on precise measurements in discrete air samples from across North America and in the remote atmosphere. Derived emissions show spatial and seasonal variations qualitatively consistent with known uses and largely confirm U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) national emissions inventories for most gases. The measurement-based results further indicate a substantial decline of ODS emissions from 2008 to 2014, equivalent to ~50% of the CO2-equivalent decline in combined emissions of CO2 and all other long-lived GHGs inventoried by the EPA for the same period. Total estimated CO2-equivalent emissions of HFCs were comparable to the sum of ODS emissions in 2014, but can be expected to decline in the future in response to recent policy measures.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- OSTI ID:
- 1476525
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1374927
- Journal Information:
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 44, Issue 15; ISSN 0094-8276
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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