Work Function Modification via Combined Charge-Based Through-Space Interaction and Surface Interaction
[1];
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA; Process Innovation Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
- Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan 31056 Republic of Korea
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA; Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA; Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver W. Pkwy Golden CO 80401 USA
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA; Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA; Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
Work function modification of electrodes is an important factor to achieve high performance in organic electronics. However, a clear explanation of the origin of work function modification has remained elusive. Here, it is investigated how the work function of electrodes is affected by the charge-based through-space interaction with the well-known surface interaction. The studies reveal that the formation of a surface dipole leads to a work function shift, even when the work function modifying layer and substrate are separated. A work function shift is also demonstrated by electrophoretic deposition of ionic polyelectrolytes while the same polyelectrolytes do not cause any work function shift when they are spin cast. More noteworthy is that a neutral (nonionic) polymer which has no specific surface-interacting functional groups can induce work function shift of its substrate by a charge-based through-space interaction when deposited by electrospraying. These results provide a more comprehensive understanding of work function modification and motivate the design and selection of a wide range of effective work function modifying layers for organic electronics.
- Research Organization:
- Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Solar and Thermal Energy Conversion (CSTEC); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- OSTI ID:
- 1468329
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5A00-72288
- Journal Information:
- Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 5, Issue 15; ISSN 2196-7350
- Publisher:
- Wiley-VCH
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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