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Title: Photoacoustic trace detection of gases at the parts-per-quadrillion level with a moving optical grating

Journal Article · · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [1]
  1. Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912,
  2. State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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The amplitude of the photoacoustic effect for an optical source moving at the sound speed in a one-dimensional geometry increases linearly in time without bound in the linear acoustic regime. In this paper, use of this principle is described for trace detection of gases, using two frequency-shifted beams from a CO2 laser directed at an angle to each other to give optical fringes that move at the sound speed in a cavity with a longitudinal resonance. The photoacoustic signal is detected with a high- Q , piezoelectric crystal with a resonance on the order of 443 kHz. The photoacoustic cell has a design analogous to a hemispherical laser resonator and can be adjusted to have a longitudinal resonance to match that of the detector crystal. Finally, the grating frequency, the length of the resonator, and the crystal must all have matched frequencies; thus, three resonances are used to advantage to produce sensitivity that extends to the parts-per-quadrillion level.

Research Organization:
Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States); Shandong Univ., Jinan (China)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Shandong Univ. (China)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0001082
OSTI ID:
1366578
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1465968
Journal Information:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Vol. 114 Journal Issue: 28; ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher:
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 34 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (13)

Part-per-trillion level SF_6 detection using a quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy-based sensor with single-mode fiber-coupled quantum cascade laser excitation journal January 2012
The Effects of Initial Conditions on Photoacoustic Waveforms Generated by a Gaussian Heating Source Moving in One Dimension journal March 2016
Investigation of the crystal growth, thickness and radial modes of α-BiB 3 O 6 piezoelectric crystals journal January 2017
Optical gas sensing: a review journal November 2012
Photoacoustic signal in a cylindrical resonator: Theory and laser experiments for CH 4 and C 2 H 6 journal March 1986
High precision acoustic spectroscopy by laser excitation of resonator modes journal August 1985
Laser‐excited broadside array journal July 1973
High-performance, high-temperature piezoelectric BiB 3 O 6 crystals journal January 2015
Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy journal January 2002
Photoacoustic Techniques for Trace Gas Sensing Based on Semiconductor Laser Sources journal December 2009
Piezoelectric and elastic properties of the nonlinear optical material bismuth triborate, BiB3O6 journal November 2005
Determination of Elastic and Piezoelectric Constants for Crystals in Class (3 m ) journal December 1967
Single-tube on-beam quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy journal January 2016

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Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
photoacoustics
trace detection
moving grating
piezocrystal
resonator