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Title: X-ray Emission Spectroscopy as an in Situ Diagnostic Tool for X-ray Crystallography of Metalloproteins Using an X-ray Free-Electron Laser

Journal Article · · Biochemistry
 [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [1];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2]
  1. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE)
  2. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  3. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) using the ultrashort X-ray pulses from a X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) provides a new way of collecting structural data at room temperature that allows for following the reaction in real time after initiation. XFEL experiments are conducted in a shot-by-shot mode as the sample is destroyed and replenished after each X-ray pulse, and therefore, monitoring and controlling the data quality by using in situ diagnostic tools is critical. To study metalloenzymes, we developed the use of simultaneous collection of X-ray diffraction of crystals along with X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) data that is used as a diagnostic tool for crystallography, by monitoring the chemical state of the metal catalytic center. We have optimized data analysis methods and sample delivery techniques for fast and active feedback to ensure the quality of each batch of samples and the turnover of the catalytic reaction caused by reaction triggering methods. Here, we describe this active in situ feedback system using Photosystem II as an example that catalyzes the oxidation of H2O to O2at the Mn4CaO5active site. We used the first moments of the Mn Kβ1,3emission spectra, which are sensitive to the oxidation state of Mn, as the primary diagnostics. This approach is applicable to different metalloproteins to determine the integrity of samples and follow changes in the chemical states of the reaction that can be initiated by light or activated by substrates and offers a metric for determining the diffraction images that are used for the final data sets.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Earth and Environmental Systems Science Division
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1465465
Journal Information:
Biochemistry, Vol. 57, Issue 31; ISSN 0006-2960
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 33 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (4)

A high-throughput energy-dispersive tender X-ray spectrometer for shot-to-shot sulfur measurements journal April 2019
Structural isomers of the S 2 state in photosystem II: do they exist at room temperature and are they important for function? journal March 2019
Structures of the intermediates of Kok’s photosynthetic water oxidation clock journal November 2018
The Macromolecular Femtosecond Crystallography Instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source journal February 2019

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