Stable Metal Anode enabled by Porous Lithium Foam with Superior Ion Accessibility

Hafez, Ahmed M.; Jiao, Yucong; Shi, Jianjian; Ma, Yi; Cao, Daxian; Liu, Yuanyue; Zhu, Hongli

doi:10.1002/adma.201802156

Title: Stable Metal Anode enabled by Porous Lithium Foam with Superior Ion Accessibility

Journal Article · Thu Jun 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Advanced Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201802156· OSTI ID:1454325

Hafez, Ahmed M. ^[1]; Jiao, Yucong ^[1]; Shi, Jianjian ^[2]; Ma, Yi ^[1]; Cao, Daxian ^[1]; Liu, Yuanyue ^[2];

^[1]

Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA 02115 USA
Texas Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX 78712‐159 USA

Abstract Lithium (Li) metal anodes have attracted much interest recently for high‐energy battery applications. However, low coulombic efficiency, infinite volume change, and severe dendrite formation limit their reliable implementation over a wide range. Here, an outstanding stability for a Li metal anode is revealed by designing a highly porous and hollow Li foam. This unique structure is capable of tackling many Li metal problems simultaneously: first, it assures uniform electrolyte distribution over the inner and outer electrode's surface; second, it reduces the local current density by providing a larger electroactive surface area; third, it can accommodate volume expansion and dissipate heat efficiently. Moreover, the structure shows superior stability compared to fully Li covered foam with low porosity, and bulky Li foil electrode counterparts. This Li foam exhibits small overpotential (≈25 mV at 4 mA cm ⁻² ) and high cycling stability for 160 cycles at 4 mA cm ⁻² . Furthermore, when assembled, the porous Li metal as the anode with LiFePO ₄ as the cathode for a full cell, the battery has a high‐rate performance of 138 mAh g ⁻¹ at 0.2 C. The beneficial structure of the Li hollow foam is further studied through density functional theory simulations, which confirms that the porous structure has better charge mobility and more uniform Li deposition.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1454325

Journal Information:: Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Vol. 30 Journal Issue: 30; ISSN 0935-9648

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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Cited by: 99 works

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