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Title: Complete genome sequence and the expression pattern of plasmids of the model ethanologen Zymomonas mobilis ZM4 and its xylose-utilizing derivatives 8b and 2032

Journal Article · · Biotechnology for Biofuels
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [2];  [4];  [2];  [5];  [3];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [2];  [3];  [2]
  1. Hubei Univ., Wuhan (China). College of Life Sciences, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Environmental Microbial Technology Center and Hubei Key Lab. of Industrial Biotechnology; National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States). Biosciences Center
  2. Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI (United States). Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC)
  3. Univ. of Athens (NKUA), Athens (Greece). Faculty of Biology and Dept. of Genetics and Biotechnology
  4. Hubei Univ., Wuhan (China). College of Life Sciences, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Environmental Microbial Technology Center and Hubei Key Lab. of Industrial Biotechnology
  5. Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI (United States). Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC); China Three Gorges Univ., Yichang (China)
  6. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). BioEnergy Science Center (BSC) and Biosciences Division; LanzaTech, Inc., Skokie, IL (United States)
  7. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States). Biosciences Center
  8. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States). National Bioenergy Center

Background: Zymomonas mobilis is a natural ethanologen being developed and deployed as an industrial biofuel producer. To date, eight Z. mobilis strains have been completely sequenced and found to contain 2–8 native plasmids. However, systematic verification of predicted Z. mobilis plasmid genes and their contribution to cell fitness has not been hitherto addressed. Moreover, the precise number and identities of plasmids in Z. mobilis model strain ZM4 have been unclear. The lack of functional information about plasmid genes in ZM4 impedes ongoing studies for this model biofuel-producing strain. Results: In this study, we determined the complete chromosome and plasmid sequences of ZM4 and its engineered xylose-utilizing derivatives 2032 and 8b. Compared to previously published and revised ZM4 chromosome sequences, the ZM4 chromosome sequence reported here contains 65 nucleotide sequence variations as well as a 2400-bp insertion. Four plasmids were identified in all three strains, with 150 plasmid genes predicted in strain ZM4 and 2032, and 153 plasmid genes predicted in strain 8b due to the insertion of heterologous DNA for expanded substrate utilization. Plasmid genes were then annotated using Blast2GO, InterProScan, and systems biology data analyses, and most genes were found to have apparent orthologs in other organisms or identifiable conserved domains. To verify plasmid gene prediction, RNA-Seq was used to map transcripts and also compare relative gene expression under various growth conditions, including anaerobic and aerobic conditions, or growth in different concentrations of biomass hydrolysates. Overall, plasmid genes were more responsive to varying hydrolysate concentrations than to oxygen availability. Additionally, our results indicated that although all plasmids were present in low copy number (about 1–2 per cell), the copy number of some plasmids varied under specific growth conditions or due to heterologous gene insertion. Conclusions: The complete genome of ZM4 and two xylose-utilizing derivatives is reported in this study, with an emphasis on identifying and characterizing plasmid genes. Plasmid gene annotation, validation, expression levels at growth conditions of interest, and contribution to host fitness are reported for the first time.

Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division; European Union (EU); Siemens Foundation-State Scholarships Foundation (IKY) award
Contributing Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC36-08GO28308; SC0018409; FC02-07ER64494; AC05-00OR22725; AC02-05CH11231; 11SYN-7-1579
OSTI ID:
1439547
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1459644; OSTI ID: 1476399
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-2700-71655
Journal Information:
Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 11, Issue 1; ISSN 1754-6834
Publisher:
BioMed CentralCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 36 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (6)

Identification and characterization of ethanol‐inducible promoters of Zymomonas mobilis based on omics data and dual reporter–gene system journal December 2019
Characterization and repurposing of the endogenous Type I-F CRISPR–Cas system of Zymomonas mobilis for genome engineering journal October 2019
Establishment and application of a CRISPR–Cas12a assisted genome-editing system in Zymomonas mobilis journal October 2019
Prediction and characterization of promoters and ribosomal binding sites of Zymomonas mobilis in system biology era journal March 2019
Metabolic engineering of Zymomonas mobilis for anaerobic isobutanol production journal January 2020
Multiomic Fermentation Using Chemically Defined Synthetic Hydrolyzates Revealed Multiple Effects of Lignocellulose-Derived Inhibitors on Cell Physiology and Xylose Utilization in Zymomonas mobilis journal November 2019