Strong texturing of lithium metal in batteries

Shi, Feifei; Pei, Allen; Vailionis, Arturas; Xie, Jin; Liu, Bofei; Zhao, Jie; Gong, Yongji; Cui, Yi

doi:10.1073/pnas.1708224114

Title: Strong texturing of lithium metal in batteries

Journal Article · Mon Oct 30 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708224114· OSTI ID:1439108

Shi, Feifei ^[1];

^[1]; Vailionis, Arturas ^[1];

^[1]; Liu, Bofei ^[1]; Zhao, Jie ^[1]; Gong, Yongji ^[1]; Cui, Yi ^[2]

Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Lithium, with its high theoretical specific capacity and lowest electrochemical potential, has been recognized as the ultimate negative electrode material for next-generation lithium-based high-energy-density batteries. However, a key challenge that has yet to be overcome is the inferior reversibility of Li plating and stripping, typically thought to be related to the uncontrollable morphology evolution of the Li anode during cycling. Here we show that Li-metal texturing (preferential crystallographic orientation) occurs during electrochemical deposition, which governs the morphological change of the Li anode. X-ray diffraction pole-figure analysis demonstrates that the texture of Li deposits is primarily dependent on the type of additive or cross-over molecule from the cathode side. With adsorbed additives, like LiNO₃ and polysulfide, the lithium deposits are strongly textured, with Li (110) planes parallel to the substrate, and thus exhibit uniform, rounded morphology. A growth diagram of lithium deposits is given to connect various texture and morphology scenarios for different battery electrolytes. In conclusion, this understanding of lithium electrocrystallization from the crystallographic point of view provides significant insight for future lithium anode materials design in high-energy-density batteries.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1439108

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 114, Issue 46; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 144 works

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25 ENERGY STORAGE
lithium metal
texture
battery
electrocrystallization
morphology