Ecohydrologic processes and soil thickness feedbacks control limestone-weathering rates in a karst landscape

Dong, Xiaoli; Cohen, Matthew; Martin, Jonathan; Mclaughlin, Daniel; Murray, A. Brad; Ward, Nicholas D.; Flint, Madison; Heffernan, James

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.05.021

Title: Ecohydrologic processes and soil thickness feedbacks control limestone-weathering rates in a karst landscape

Journal Article · Fri May 18 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Chemical Geology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.05.021· OSTI ID:1605910

Dong, Xiaoli ^[1]; Cohen, Matthew ^[2]; Martin, Jonathan ^[2]; Mclaughlin, Daniel ^[3]; Murray, A. Brad ^[1];

^[4]; Flint, Madison ^[2]; Heffernan, James ^[1]

Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)
Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Sequim, WA (United States)

Here, chemical weathering of bedrock plays an essential role in the formation and evolution of Earth's critical zone. Over geologic time, the negative feedback between temperature and chemical weathering rates contributes to the regulation of Earth climate. The challenge of understanding weathering rates and the resulting evolution of critical zone structures lies in complicated interactions and feedbacks among environmental variables, local ecohydrologic processes, and soil thickness, the relative importance of which remains unresolved. We investigate these interactions using a reactive-transport kinetics model, focusing on a low-relief, wetland-dominated karst landscape (Big Cypress National Preserve, South Florida, USA) as a case study. Across a broad range of environmental variables, model simulations highlight primary controls of climate and soil biological respiration, where soil thickness both supplies and limits transport of biologically derived acidity. Consequently, the weathering rate maximum occurs at intermediate soil thickness. The value of the maximum weathering rate and the precise soil thickness at which it occurs depend on several environmental variables, including precipitation regime, soil inundation, vegetation characteristics, and rate of groundwater drainage. Simulations for environmental conditions specific to Big Cypress suggest that wetland depressions in this landscape began to form around beginning of the Holocene with gradual dissolution of limestone bedrock and attendant soil development, highlighting large influence of age-varying soil thickness on weathering rates and consequent landscape development. While climatic variables are often considered most important for chemical weathering, our results indicate that soil thickness and biotic activity are equally important. Weathering rates reflect complex interactions among soil thickness, climate, and local hydrologic and biotic processes, which jointly shape the supply and delivery of chemical reactants, and the resulting trajectories of critical zone and karst landscape development.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: DEB#1354783; AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1605910

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1439093

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-132178

Journal Information:: Chemical Geology, Vol. 527, Issue 2019; ISSN 0009-2541

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 19 works

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