Mechano-Electrochemical Interaction Gives Rise to Strain Relaxation in Sn Electrodes

Barai, Pallab; Huang, Bo; Dillon, Shen J.; Mukherjee, Partha P.

doi:10.1149/2.0801614jes

Title: Mechano-Electrochemical Interaction Gives Rise to Strain Relaxation in Sn Electrodes

Journal Article · Thu Nov 10 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0801614jes· OSTI ID:1436481

Barai, Pallab ^[1]; Huang, Bo ^[1]; Dillon, Shen J. ^[1]; Mukherjee, Partha P. ^[1]

Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Tin (Sn) anode active particles were electrochemically lithiated during simultaneous imaging in a scanning electron microscope. Relationships among the reaction mechanism, active particle local strain rate, particle size, and microcrack formation are elucidated to demonstrate the importance of strain relaxation due to mechano-electrochemical interaction in Sn-based electrodes under electrochemical cycling. At low rates of operation, due to significant creep relaxation, large Sn active particles, of size 1 μm, exhibit no significant surface crack formation. Microcrack formation within Sn active particles occurs due to two different mechanisms: (i)large concentration gradient induced stress at the two-phase interface, and (ii) high volume expansion induced stress at the surface of the active particles. From the present study, it can be concluded that majority of the microcracks evolve at or near the particle surface due to high volume expansion induced tension. Concentration gradient induced damage prevails near the center of the active particle, though significantly smaller in magnitude. Comparison with experimental results indicates that at operating conditions of C/2, even 500 nm sized Sn active particles remain free from surface crack formation, which emphasizes the importance of creep relaxation. A phase map has been developed to demonstrate the preferred mechano-electrochemical window of operation of Sn-based electrodes.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0006509

OSTI ID:: 1436481

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1436479

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 14; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 33 works

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