Improved Constraints on H0 from a Combined Analysis of Gravitational-wave and Electromagnetic Emission from GW170817

Guidorzi, C.; Margutti, R.; Brout, D.; Scolnic, D.; Fong, W.; Alexander, K. D.; Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Annis, J.; Berger, E.; Blanchard, P. K.; Chornock, R.; Coppejans, D. L.; Eftekhari, T.; Frieman, J. A.; Huterer, D.; Nicholl, M.; Soares-Santos, M.; Terreran, G.; Villar, V. A.; Williams, P. K.  G.

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaa009

Title: Improved Constraints on H₀ from a Combined Analysis of Gravitational-wave and Electromagnetic Emission from GW170817

Journal Article · Mon Dec 18 00:00:00 EST 2017 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaa009· OSTI ID:1434943

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Univ. of Ferrara (Italy). Dept. of Physics and Earth Science
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States). Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Enrico Fermi Inst., Dept. of Physics, Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States)
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Ohio Univ., Athens, OH (United States). Astrophysical Inst., Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States); Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Physics
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States); Brandeis Univ., Waltham, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics

The luminosity distance measurement of GW170817 derived from gravitational-wave analysis in Abbott et al. (2017a, hereafter A17:H0) is highly correlated with the measured inclination of the NS–NS system. To improve the precision of the distance measurement, we attempt to constrain the inclination by modeling the broadband X-ray-to-radio emission from GW170817, which is dominated by the interaction of the jet with the environment. We update our previous analysis and we consider the radio and X-ray data obtained at t < 40 days since merger. We find that the afterglow emission from GW170817 is consistent with an off-axis relativistic jet with energy E_k~10⁴⁸ -3 × 10⁵⁰ erg propagating into an environment with density n ~ 10^-2–10-4 cm-3, with preference for wider jets (opening angle θ j = 15°). For these jets, our modeling indicates an off-axis angle θ obs ~25°–50°. We combine our constraints on θ obs with the joint distance–inclination constraint from LIGO. Using the same ~170 km s^-1 peculiar velocity uncertainty assumed in A17:H0 but with an inclination constraint from the afterglow data, we get a value of H₀ =74.0 ± $$\frac{11.5}{7.5}$$ km s^-1 Mpc^-1, which is higher than the value of H₀ 70.0 ± $$\frac{12.0}{8.0}$$ km s^-1 Mpc^-1 found in A17:H0. Further, using a more realistic peculiar velocity uncertainty of 250 km s^-1 derived from previous work, we find km s^-1 Mpc^-1 for H₀ from this system. This is in modestly better agreement with the local distance ladder than the Planck cosmic microwave background, though such a significant discrimination will require ~50 such events. Finally, measurements at t > 100 days of the X-ray and radio emission will lead to tighter constraints.

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Research Organization:: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359; SC0007859

OSTI ID:: 1434943

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1645477

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-17-469-A; arXiv:1710.06426; 1631149; TRN: US1802825

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters (Online), Vol. 851, Issue 2; ISSN 2041-8213

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 67 works

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Spectroscopic identification of r-process nucleosynthesis in a double neutron star merger Pian, E.; D'Avanzo, P.; Benetti, S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.05858	text	January 2017
Final Results from the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project to Measure the Hubble Constant Freedman, W. L.; Madore, B. F.; Gibson, B. K. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0012376	text	January 2000
Performance of AAOmega: the AAT multi-purpose fibre-fed spectrograph Sharp, R.; Saunder, W.; Smith, G. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0606137	text	January 2006
Gamma-Ray Bursts as the Death Throes of Massive Binary Stars Narayan, Ramesh; Paczyński, Bohdan; Piran, Tsvi arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9204001	text	January 1992
Spectra and Light Curves of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows Sari, Re'em; Piran, Tsvi; Narayan, Ramesh arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9712005	text	January 1997
Predictions for The Very Early Afterglow and The Optical Flash Sari, Re'em; Piran, Tsvi arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9901338	text	January 1999
The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale XXIV: The Calibration of Tully-Fisher Relations and the Value of the Hubble Constant Sakai, Shoko; Mould, Jeremy R.; Hughes, Shaun M. G. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9909269	text	January 1999

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Calibrating gravitational-wave detectors with GW170817 Essick, Reed; Holz, Daniel E. Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 36, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab2142	journal	May 2019
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H ₀ from cosmic chronometers and Type Ia supernovae, with Gaussian Processes and the novel Weighted Polynomial Regression method Gómez-Valent, Adrià; Amendola, Luca Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 04 https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2018/04/051	journal	April 2018
Limits on the number of spacetime dimensions from GW170817 Pardo, Kris; Fishbach, Maya; Holz, Daniel E. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 07 https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2018/07/048	journal	July 2018
Prospects of the local Hubble parameter measurement using gravitational waves from double neutron stars Seto, Naoki; Kyutoku, Koutarou Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 475, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty090	journal	January 2018
First cosmological results using Type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: measurement of the Hubble constant Macaulay, E.; Nichol, R. C.; Bacon, D. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 486, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz978	journal	April 2019
Observational evidence for extended emission to GW170817 van Putten, Maurice H. P. M.; Della Valle, Massimo Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 482, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/sly166	journal	September 2018
Unbiased Hubble constant estimation from binary neutron star mergers Mortlock, Daniel J.; Feeney, Stephen M.; Peiris, Hiranya V. Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.100.103523	journal	November 2019
Modified gravitational-wave propagation and standard sirens Belgacem, Enis; Dirian, Yves; Foffa, Stefano Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.98.023510	journal	July 2018
Primordial gravitational waves and the $H_{0}$ -tension problem Graef, Leila L.; Benetti, Micol; Alcaniz, Jailson S. Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.99.043519	journal	February 2019
Dark energy in Horndeski theories after GW170817: A review Kase, Ryotaro; Tsujikawa, Shinji International Journal of Modern Physics D, Vol. 28, Issue 05 https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218271819420057	journal	April 2019
Dark Energy in Light of Multi-Messenger Gravitational-Wave Astronomy Ezquiaga, Jose María; Zumalacárregui, Miguel Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, Vol. 5 https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2018.00044	journal	December 2018
Binary Neutron Star (BNS) Merger: What We Learned from Relativistic Ejecta of GW/GRB 170817A Ziaeepour, Houri Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/physics1020018	journal	July 2019
Measuring the Value of the Hubble Constant “à la Refsdal” Grillo, C.; Rosati, P.; Suyu, S. H. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 860, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac2c9	journal	June 2018
LSST Target-of-opportunity Observations of Gravitational-wave Events: Essential and Efficient Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Villar, V. A.; Scolnic, D. M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab07b6	journal	March 2019
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Low-latency Gravitational-wave Alerts for Multimessenger Astronomy during the Second Advanced LIGO and Virgo Observing Run Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 875, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab0e8f	journal	April 2019
Brightening X-Ray Emission from GW170817/GRB 170817A: Further Evidence for an Outflow Ruan, John J.; Nynka, Melania; Haggard, Daryl The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 853, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaa4f3	journal	January 2018
Inverse Compton Scattered Merger-nova: Late X-Ray Counterpart of Gravitational-wave Signals from NS–NS/BH Mergers Ai, Shunke; Gao, He The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 853, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaa541	journal	January 2018
The Orbit of GW170817 Was Inclined by Less Than 28° to the Line of Sight Mandel, Ilya The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 853, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaa6c1	journal	January 2018
A Precise Distance to the Host Galaxy of the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817 Using Surface Brightness Fluctuations Cantiello, Michele; Jensen, J. B.; Blakeslee, J. P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 854, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaad64	journal	February 2018
The Binary Neutron Star Event LIGO/Virgo GW170817 160 Days after Merger: Synchrotron Emission across the Electromagnetic Spectrum Margutti, R.; Alexander, K. D.; Xie, X. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aab2ad	journal	March 2018
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Properties of the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817 Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D. College Park, MD : American Physical Society https://doi.org/10.15488/11396	text	January 2019
Brightening X-ray Emission from GW170817/GRB170817A: Further Evidence for an Outflow Ruan, John J.; Nynka, Melania; Haggard, Daryl arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.02809	text	January 2017
$H_0$ from cosmic chronometers and Type Ia supernovae, with Gaussian Processes and the novel Weighted Polynomial Regression method Gómez-Valent, Adrià; Amendola, Luca arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1802.01505	text	January 2018
Observational evidence for Extended Emission to GW170817 van Putten, Maurice H. P. M.; Della Valle, Massimo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1806.02165	text	January 2018
A Hubble constant measurement from superluminal motion of the jet in GW170817 Hotokezaka, Kenta; Nakar, Ehud; Gottlieb, Ore arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1806.10596	preprint	January 2018
Dark energy in Horndeski theories after GW170817: A review Kase, Ryotaro; Tsujikawa, Shinji arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.08735	text	January 2018
Unbiased Hubble constant estimation from binary neutron star mergers Mortlock, Daniel J.; Feeney, Stephen M.; Peiris, Hiranya V. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1811.11723	text	January 2018
Low-Latency Gravitational Wave Alerts for Multi-Messenger Astronomy During the Second Advanced LIGO and Virgo Observing Run Collaboration, The LIGO Scientific; Collaboration, The Virgo; Abbott, B. P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.03310	text	January 2019
Calibrating gravitational-wave detectors with GW170817 Essick, Reed; Holz, Daniel E. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1902.08076	text	January 2019
Theoretical Cosmology Coley, A. A.; Ellis, G. F. R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1909.05346	text	January 2019
A Summary of Multimessenger Science with Neutron Star Mergers Burns, Eric; Tohuvavohu, Aaron; Buckley, James arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1903.03582	preprint	January 2019

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Title: Improved Constraints on H₀ from a Combined Analysis of Gravitational-wave and Electromagnetic Emission from GW170817