Transmission-line-circuit model of an 85-TW, 25-MA pulsed-power accelerator

Hutsel, B. T.; Corcoran, P. A.; Cuneo, M. E.; Gomez, M. R.; Hess, M. H.; Hinshelwood, D. D.; Jennings, C. A.; Laity, G. R.; Lamppa, D. C.; McBride, R. D.; Moore, J. K.; Myers, A.; Rose, D. V.; Slutz, S. A.; Stygar, W. A.; Waisman, E. M.; Welch, D. R.; Whitney, B. A.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.030401

Title: Transmission-line-circuit model of an 85-TW, 25-MA pulsed-power accelerator

Journal Article · Fri Mar 23 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Physical Review Accelerators and Beams

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.21.030401· OSTI ID:1429148

Hutsel, B. T.; Corcoran, P. A.; Cuneo, M. E.; Gomez, M. R.; Hess, M. H.; Hinshelwood, D. D.; Jennings, C. A.; Laity, G. R.; Lamppa, D. C.; McBride, R. D.; Moore, J. K.; Myers, A.; Rose, D. V.; Slutz, S. A.; Stygar, W. A.; Waisman, E. M.; Welch, D. R.; Whitney, B. A.

Here, we have developed a physics-based transmission-line-circuit model of the Z pulsed-power accelerator. The 33-m-diameter Z machine generates a peak electrical power as high as 85 TW, and delivers as much as 25 MA to a physics load. The circuit model is used to design and analyze experiments conducted on Z. The model consists of 36 networks of transmission-line-circuit elements and resistors that represent each of Zs 36 modules. The model of each module includes a Marx generator, intermediate-energy-storage capacitor, laser-triggered gas switch, pulse-forming line, self-break water switches, and tri-plate transmission lines. The circuit model also includes elements that represent Zs water convolute, vacuum insulator stack, four parallel outer magnetically insulated vacuum transmission lines (MITLs), double-post-hole vacuum convolute, inner vacuum MITL, and physics load. Within the vacuum-transmission-line system the model conducts analytic calculations of current loss. To calculate the loss, the model simulates the following processes: (i) electron emission from MITL cathode surfaces wherever an electric-field threshold has been exceeded; (ii) electron loss in the MITLs before magnetic insulation has been established; (iii) flow of electrons emitted by the outer-MITL cathodes after insulation has been established; (iv) closure of MITL anode-cathode (AK) gaps due to expansion of cathode plasma; (v) energy loss to MITL conductors operated at high lineal current densities; (vi) heating of MITL-anode surfaces due to conduction current and deposition of electron kinetic energy; (vii) negative-space-charge-enhanced ion emission from MITL anode surfaces wherever an anode-surface-temperature threshold has been exceeded; and (viii) closure of MITL AK gaps due to expansion of anode plasma. The circuit model is expected to be most accurate when the fractional current loss is small. We have performed circuit simulations of 52 Z experiments conducted with a variety of accelerator configurations and load-impedance time histories. For these experiments, the apparent fractional current loss varies from 0% to 20%. Results of the circuit simulations agree with data acquired on 52 shots to within 2%.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1429148

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1457522

Report Number(s):: SAND-2018-6456J; PRABCJ; 030401

Journal Information:: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, Journal Name: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams Vol. 21 Journal Issue: 3; ISSN 2469-9888

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 18 works

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Cited By (3)

Design and testing of a magnetically driven implosion peak current diagnostic Hess, M. H.; Peterson, K. J.; Ampleford, D. J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5024374	journal	April 2018
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Implosion of auto-magnetizing helical liners on the Z facility Shipley, G. A.; Awe, T. J.; Hutsel, B. T. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5089468	journal	May 2019

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