Turbulent fluctuations during pellet injection into a dipole confined plasma torus

Garnier, D. T.; Mauel, M. E.; Roberts, T. M.; Kesner, J.; Woskov, P. P.

doi:10.1063/1.4973828

Title: Turbulent fluctuations during pellet injection into a dipole confined plasma torus

Journal Article · Tue Jan 17 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4973828· OSTI ID:1361733

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^[1]; Kesner, J. ^[2];

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Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Applied Physics and Applied
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Plasma Science and Fusion Center

Here, we report measurements of the turbulent evolution of the plasma density profile following the fast injection of lithium pellets into the Levitated Dipole Experiment (LDX) [Boxer et al., Nat. Phys. 6, 207 (2010)]. As the pellet passes through the plasma, it provides a significant internal particle source and allows investigation of density profile evolution, turbulent relaxation, and turbulent fluctuations. The total electron number within the dipole plasma torus increases by more than a factor of three, and the central density increases by more than a factor of five. During these large changes in density, the shape of the density profile is nearly “stationary” such that the gradient of the particle number within tubes of equal magnetic flux vanishes. In comparison to the usual case, when the particle source is neutral gas at the plasma edge, the internal source from the pellet causes the toroidal phase velocity of the fluctuations to reverse and changes the average particle flux at the plasma edge. An edge particle source creates an inward turbulent pinch, but an internal particle source increases the outward turbulent particle flux. Statistical properties of the turbulence are measured by multiple microwave interferometers and by an array of probes at the edge. The spatial structures of the largest amplitude modes have long radial and toroidal wavelengths. Estimates of the local and toroidally averaged turbulent particle flux show intermittency and a non-Gaussian probability distribution function. The measured fluctuations, both before and during pellet injection, have frequency and wave number dispersion consistent with theoretical expectations for interchange and entropy modes excited within a dipole plasma torus having warm electrons and cool ions.

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Research Organization:: Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-00ER54585; PHY-1201896

OSTI ID:: 1361733

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1420487; OSTI ID: 1429074

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Journal Name: Physics of Plasmas Vol. 24 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 10 works

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Density peaking and turbulent pinch in DIII-D discharges Estrada-Mila, C.; Candy, J.; Waltz, R. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2241767	journal	July 2006
Global and local characterization of turbulent and chaotic structures in a dipole-confined plasma Grierson, B. A.; Worstell, M. W.; Mauel, M. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3099319	journal	May 2009
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Fluctuation driven transport and stationary profiles Kesner, J.; Garnier, D. T.; Mauel, M. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3590935	journal	May 2011
High-β plasma formation and observation of peaked density profile in RT-1 Saitoh, H.; Yoshida, Z.; Morikawa, J. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 51, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/51/6/063034	journal	May 2011
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Turbulent fluxes and entropy production rate Garbet, X.; Dubuit, N.; Asp, E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1951667	journal	August 2005
Intermittent transport across the scrape-off layer: latest results from ASDEX Upgrade Kočan, M.; Müller, H. W.; Nold, B. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 53, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/53/7/073047	journal	June 2013
Outer planet magnetospheres: a tutorial Russell, C. T. Advances in Space Research, Vol. 33, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2003.04.049	journal	January 2004
Observations and modeling of the electron cyclotron emission background in the Levitated Dipole Experiment Woskov, P. P.; Kesner, J.; Garnier, D. T. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 227 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/227/1/012021	journal	May 2010
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Density Profiles in the Levitated Dipole Experiment Boxer, A. C.; Garnier, D. T.; Ellsworth, J. L. Journal of Fusion Energy, Vol. 27, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-007-9118-x	journal	July 2007
Production and study of high-beta plasma confined by a superconducting dipole magnet Garnier, D. T.; Hansen, A.; Mauel, M. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2186616	journal	May 2006
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Measurement of the global structure of interchange modes driven by energetic electrons trapped in a magnetic dipole Levitt, B.; Maslovsky, D.; Mauel, M. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 9, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1475999	journal	June 2002
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Quantitative predictions of tokamak energy confinement from first‐principles simulations with kinetic effects Kotschenreuther, M.; Dorland, W.; Beer, M. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 2, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.871261	journal	June 1995
Kinetic stability of electrostatic plasma modes in a dipolar magnetic field Simakov, Andrei N.; Catto, Peter J.; Hastie, R. J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1399058	journal	October 2001
Probe measurements of low-frequency plasma potential and electric field fluctuations in a magnetized plasma Ratynskaia, S. V.; Demidov, V. I.; Rypdal, K. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1505846	journal	October 2002
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Cited By (38)

Turbulent fluxes and entropy production rate Garbet, X.; Dubuit, N.; Asp, E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1951667	journal	August 2005
Analysis of the temperature influence on Langmuir probe measurements on the basis of gyrofluid simulations Gennrich, F. P.; Kendl, A. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 54, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/54/1/015012	journal	December 2011
Density profile consistency and its relation to the transport of trapped versus passing electrons in tokamaks Baker, D. R.; Rosenbluth, M. N. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 5, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.873016	journal	August 1998
Improved beta (local beta >1) and density in electron cyclotron resonance heating on the RT-1 magnetosphere plasma Nishiura, M.; Yoshida, Z.; Saitoh, H. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 55, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/55/5/053019	journal	April 2015
Turbulent inward pinch of plasma confined by a levitated dipole magnet Boxer, A. C.; Bergmann, R.; Ellsworth, J. L. Nature Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1510	journal	January 2010
Interchange modes in a collisional plasma Kesner, J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 7, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1287915	journal	January 2000
Probe measurements of low-frequency plasma potential and electric field fluctuations in a magnetized plasma Ratynskaia, S. V.; Demidov, V. I.; Rypdal, K. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1505846	journal	October 2002
Outer planet magnetospheres: a tutorial Russell, C. T. Advances in Space Research, Vol. 33, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2003.04.049	journal	January 2004
Charged Particle Diffusion by Violation of the Third Adiabatic Invariant Birmingham, T. J. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 10, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1762048	journal	January 1967
The Response of Jupiter's Magnetosphere to an Outburst on Io Brown, M. E. Science, Vol. 278, Issue 5336 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.278.5336.268	journal	October 1997
Low-Frequency Limit of Interchange Instability Rosenbluth, Marshall N. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1692009	journal	January 1968
Fluctuation‐induced flux at the plasma edge in toroidal devices Carreras, B. A.; Hidalgo, C.; Sánchez, E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.871523	journal	July 1996
Production and study of high-beta plasma confined by a superconducting dipole magnet Garnier, D. T.; Hansen, A.; Mauel, M. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2186616	journal	May 2006
Design and initial operation of the LDX facility Garnier, D. T.; Hansen, A. K.; Kesner, J. Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 81, Issue 20-22 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2006.07.002	journal	November 2006
Nonlinear reduced Braginskii equations with ion thermal dynamics in toroidal plasma Zeiler, A.; Drake, J. F.; Rogers, B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 4, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.872368	journal	June 1997
Turbulent Fluctuations During Pellet Injection Into A Dipole Confined Plasma Torus Garnier, D. T.; Mauel, M. E.; Roberts, T. M. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.220992	dataset	January 2016
Measurement of the global structure of interchange modes driven by energetic electrons trapped in a magnetic dipole Levitt, B.; Maslovsky, D.; Mauel, M. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 9, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1475999	journal	June 2002
Rotational effects on the distribution of thermal plasma in the magnetosphere of jupiter Melrose, D. B. Planetary and Space Science, Vol. 15, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(67)90202-4	journal	February 1967
Stationary density profiles in the Levitated Dipole Experiment: toward fusion without tritium fuel Kesner, J.; Davis, M. S.; Ellsworth, J. L. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 52, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/52/12/124036	journal	November 2010
Kinetic stability of electrostatic plasma modes in a dipolar magnetic field Simakov, Andrei N.; Catto, Peter J.; Hastie, R. J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1399058	journal	October 2001
Fluctuation driven transport and stationary profiles Kesner, J.; Garnier, D. T.; Mauel, M. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3590935	journal	May 2011
Pressure profiles of plasmas confined in the field of a magnetic dipole Davis, Matthew S.; Mauel, M. E.; Garnier, Darren T. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/56/9/095021	journal	August 2014
Density Profiles in the Levitated Dipole Experiment Boxer, A. C.; Garnier, D. T.; Ellsworth, J. L. Journal of Fusion Energy, Vol. 27, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-007-9118-x	journal	July 2007
Magnetohydrodynamic stability in a levitated dipole Garnier, D. T.; Kesner, J.; Mauel, M. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.873601	journal	September 1999
Observations and modeling of the electron cyclotron emission background in the Levitated Dipole Experiment Woskov, P. P.; Kesner, J.; Garnier, D. T. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 227 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/227/1/012021	journal	May 2010
Gyrokinetic linear theory of the entropy mode in a Z pinch Ricci, Paolo; Rogers, B. N.; Dorland, W. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2205830	journal	June 2006
Intermittent transport across the scrape-off layer: latest results from ASDEX Upgrade Kočan, M.; Müller, H. W.; Nold, B. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 53, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/53/7/073047	journal	June 2013
Quantitative predictions of tokamak energy confinement from first‐principles simulations with kinetic effects Kotschenreuther, M.; Dorland, W.; Beer, M. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 2, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.871261	journal	June 1995
Global and local characterization of turbulent and chaotic structures in a dipole-confined plasma Grierson, B. A.; Worstell, M. W.; Mauel, M. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3099319	journal	May 2009
Density peaking and turbulent pinch in DIII-D discharges Estrada-Mila, C.; Candy, J.; Waltz, R. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2241767	journal	July 2006
Radiofrequency-heated enhanced confinement modes in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak Takase, Y.; Boivin, R. L.; Bombarda, F. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 4, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.872269	journal	May 1997
Practical solutions for reliable triple probe measurements in magnetized plasmas Theiler, C.; Furno, I.; Kuenlin, A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 82, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3516045	journal	January 2011
Imaging of lithium pellet ablation trails and measurement of q profiles in TFTR Terry, J. L.; Marmar, E. S.; Snipes, J. A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 63, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1143849	journal	October 1992
A density rise experiment on PLT Strachan, J. D.; Bretz, N.; Mazzucato, E. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 22, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/22/9/002	journal	September 1982
High-β plasma formation and observation of peaked density profile in RT-1 Saitoh, H.; Yoshida, Z.; Morikawa, J. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 51, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/51/6/063034	journal	May 2011
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Title: Turbulent fluctuations during pellet injection into a dipole confined plasma torus

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