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Title: Technical and economic analysis of solvent-based lithium-ion electrode drying with water and NMP

Journal Article · · Drying Technology
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [2];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  2. Babcock & Wilcox MEGTEC, De Pere, WI (United States)
  3. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
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Processing lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrode dispersions with water as the solvent during primary drying offers many advantages over N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). An in-depth analysis of the comparative drying costs of LIB electrodes is discussed for both NMP- and water-based dispersion processing in terms of battery pack $/kWh. Electrode coating manufacturing and capital equipment cost savings are compared for water vs. conventional NMP organic solvent processing. A major finding of this work is that the total electrode manufacturing costs, whether water-or NMP-based, contribute about 8-9% of the total pack cost. However, it was found that up to a 2 x reduction in electrode processing (drying and solvent recovery) cost can be expected along with a $3-6 M savings in associated plant capital equipment (for a plant producing 100,000 10-kWh Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) batteries) using water as the electrode solvent. This paper shows a different perspective in that the most important benefits of aqueous electrode processing actually revolve around capital equipment savings and environmental stewardship and not processing cost savings.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V); USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725; AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1394420
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1424469; OSTI ID: 1459888
Journal Information:
Drying Technology, Vol. 36, Issue 2; ISSN 0737-3937
Publisher:
Taylor & FrancisCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 110 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (11)

Optimization of multicomponent aqueous suspensions of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) nanoparticles and carbon black for lithium-ion battery cathodes journal September 2013
Evaluation Residual Moisture in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes and Its Effect on Electrode Performance journal January 2016
Life cycle assessment of lithium-ion batteries for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles – Critical issues journal November 2010
Energy impact of cathode drying and solvent recovery during lithium-ion battery manufacturing journal August 2016
Delamination behavior of lithium-ion battery anodes: Influence of drying temperature during electrode processing journal July 2015
Optimization of LiFePO 4 Nanoparticle Suspensions with Polyethyleneimine for Aqueous Processing journal February 2012
Superior Performance of LiFePO 4 Aqueous Dispersions via Corona Treatment and Surface Energy Optimization journal January 2012
Lithium Ion Cell Performance Enhancement Using Aqueous LiFePO 4 Cathode Dispersions and Polyethyleneimine Dispersant journal November 2012
Air Exposure Effect on LiFePO[sub 4] journal January 2008
Materials processing for lithium-ion batteries journal March 2011
Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries journal February 2015

Cited By (7)

High Energy Li‐Ion Electrodes Prepared via a Solventless Melt Process journal April 2020
Extrusion‐Based Processing of Cathodes: Influence of Solid Content on Suspension and Electrode Properties journal May 2019
High-throughput battery materials testing based on test cell arrays and dispense/jet printed electrodes journal March 2019
Toward Low-Cost, High-Energy Density, and High-Power Density Lithium-Ion Batteries journal June 2017
Characterization of Surface Free Energy of Composite Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries journal January 2018
Elucidation of Separator Effect on Energy Density of Li-Ion Batteries journal January 2019
Environmental Screening of Electrode Materials for a Rechargeable Aluminum Battery with an AlCl3/EMIMCl Electrolyte journal June 2018

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25 ENERGY STORAGE
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