Unifying Optical Selection Rules for Excitons in Two Dimensions: Band Topology and Winding Numbers

Cao, Ting; Wu, Meng; Louie, Steven G.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.087402

Title: Unifying Optical Selection Rules for Excitons in Two Dimensions: Band Topology and Winding Numbers

Journal Article · Fri Feb 23 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.087402· OSTI ID:1544322

Cao, Ting ^[1]; Wu, Meng ^[1]; Louie, Steven G. ^[1]

Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Here, we demonstrate that band topology can dramatically change the photophysics of two-dimensional semiconductors. For systems in which states near the band extrema are of multicomponent character, the spinors describing these components (pseudospins) can pick up nonzero winding numbers around the extremal k point. In these systems, we find that the strength and required light polarization of an excitonic optical transition are dictated by the optical matrix element winding number, a unique and heretofore unrecognized topological characteristic. We highlight these results in three gapped graphene systems—monolayer graphene with inequivalent sublattices and biased bi- and trilayer graphene, where the pseudospin textures manifest into nontrivial optical matrix element winding numbers associated with different valley and photon circular polarization. This winding-number physics leads to novel exciton series and optical selection rules, with each valley hosting multiple bright excitons coupled to light of different circular polarization. This valley-exciton selective circular dichroism can be unambiguously detected using optical spectroscopy.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1544322

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1422446

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 8; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 47 works

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