Analysis of Rate-Limiting Factors in Thick Electrodes for Electric Vehicle Applications

Lee, Byoung-Sun; Wu, Zhaohui; Petrova, Victoria; Xing, Xing; Lim, Hee-Dae; Liu, Haodong; Liu, Ping

doi:10.1149/2.0571803jes

Title: Analysis of Rate-Limiting Factors in Thick Electrodes for Electric Vehicle Applications

Journal Article · Thu Feb 08 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0571803jes· OSTI ID:1422415

Lee, Byoung-Sun; Wu, Zhaohui; Petrova, Victoria; Xing, Xing; Lim, Hee-Dae; Liu, Haodong;

Increasing electrode thickness and loading can help Li-ion batteries achieve higher energy densities, but the resulting decay in electrochemical performance at elevated rates remains a significant challenge. In order to design an optimal thick electrode, understanding how performance loss occurs is necessary. While it is known that both ionic and electronic conductivity contribute to rate performance, we observed a stronger correlation between electronic conductivity and electrochemical performance of electrodes at a loading of >25 mg/cm² under C/3 to 1C, rates most relevant to electric vehicle applications. To illustrate this effect, we explore the mud-cracking phenomenon during electrode fabrication to obtain narrow, vertical channels which reduce electrode tortuosity, and therefore decrease the liquid phase ionic resistance in thick electrodes. Variation in crack densities enables us to systematically investigate the effects of ionic and electronic conductivity on electrochemical performance in electrodes with identical overall porosity and composition. Rate and cycling performances of mud-cracked thick electrodes have stronger correlations with electronic conductivity than ionic conductivity. These findings shed new light on the relative importance of electronic versus ionic conductivities, arguing for the need to further optimize electronic conduction in thick electrodes when they are cycled in conditions relevant to electric vehicle applications.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0007764

OSTI ID:: 1422415

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1509876

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol. 165 Journal Issue: 3; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 64 works

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