Excess Li-Ion Storage on Reconstructed Surfaces of Nanocrystals To Boost Battery Performance

Duan, Yandong; Zhang, Bingkai; Zheng, Jiaxin; Hu, Jiangtao; Wen, Jianguo; Miller, Dean J.; Yan, Pengfei; Liu, Tongchao; Guo, Hua; Li, Wen; Song, Xiaohe; Zhuo, Zengqing; Liu, Chaokun; Tang, Hanting; Tan, Rui; Chen, Zonghai; Ren, Yang; Lin, Yuan; Yang, Wanli; Wang, Chong-Min; Wang, Lin-Wang; Lu, Jun; Amine, Khalil; Pan, Feng

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02315

Title: Excess Li-Ion Storage on Reconstructed Surfaces of Nanocrystals To Boost Battery Performance

Journal Article · Thu Aug 03 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nano Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02315· OSTI ID:1414428

Duan, Yandong ^[1]; Zhang, Bingkai ^[1]; Zheng, Jiaxin ^[1]; Hu, Jiangtao ^[1]; Wen, Jianguo ^[2]; Miller, Dean J. ^[2]; Yan, Pengfei ^[3]; Liu, Tongchao ^[1]; Guo, Hua ^[1]; Li, Wen ^[1]; Song, Xiaohe ^[1]; Zhuo, Zengqing ^[4]; Liu, Chaokun ^[1]; Tang, Hanting ^[1]; Tan, Rui ^[1];

^[2]; Ren, Yang ^[5]; Lin, Yuan ^[1]; Yang, Wanli ^[6];

^[3] more »

Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School (China). School of Advanced Materials
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Center for Nanoscale Materials
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory
Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School (China). School of Advanced Materials; Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). X-ray Science Division
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). X-ray Science Division
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Science Division

Because of their enhanced kinetic properties, nanocrystallites have received much attention as potential electrode materials for energy storage. However, because of the large specific surface areas of nanocrystallites, they usually suffer from decreased energy density, cycling stability, and effective electrode capacity. Here, in this work, we report a size-dependent excess capacity beyond theoretical value (170 mA h g^-1) by introducing extra lithium storage at the reconstructed surface in nanosized LiFePO₄ (LFP) cathode materials (186 and 207 mA h g^-1 in samples with mean particle sizes of 83 and 42 nm, respectively). Moreover, this LFP composite also shows excellent cycling stability and high rate performance. Our multimodal experimental characterizations and ab initio calculations reveal that the surface extra lithium storage is mainly attributed to the charge passivation of Fe by the surface C–O–Fe bonds, which can enhance binding energy for surface lithium by compensating surface Fe truncated symmetry to create two types of extra positions for Li-ion storage at the reconstructed surfaces. Such surface reconstruction nanotechnology for excess Li-ion storage makes full use of the large specific surface area of the nanocrystallites, which can maintain the fast Li-ion transport and greatly enhance the capacity. Finally, this discovery and nanotechnology can be used for the design of high-capacity and efficient lithium ion batteries.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1414428

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 10; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 42 works

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Touching the theoretical capacity: synthesizing cubic LiTi ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₃ /C nanocomposites for high-performance lithium-ion battery Deng, Wenjun; Wang, Xusheng; Liu, Chunyi Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7nr09684d	journal	January 2018
Nanostructured Li ₃ V ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₃ Cathodes Tan, Huiteng; Xu, Lianhua; Geng, Hongbo Small, Vol. 14, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201800567	journal	April 2018

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