Microstructure selection in thin-sample directional solidification of an Al-Cu alloy: In situ X-ray imaging and phase-field simulations

Clarke, A. J.; Tourret, D.; Song, Y.; Imhoff, S. D.; Gibbs, P. J.; Gibbs, J. W.; Fezzaa, K.; Karma, A.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2017.02.047

Title: Microstructure selection in thin-sample directional solidification of an Al-Cu alloy: In situ X-ray imaging and phase-field simulations

Journal Article · Mon May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Acta Materialia

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2017.02.047· OSTI ID:1411180

Clarke, A. J.;

; Song, Y.; Imhoff, S. D.; Gibbs, P. J.; Gibbs, J. W.; Fezzaa, K.; Karma, A.

We study microstructure selection during directional solidification of a thin metallic sample. We combine in situ X-ray radiography of a dilute Al-Cu alloy solidification experiments with three-dimensional phase-field simulations. We explore a range of temperature gradient G and growth velocity V and build a microstructure selection map for this alloy. We investigate the selection of the primary dendritic spacing Lambda and tip radius rho. While rho shows a good agreement between experimental measurements and dendrite growth theory, with rho similar to V-1/2, Lambda is observed to increase with V (partial derivative Lambda/partial derivative V > 0), in apparent disagreement with classical scaling laws for primary dendritic spacing, which predict that partial derivative Lambda/partial derivative V <0. We show through simulations that this trend inversion for Lambda(V) is due to liquid convection in our experiments, despite the thin sample configuration. We use a classical diffusion boundary-layer approximation to semi-quantitatively incorporate the effect of liquid convection into phase-field simulations. This approximation is implemented by assuming complete solute mixing outside a purely diffusive zone of constant thickness that surrounds the solid-liquid interface. This simple method enables us to quantitatively match experimental measurements of the planar morphological instability threshold and primary spacings over an order of magnitude in V. We explain the observed inversion of partial derivative Lambda/partial derivative V by a combination of slow transient dynamics of microstructural homogenization and the influence of the sample thickness.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

DOE Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1411180

Journal Information:: Acta Materialia, Vol. 129, Issue C; ISSN 1359-6454

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Thesis/Dissertation · Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2011 · OSTI ID:1411180

Choi, Jeong

Three-dimensional dendritic needle network model for alloy solidification

Journal Article · Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Acta Materialia · OSTI ID:1411180

Tourret, D.; Karma, A.

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
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Microstructure formation
Phase-field method
X-ray radiography

Title: Microstructure selection in thin-sample directional solidification of an Al-Cu alloy: In situ X-ray imaging and phase-field simulations

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