High-Performance High-Loading Lithium-Sulfur Batteries by Low Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of Aluminum Oxide on Nanophase S Cathodes

Meng, Xiangbo; Liu, Yuzi; Cao, Yanqiang; Ren, Yang; Lu, Wenquan; Elam, Jeffrey W.

doi:10.1002/admi.201700096

Title: High-Performance High-Loading Lithium-Sulfur Batteries by Low Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of Aluminum Oxide on Nanophase S Cathodes

Journal Article · Thu May 18 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Advanced Materials Interfaces

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201700096· OSTI ID:1411012

Meng, Xiangbo ^[1]; Liu, Yuzi ^[2]; Cao, Yanqiang ^[3]; Ren, Yang ^[4]; Lu, Wenquan ^[5]; Elam, Jeffrey W. ^[3]

Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville AR 72701 USA
Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439 USA
Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439 USA
Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439 USA
Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439 USA

This study examines the effects of nanophase S and surface coatings via atomic layer deposition (ALD) on high-loading sulfur cathodes for developing high-performance and high-energy lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. It is first verified that ball milling is an effective and facile route for nanoengineering microsized S powders and the resultant nanoscale S particles exhibit better performance. Using these ball milled nanoscale S cathodes, it is found that ALD Al2O3 performed at 50 degrees C yields deposits that evolve with ALD cycles from dispersed nanoparticles, to porous, connected films, and finally to dense and continuous films. Moreover, this low temperature ALD process suppresses S loss by sublimation. The ALD Al2O3 greatly improves sulfur cathode sustainable capacity and Coulombic efficiency. This study postulates two different mechanisms underlying the effects of ALD Al2O3 surface coatings depending on their morphology. ALD Al2O3 nanoparticles dispersed on the sulfur surface mainly function to adsorb polysulfides, thereby inhibiting S shuttling and improving sustainable capacity and Coulombic efficiency. By contrast, ALD Al2O3 films behave as a physical barrier to prevent polysulfides from contacting the liquid electrolyte and dissolving. The dispersed Al2O3 nanoparticles improve both sustainable capacity and Coulombic efficiency while the closed Al2O3 films improve Coulombic efficiency while decreasing the capacity

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science - Office of Basic Energy Sciences - Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)

DOE Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1411012

Journal Information:: Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 4, Issue 17; ISSN 2196-7350

Publisher:: Wiley-VCH

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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