Finding a Needle in the Haystack: Identification of Functionally Important Minority Phases in an Operating Battery

Zhang, Kai; Ren, Fang; Wang, Xuelong; Hu, Enyuan; Xu, Yahong; Yang, Xiao -Qing; Li, Hong; Chen, Liquan; Pianetta, Piero; Mehta, Apurva; Yu, Xiqian; Liu, Yijin

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03985

Title: Finding a Needle in the Haystack: Identification of Functionally Important Minority Phases in an Operating Battery

Journal Article · Wed Nov 08 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Nano Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03985· OSTI ID:1409510

Zhang, Kai ^[1]; Ren, Fang ^[2]; Wang, Xuelong ^[3]; Hu, Enyuan ^[4]; Xu, Yahong ^[2]; Yang, Xiao -Qing ^[4];

^[5]; Chen, Liquan ^[5]; Pianetta, Piero ^[2];

^[2];

^[5];

^[2]

Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)

The in-depth understanding of the minority phases’ roles in functional materials, e.g., batteries, is critical for optimizing the system performance and the operational efficiency. Although the visualization of battery electrode under operating conditions has been demonstrated, the development of advanced data-mining approaches is still needed in order to identify minority phases and to understand their functionalities. The present study uses nanoscale X-ray spectromicroscopy to study a functional LiCoO₂/Li battery pouch cell. The data-mining approaches developed herein were used to search through over 10 million X-ray absorption spectra that cover more than 100 active cathode particles. Two particles with unanticipated chemical fingerprints were identified and further analyzed, providing direct evidence and valuable insight into the undesired side reactions involving the cation dissolution and precipitation as well as the local overlithiation-caused subparticle domain deactivation. As a result, the data-mining approach described in this work is widely applicable to many other structurally complex and chemically heterogeneous systems, in which the secondary/minority phases could critically affect the overall performance of the system, well beyond battery research.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1409510

Report Number(s):: BNL-114560-2017-JA; R&D Project: MA453MAEA; VT1201000; TRN: US1703198

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 12; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 34 works

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Analysis on the constant-current overcharge electrode process and self-protection mechanism of LiCoO2/graphite batteries Deng, Yaoming; Kang, Tianxing; Song, Xiaona Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol. 23, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4142-5	journal	November 2018
Data mining for better material synthesis: The case of pulsed laser deposition of complex oxides Young, Steven R.; Maksov, Artem; Ziatdinov, Maxim Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 123, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5009942	journal	March 2018
High‐Voltage Charging‐Induced Strain, Heterogeneity, and Micro‐Cracks in Secondary Particles of a Nickel‐Rich Layered Cathode Material Mao, Yuwei; Wang, Xuelong; Xia, Sihao Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201900247	journal	March 2019
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