Characterization and Catalytic Upgrading of Aqueous Stream Carbon from Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass

doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03344

Title: Characterization and Catalytic Upgrading of Aqueous Stream Carbon from Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass

Abstract

Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of biomass produces a liquid product consisting of organic and aqueous streams. The organic stream is typically slated for hydrotreating to produce hydrocarbon biofuels, while the aqueous stream is considered a waste stream, resulting in the loss of residual biogenic carbon. Here, we report the detailed characterization and catalytic conversion of a CFP wastewater stream with the ultimate aim to improve overall biomass utilization within a thermochemical biorefinery. An aqueous stream derived from CFP of beech wood was comprehensively characterized, quantifying 53 organic compounds to a total of 17% organics. The most abundant classes of compounds are acids, aldehydes, and alcohols. The most abundant components identified in the aqueous stream were C1-C2 organics, comprising 6.40% acetic acid, 2.16% methanol, and 1.84% formaldehyde on wet basis. The CFP aqueous stream was catalytically upgraded to olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons using a Ga/HZSM-5 catalyst at 500 degrees C. When the conversion yield of the upgraded products was measured with fresh, active catalyst, 33% of the carbon in the aqueous stream was recovered as aromatic hydrocarbons and 29% as olefins. The majority of the experiments were conducted using a molecular beam mass spectrometer and separate GC-MS/FID experiments were used tomore »« less

Authors:

Starace, Anne K. ^[1]; Black, Brenna A. ^[1]; Lee, David D. ^[1]; Palmiotti, Elizabeth C. ^[1]; Orton, Kellene A. ^[1]; Michener, William E. ^[1]; ten Dam, Jeroen ^[2]; Watson, Michael J. ^[2];

^[1]; Magrini, Kimberly A. ^[1];

^[1]

National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Billingham, Cleveland (United Kingdom)

Publication Date:: 2017-10-23

Research Org.:: National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office

OSTI Identifier:: 1408085

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5100-70293
Journal ID: ISSN 2168-0485

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

Resource Type:: Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 5; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 2168-0485

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 09 BIOMASS FUELS; CFP AQUEOUS STREAMS; WASTEWATER TREATMENT; HZSM-5; COPRODUCTS; COKE FORMATION

Citation Formats


                    Starace, Anne K., Black, Brenna A., Lee, David D., Palmiotti, Elizabeth C., Orton, Kellene A., Michener, William E., ten Dam, Jeroen, Watson, Michael J., Beckham, Gregg T., Magrini, Kimberly A., and Mukarakate, Calvin. Characterization and Catalytic Upgrading of Aqueous Stream Carbon from Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
        Web.  doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03344.

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                    Starace, Anne K., Black, Brenna A., Lee, David D., Palmiotti, Elizabeth C., Orton, Kellene A., Michener, William E., ten Dam, Jeroen, Watson, Michael J., Beckham, Gregg T., Magrini, Kimberly A., & Mukarakate, Calvin. Characterization and Catalytic Upgrading of Aqueous Stream Carbon from Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03344

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                    Starace, Anne K., Black, Brenna A., Lee, David D., Palmiotti, Elizabeth C., Orton, Kellene A., Michener, William E., ten Dam, Jeroen, Watson, Michael J., Beckham, Gregg T., Magrini, Kimberly A., and Mukarakate, Calvin. Mon .  
        "Characterization and Catalytic Upgrading of Aqueous Stream Carbon from Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03344.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1408085.

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@article{osti_1408085,

  title        = {Characterization and Catalytic Upgrading of Aqueous Stream Carbon from Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass},

  author       = {Starace, Anne K. and Black, Brenna A. and Lee, David D. and Palmiotti, Elizabeth C. and Orton, Kellene A. and Michener, William E. and ten Dam, Jeroen and Watson, Michael J. and Beckham, Gregg T. and Magrini, Kimberly A. and Mukarakate, Calvin},

  abstractNote = {Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of biomass produces a liquid product consisting of organic and aqueous streams. The organic stream is typically slated for hydrotreating to produce hydrocarbon biofuels, while the aqueous stream is considered a waste stream, resulting in the loss of residual biogenic carbon. Here, we report the detailed characterization and catalytic conversion of a CFP wastewater stream with the ultimate aim to improve overall biomass utilization within a thermochemical biorefinery. An aqueous stream derived from CFP of beech wood was comprehensively characterized, quantifying 53 organic compounds to a total of 17% organics. The most abundant classes of compounds are acids, aldehydes, and alcohols. The most abundant components identified in the aqueous stream were C1-C2 organics, comprising 6.40% acetic acid, 2.16% methanol, and 1.84% formaldehyde on wet basis. The CFP aqueous stream was catalytically upgraded to olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons using a Ga/HZSM-5 catalyst at 500 degrees C. When the conversion yield of the upgraded products was measured with fresh, active catalyst, 33% of the carbon in the aqueous stream was recovered as aromatic hydrocarbons and 29% as olefins. The majority of the experiments were conducted using a molecular beam mass spectrometer and separate GC-MS/FID experiments were used to confirm the assignments and quantification of products with fresh excess catalyst. The recovered 62% carbon in the form of olefins and aromatics can be used to make coproducts and/or fuels potentially improving biorefinery economics and sustainability. Spent catalysts were collected after exposure to varying amounts of the feed, and were characterized using multipoint-Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) adsorption, ammonia temperature programmed desorption (TPD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to monitor deactivation of Ga/HZSM-5. These characterization data revealed that deactivation was caused by coke deposits, which blocked access to active sites of the catalyst and spent catalysts regained total activity after regeneration.},

  doi          = {10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03344},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1408085},
  journal      = {ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering},

  issn         = {2168-0485},

  number       = 12,

  volume       = 5,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2017},

  month        = {10}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03344

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Valorization of aqueous waste streams from thermochemical biorefineries
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Driving towards cost-competitive biofuels through catalytic fast pyrolysis by rethinking catalyst selection and reactor configuration
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https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ee01872c

Deoxygenation of Stearic Acid over Cobalt-Based NaX Zeolite Catalysts
journal, January 2019

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Catalysts, Vol. 9, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9010042

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Title: Characterization and Catalytic Upgrading of Aqueous Stream Carbon from Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass

Abstract

Citation Formats

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