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Title: Hybrid Encapsulated Ionic Liquids for Post-Combustion Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture

Abstract

Ionic liquids (ILs) and Phase Change Ionic Liquids (PCILs) are excellent materials for selective removal of carbon dioxide from dilute post-combustion streams. However, they are typically characterized as having high viscosities, which impairs their effectiveness due to mass transfer limitations, caused by the high viscosities. In this project, we are examining the benefits of encapsulating ILs and PCILs in thin polymeric shells to produce particles of approximately 100 to 600 µm in diameter that can be used in a fluidized bed absorber. The particles are produced by microencapsulation of the ILs and PCILs in CO2-permeable polymer shells. Here we report on the encapsulation of the IL and PCIL materials, thermodynamic testing of the encapsulated materials, mass transfer measurements in both a fluidized bed and a packed bed, determination of the effect of impurities (SO2, NOx and water) on the free and encapsulated IL and PCIL, recyclability of the CO2 uptake, selection and synthesis of kg quantities of the IL and PCIL, identification of scale-up methods for encapsulation and production of a kg quantity of the PCIL, construction and shakedown of the laboratory scale unit to test the encapsulated particles for CO2 capture ability and efficiency, use of our mass transfermore » model to predict mass transfer and identify optimal properties of the encapsulated particles, and initial testing of the encapsulated particles in the laboratory scale unit. We also show our attempts at developing shell materials that are resistant to water permeation. Overall, we have shown that the selected IL and PCIL can be successfully encapsulated in polymer shells and the methods scaled up to production levels. The IL/PCIL and encapsulated IL/PCIL react irreversibly with SO2 and NOx so the CO2 capture unit would need to be placed after the flue gas desulfurization and NOx reduction units. However, the reaction with CO2 in the presence of water is completely reversible. Therefore, it is not necessary to exclude water from the capsules. Mass transfer in the fluidized and packed beds confirm that the fluidized bed arrangement is preferred and that the mass transfer can be predicted accurately by the rate based model that we have developed. Absorption and desorption experiments in the laboratory scale unit show good uptake and recyclability.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [3]
  1. Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
  2. Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
  3. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)
Contributing Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
OSTI Identifier:
1406897
DOE Contract Number:  
FE0026465
Resource Type:
Other
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Carbon Capture; Ionic Liquids; Phase Change Ionic Liquids; Encapsulation

Citation Formats

Brennecke, Joan F, Degnan, Jr, Thomas Francis, McCready, Mark J., Stadtherr, Mark A., Stolaroff, Joshua K, and Ye, Congwang. Hybrid Encapsulated Ionic Liquids for Post-Combustion Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture. United States: N. p., 2017. Web.
Brennecke, Joan F, Degnan, Jr, Thomas Francis, McCready, Mark J., Stadtherr, Mark A., Stolaroff, Joshua K, & Ye, Congwang. Hybrid Encapsulated Ionic Liquids for Post-Combustion Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture. United States.
Brennecke, Joan F, Degnan, Jr, Thomas Francis, McCready, Mark J., Stadtherr, Mark A., Stolaroff, Joshua K, and Ye, Congwang. 2017. "Hybrid Encapsulated Ionic Liquids for Post-Combustion Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture". United States. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1406897.
@article{osti_1406897,
title = {Hybrid Encapsulated Ionic Liquids for Post-Combustion Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture},
author = {Brennecke, Joan F and Degnan, Jr, Thomas Francis and McCready, Mark J. and Stadtherr, Mark A. and Stolaroff, Joshua K and Ye, Congwang},
abstractNote = {Ionic liquids (ILs) and Phase Change Ionic Liquids (PCILs) are excellent materials for selective removal of carbon dioxide from dilute post-combustion streams. However, they are typically characterized as having high viscosities, which impairs their effectiveness due to mass transfer limitations, caused by the high viscosities. In this project, we are examining the benefits of encapsulating ILs and PCILs in thin polymeric shells to produce particles of approximately 100 to 600 µm in diameter that can be used in a fluidized bed absorber. The particles are produced by microencapsulation of the ILs and PCILs in CO2-permeable polymer shells. Here we report on the encapsulation of the IL and PCIL materials, thermodynamic testing of the encapsulated materials, mass transfer measurements in both a fluidized bed and a packed bed, determination of the effect of impurities (SO2, NOx and water) on the free and encapsulated IL and PCIL, recyclability of the CO2 uptake, selection and synthesis of kg quantities of the IL and PCIL, identification of scale-up methods for encapsulation and production of a kg quantity of the PCIL, construction and shakedown of the laboratory scale unit to test the encapsulated particles for CO2 capture ability and efficiency, use of our mass transfer model to predict mass transfer and identify optimal properties of the encapsulated particles, and initial testing of the encapsulated particles in the laboratory scale unit. We also show our attempts at developing shell materials that are resistant to water permeation. Overall, we have shown that the selected IL and PCIL can be successfully encapsulated in polymer shells and the methods scaled up to production levels. The IL/PCIL and encapsulated IL/PCIL react irreversibly with SO2 and NOx so the CO2 capture unit would need to be placed after the flue gas desulfurization and NOx reduction units. However, the reaction with CO2 in the presence of water is completely reversible. Therefore, it is not necessary to exclude water from the capsules. Mass transfer in the fluidized and packed beds confirm that the fluidized bed arrangement is preferred and that the mass transfer can be predicted accurately by the rate based model that we have developed. Absorption and desorption experiments in the laboratory scale unit show good uptake and recyclability.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1406897}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Nov 03 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Fri Nov 03 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}