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Title: Multi-level regulation of the chloroplast ATP synthase: the chloroplast NADPH thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) is required for redox modulation specifically under low irradiance

Journal Article · · The Plant Journal
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13226· OSTI ID:1437167
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [1]
  1. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab.
  2. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab.
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Summary The chloroplast ATP synthase is known to be regulated by redox modulation of a disulfide bridge on the γ‐subunit through the ferredoxin–thioredoxin regulatory system. We show that a second enzyme, the recently identified chloroplast NADPH thioredoxin reductase C ( NTRC ), plays a role specifically at low irradiance. Arabidopsis mutants lacking NTRC ( ntrc ) displayed a striking photosynthetic phenotype in which feedback regulation of the light reactions was strongly activated at low light, but returned to wild‐type levels as irradiance was increased. This effect was caused by an altered redox state of the γ‐subunit under low, but not high, light. The low light‐specific decrease in ATP synthase activity in ntrc resulted in a buildup of the thylakoid proton motive force with subsequent activation of non‐photochemical quenching and downregulation of linear electron flow. We conclude that NTRC provides redox modulation at low light using the relatively oxidizing substrate NADPH , whereas the canonical ferredoxin–thioredoxin system can take over at higher light, when reduced ferredoxin can accumulate. Based on these results, we reassess previous models for ATP synthase regulation and propose that NTRC is most likely regulated by light. We also find that ntrc is highly sensitive to rapidly changing light intensities that probably do not involve the chloroplast ATP synthase, implicating this system in multiple photosynthetic processes, particularly under fluctuating environmental conditions.

Research Organization:
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
FG02-91ER20021
OSTI ID:
1437167
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1400765
Journal Information:
The Plant Journal, Vol. 87, Issue 6; ISSN 0960-7412
Publisher:
Society for Experimental BiologyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 64 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (5)

Efficient photosynthesis in dynamic light environments: a chloroplast's perspective journal October 2019
Photosynthetic activity of cotyledons is critical during post-germinative growth and seedling establishment journal September 2017
High-value biomass from microalgae production platforms: strategies and progress based on carbon metabolism and energy conversion journal August 2018
Chloroplast ATP Synthase Modulation of the Thylakoid Proton Motive Force: Implications for Photosystem I and Photosystem II Photoprotection journal May 2017
Physiological and Transcriptome Analyses of Early Leaf Senescence for ospls1 Mutant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) during the Grain-Filling Stage journal March 2019

Figures / Tables (5)

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Figure 4(p. 44)figure Figure 4
Figure 5(p. 45)figure Figure 5

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Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ATP synthase
NADPH thioredoxin reductase C
photosynthesis
redox regulation
proton motiveforce
Arabidopsis thaliana