Energy consumption analysis of constant voltage and constant current operations in capacitive deionization
Abstract
Here we report our studies to compare energy consumption of a CDI cell in constant voltage (CV) and constant current (CC) operations, with a focus on understanding the underlying physics of consumption patterns. The comparison is conducted under conditions that the CV and CC operations result in the same amounts of input charge and within identical charging phase durations. We present two electrical circuit models to simulate energy consumption in charging phase: one is a simple RC circuit model, and the other a transmission line circuit model. We built and tested a CDI cell to validate the transmission line model, and performed a series of experiments to compare CV versus CC operation under the condition of equal applied charge and charging duration. The experiments show that CC mode consumes energy at 33.8 kJ per mole of ions removed, which is only 28% of CV mode energy consumption (120.6 kJ/mol), but achieves similar level of salt removals. Lastly, together, the models and experiment support our major conclusion that CC is more energy efficient than CV for equal charge and charging duration. The models also suggest that the lower energy consumption of CC in charging is due to its lower resistive dissipation.
- Authors:
-
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Electrical Engineering
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH (United States)
- Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1341989
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1396557
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-694380
Journal ID: ISSN 0011-9164
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-07NA27344; 15-ERD-068
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Desalination
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 400; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0011-9164
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; Capacitive deionization; Energy consumption; Constant current and constant voltage
Citation Formats
Qu, Yatian, Campbell, Patrick G., Gu, Lei, Knipe, Jennifer M., Dzenitis, Ella, Santiago, Juan G., and Stadermann, Michael. Energy consumption analysis of constant voltage and constant current operations in capacitive deionization. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2016.09.014.
Qu, Yatian, Campbell, Patrick G., Gu, Lei, Knipe, Jennifer M., Dzenitis, Ella, Santiago, Juan G., & Stadermann, Michael. Energy consumption analysis of constant voltage and constant current operations in capacitive deionization. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.09.014
Qu, Yatian, Campbell, Patrick G., Gu, Lei, Knipe, Jennifer M., Dzenitis, Ella, Santiago, Juan G., and Stadermann, Michael. 2016.
"Energy consumption analysis of constant voltage and constant current operations in capacitive deionization". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.09.014. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1341989.
@article{osti_1341989,
title = {Energy consumption analysis of constant voltage and constant current operations in capacitive deionization},
author = {Qu, Yatian and Campbell, Patrick G. and Gu, Lei and Knipe, Jennifer M. and Dzenitis, Ella and Santiago, Juan G. and Stadermann, Michael},
abstractNote = {Here we report our studies to compare energy consumption of a CDI cell in constant voltage (CV) and constant current (CC) operations, with a focus on understanding the underlying physics of consumption patterns. The comparison is conducted under conditions that the CV and CC operations result in the same amounts of input charge and within identical charging phase durations. We present two electrical circuit models to simulate energy consumption in charging phase: one is a simple RC circuit model, and the other a transmission line circuit model. We built and tested a CDI cell to validate the transmission line model, and performed a series of experiments to compare CV versus CC operation under the condition of equal applied charge and charging duration. The experiments show that CC mode consumes energy at 33.8 kJ per mole of ions removed, which is only 28% of CV mode energy consumption (120.6 kJ/mol), but achieves similar level of salt removals. Lastly, together, the models and experiment support our major conclusion that CC is more energy efficient than CV for equal charge and charging duration. The models also suggest that the lower energy consumption of CC in charging is due to its lower resistive dissipation.},
doi = {10.1016/j.desal.2016.09.014},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1341989},
journal = {Desalination},
issn = {0011-9164},
number = C,
volume = 400,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Sep 21 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Wed Sep 21 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
Web of Science
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