Nanostructured complex oxides as a route towards thermal behavior in artificial spin ice systems
Abstract
Here, we have used soft x-ray photoemission electron microscopy to image the magnetization of single-domain La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanoislands arranged in geometrically frustrated configurations such as square ice and kagome ice geometries. Upon thermal randomization, ensembles of nanoislands with strong interisland magnetic coupling relax towards low-energy configurations. Statistical analysis shows that the likelihood of ensembles falling into low-energy configurations depends strongly on the annealing temperature. Annealing to just below the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic film (TC = 338 K) allows for a much greater probability of achieving low-energy configurations as compared to annealing above the Curie temperature. At this thermally active temperature of 325 K, the ensemble of ferromagnetic nanoislands explore their energy landscape over time and eventually transition to lower energy states as compared to the frozen-in configurations obtained upon cooling from above the Curie temperature. Thus, this materials system allows for a facile method to systematically study thermal evolution of artificial spin ice arrays of nanoislands at temperatures modestly above room temperature.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1394557
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1368429
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725; AC02-05CH11231; DMR 1411250
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 1; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2475-9953
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Chopdekar, Rajesh V., Li, Binzhi, Wynn, Thomas A., Lee, Michael S., Jia, Y., Liu, Zhiqi, Biegalski, Michael D., Retterer, Scott T., Young, Anthony T., Scholl, Andreas, and Takamura, Y. Nanostructured complex oxides as a route towards thermal behavior in artificial spin ice systems. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.024401.
Chopdekar, Rajesh V., Li, Binzhi, Wynn, Thomas A., Lee, Michael S., Jia, Y., Liu, Zhiqi, Biegalski, Michael D., Retterer, Scott T., Young, Anthony T., Scholl, Andreas, & Takamura, Y. Nanostructured complex oxides as a route towards thermal behavior in artificial spin ice systems. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.024401
Chopdekar, Rajesh V., Li, Binzhi, Wynn, Thomas A., Lee, Michael S., Jia, Y., Liu, Zhiqi, Biegalski, Michael D., Retterer, Scott T., Young, Anthony T., Scholl, Andreas, and Takamura, Y. 2017.
"Nanostructured complex oxides as a route towards thermal behavior in artificial spin ice systems". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.024401. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1394557.
@article{osti_1394557,
title = {Nanostructured complex oxides as a route towards thermal behavior in artificial spin ice systems},
author = {Chopdekar, Rajesh V. and Li, Binzhi and Wynn, Thomas A. and Lee, Michael S. and Jia, Y. and Liu, Zhiqi and Biegalski, Michael D. and Retterer, Scott T. and Young, Anthony T. and Scholl, Andreas and Takamura, Y.},
abstractNote = {Here, we have used soft x-ray photoemission electron microscopy to image the magnetization of single-domain La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanoislands arranged in geometrically frustrated configurations such as square ice and kagome ice geometries. Upon thermal randomization, ensembles of nanoislands with strong interisland magnetic coupling relax towards low-energy configurations. Statistical analysis shows that the likelihood of ensembles falling into low-energy configurations depends strongly on the annealing temperature. Annealing to just below the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic film (TC = 338 K) allows for a much greater probability of achieving low-energy configurations as compared to annealing above the Curie temperature. At this thermally active temperature of 325 K, the ensemble of ferromagnetic nanoislands explore their energy landscape over time and eventually transition to lower energy states as compared to the frozen-in configurations obtained upon cooling from above the Curie temperature. Thus, this materials system allows for a facile method to systematically study thermal evolution of artificial spin ice arrays of nanoislands at temperatures modestly above room temperature.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.024401},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1394557},
journal = {Physical Review Materials},
issn = {2475-9953},
number = 2,
volume = 1,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Wed Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Direct observation of the ice rule in an artificial kagome spin ice
journal, March 2008
- Qi, Yi; Brintlinger, T.; Cumings, John
- Physical Review B, Vol. 77, Issue 9
Building blocks of an artificial kagome spin ice: Photoemission electron microscopy of arrays of ferromagnetic islands
journal, October 2008
- Mengotti, E.; Heyderman, L. J.; Fraile Rodríguez, A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 78, Issue 14
Effective Temperature in an Interacting Vertex System: Theory and Experiment on Artificial Spin Ice
journal, July 2010
- Nisoli, Cristiano; Li, Jie; Ke, Xianglin
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 4
Magnetic pyrochlore oxides
journal, January 2010
- Gardner, Jason S.; Gingras, Michel J. P.; Greedan, John E.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 82, Issue 1
Crystallites of magnetic charges in artificial spin ice
journal, August 2013
- Zhang, Sheng; Gilbert, Ian; Nisoli, Cristiano
- Nature, Vol. 500, Issue 7464
Direct observation of magnetic monopole defects in an artificial spin-ice system
journal, April 2010
- Ladak, S.; Read, D. E.; Perkins, G. K.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 5
Thermal ground-state ordering and elementary excitations in artificial magnetic square ice
journal, November 2010
- Morgan, Jason P.; Stein, Aaron; Langridge, Sean
- Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Fragmentation of magnetism in artificial kagome dipolar spin ice
journal, May 2016
- Canals, Benjamin; Chioar, Ioan-Augustin; Nguyen, Van-Dai
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Cryogenic PEEM at the Advanced Light Source
journal, October 2012
- Doran, Andrew; Church, Matthew; Miller, Tom
- Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 185, Issue 10
Real and effective thermal equilibrium in artificial square spin ices
journal, January 2013
- Morgan, Jason P.; Akerman, Johanna; Stein, Aaron
- Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 2
X-ray photoemission electron microscopy, a tool for the investigation of complex magnetic structures (invited)
journal, March 2002
- Scholl, Andreas; Ohldag, Hendrik; Nolting, Frithjof
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 73, Issue 3
Oxygen nonstoichiometry and defect equilibrium in the perovskite-type oxides La1−xSrxMnO3+d
journal, April 2000
- Mizusaki, J.
- Solid State Ionics, Vol. 129, Issue 1-4
Tuning Magnetic Domain Structure in Nanoscale La 0.7 Sr 0.3 MnO 3 Islands
journal, June 2006
- Takamura, Yayoi; Chopdekar, Rajesh V.; Scholl, Andreas
- Nano Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 6
Artificial ‘spin ice’ in a geometrically frustrated lattice of nanoscale ferromagnetic islands
journal, January 2006
- Wang, R. F.; Nisoli, C.; Freitas, R. S.
- Nature, Vol. 439, Issue 7074
Antiferromagnetic Domain Reconfiguration in Embedded LaFeO 3 Thin Film Nanostructures
journal, November 2010
- Folven, Erik; Tybell, Thomas; Scholl, Andreas
- Nano Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 11
Thermalized ground state of artificial kagome spin ice building blocks
journal, September 2012
- Arnalds, Unnar B.; Farhan, Alan; Chopdekar, Rajesh V.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 11
Colloquium : Artificial spin ice: Designing and imaging magnetic frustration
journal, October 2013
- Nisoli, Cristiano; Moessner, Roderich; Schiffer, Peter
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 85, Issue 4
Exploring hyper-cubic energy landscapes in thermally active finite artificial spin-ice systems
journal, May 2013
- Farhan, A.; Derlet, P. M.; Kleibert, A.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 6
Spin Ice State in Frustrated Magnetic Pyrochlore Materials
journal, November 2001
- Bramwell, S. T.
- Science, Vol. 294, Issue 5546
Melting artificial spin ice
journal, March 2012
- Kapaklis, Vassilios; Arnalds, Unnar B.; Harman-Clarke, Adam
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 3
Colossal magnetoresistive manganites
journal, October 1999
- Tokura, Y.; Tomioka, Y.
- Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 200, Issue 1-3
Tailoring Spin Textures in Complex Oxide Micromagnets
journal, September 2016
- Lee, Michael S.; Wynn, Thomas A.; Folven, Erik
- ACS Nano, Vol. 10, Issue 9
Artificial ferroic systems: novel functionality from structure, interactions and dynamics
journal, August 2013
- Heyderman, L. J.; Stamps, R. L.
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 25, Issue 36
as a material for studying thermally active artificial spin ice systems
journal, June 2015
- Drisko, Jasper; Daunheimer, Stephen; Cumings, John
- Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 22
Magnetic anisotropy of ferromagnetic La0.7(Sr, Ca)0.3MnO3 epitaxial films
journal, September 1999
- Steenbeck, K.; Hiergeist, R.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 75, Issue 12
Works referencing / citing this record:
Effects of Nearly-2D Oxygen Vacancy Clustering on the Magnetic Properties of d 0 Systems: The Case of Anatase and Rutile TiO 2
journal, August 2018
- Drera, Giovanni; Mozzati, Maria C.; Malavasi, Lorenzo
- physica status solidi (b), Vol. 255, Issue 10
Advances in artificial spin ice
journal, November 2019
- Skjærvø, Sandra H.; Marrows, Christopher H.; Stamps, Robert L.
- Nature Reviews Physics, Vol. 2, Issue 1
Reconfigurable lateral anionic heterostructures in oxide thin films via lithographically defined topochemistry
journal, July 2019
- Lefler, Benjamin M.; Duchoň, Tomáš; Karapetrov, Goran
- Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 7