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Title: CCN activity and organic hygroscopicity of aerosols downwind of an urban region in central Amazonia: Seasonal and diel variations and impact of anthropogenic emissions

Journal Article · · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-251· OSTI ID:1392225
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  1. Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Environmental and Climate Science Dept.
  2. Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). School of Enginering and Applied Sciences
  3. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Cooperative Inst. for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)
  4. Univ. of Sao Paulo (Brazil). Physics Inst.
  5. Max Planck Society, Mainz (Germany). Max Planck Inst. for Chemistry, Biogeochemistry and Multiphase Chemistry Depts.
  6. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  7. National Inst. of Amazonian Research, Manaus (Brazil)
  8. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
  9. Amazonas State Univ., Manaus (Brazil)
  10. Max Planck Society, Mainz (Germany). Max Planck Inst. for Chemistry, Biogeochemistry and Multiphase Chemistry Depts. ; Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Scripps Institution of Oceanography
  11. Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). School of Enginering and Applied Sciences, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences

During the Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) campaign, size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) spectra were characterized at a research site (T3) 60km downwind of the city of Manaus, Brazil, in central Amazonia for one year (12 March 2014 to 3 March 2015). Particle hygroscopicity (κCCN) and mixing state were derived from the size-resolved CCN spectra, and the hygroscopicity of the organic component of the aerosol (κorg) was then calculated from κCCN and concurrent chemical composition measurements. The annual average κCCN increased from 0.13 at 75 nm to 0.17 at 171 nm, and the increase was largely due to an increase in sulfate volume fraction. Also, during both wet and dry seasons, κCCN, κorg, and particle composition under background conditions exhibited essentially no diel variations. The constant κorg of ~0.15 is consistent with the largely uniform and high O:C value (~0.8), indicating that the aerosols under background conditions are dominated by the aged regional aerosol particles consisting of highly oxygenated organic compounds. For air masses strongly influenced by urban pollution and/or local biomass burning, lower values of κorg and organic O:C atomic ratio were observed during night, due to accumulation of freshly emitted particles, dominated by primary organic aerosol (POA) with low hygroscopicity, within a shallow nocturnal boundary layer. The O:C, κorg, and κCCN increased from the early morning hours and peaked around noon, driven by the formation and aging of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and dilution of POA emissions into a deeper boundary layer, while the development of the boundary layer, which leads to mixing with aged particles from the residual layer aloft, likely also contributed to the increases. The hygroscopicities associated with individual organic factors, derived from PMF analysis of AMS spectra, were estimated through multi-variable linear regression. For the SOA factors, the variation of the κ value with O:C agrees well with the linear relationship reported from earlier laboratory studies of SOA hygroscopicity. On the other hand, the variation in O:C of ambient aerosol organics is largely driven by the variation in the volume fractions of POA and SOA factors, which have very different O:C values. As POA factors have hygroscopicity values well below the linear relationship between SOA hygroscopicity and O:C, mixtures with different POA and SOA fractions exhibit a steeper slope for the increase of κorg with O:C, as observed during this and earlier field studies. Our finding helps better understand and reconcile the differences in the relationships between κorg and O:C observed in laboratory and field studies, therefore providing a basis for improved parameterization in global models, especially in a tropical context.

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012704
OSTI ID:
1392225
Report Number(s):
BNL-114223-2017-JA; R&D Project: 2016-BNL-EE630EECA-Budg; KP1701000
Journal Information:
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 19; ISSN 1680-7316
Publisher:
European Geosciences UnionCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Organosulfates in aerosols downwind of an urban region in central Amazon journal January 2018
Substantial convection and precipitation enhancements by ultrafine aerosol particles journal January 2018
Ground-based observation of clusters and nucleation-mode particles in the Amazon journal January 2018
Organic aerosol in the summertime southeastern United States: components and their link to volatility distribution, oxidation state and hygroscopicity journal January 2018
Overview: Precipitation characteristics and sensitivities to environmental conditions during GoAmazon2014/5 and ACRIDICON-CHUVA journal January 2018
Aerosol characteristics and particle production in the upper troposphere over the Amazon Basin journal January 2018
Relative-humidity-dependent organic aerosol thermodynamics via an efficient reduced-complexity model journal January 2019
Effects of NO2 and C3H6 on the heterogeneous oxidation of SO2 on TiO2 in the presence or absence of UV–Vis irradiation journal January 2019
Cloud condensation nuclei activity of six pollenkitts and the influence of their surface activity journal January 2019
Diurnal variation and size dependence of the hygroscopicity of organic aerosol at a forest site in Wakayama, Japan: their relationship to CCN concentrations journal January 2019
Contributions of biomass-burning, urban, and biogenic emissions to the concentrations and light-absorbing properties of particulate matter in central Amazonia during the dry season journal January 2019
Significant source of secondary aerosol: formation from gasoline evaporative emissions in the presence of SO 2 and NH 3 journal January 2019
Understanding atmospheric aerosol particles with improved particle identification and quantification by single-particle mass spectrometry journal January 2019
Concept for an electrostatic focusing device for continuous ambient pressure aerosol concentration journal January 2019
Long-term observations of cloud condensation nuclei over the Amazon rain forest – Part 2: Variability and characteristics of biomass burning, long-range transport, and pristine rain forest aerosols journal January 2018
Distinct diurnal variation in organic aerosol hygroscopicity and its relationship with oxygenated organic aerosol journal January 2020
Aerosol characteristics and particle production in the upper troposphere over the Amazon Basin text January 2018
Understanding atmospheric aerosol particles with improved particle identification and quantification by single-particle mass spectrometry text January 2019
The Green Ocean: precipitation insights from the GoAmazon2014/5 experiment journal January 2018
Urban influence on the concentration and composition of submicron particulate matter in central Amazonia journal January 2018
Cloud droplet activation of secondary organic aerosol is mainly controlled by molecular weight, not water solubility journal January 2019
Hygroscopicity of urban aerosols and its link to size-resolved chemical composition during spring and summer in Seoul, Korea journal October 2020
Large contribution of organics to condensational growth and formation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the remote marine boundary layer journal January 2020
The friagem event in the central Amazon and its influence on micrometeorological variables and atmospheric chemistry journal January 2021

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