Structural phase transformation and Fe valence evolution in FeOxF2-x/C nanocomposite electrodes during lithiation and de-lithiation processes

Sina, M.; Nam, K. -W.; Su, D.; Pereira, N.; Yang, X. -Q.; Amatucci, G. G.; Cosandey, F.

doi:10.1039/C3TA12109G

Title: Structural phase transformation and Fe valence evolution in FeOxF2-x/C nanocomposite electrodes during lithiation and de-lithiation processes

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2013 · Journal of Materials Chemistry. A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C3TA12109G· OSTI ID:1382483

Sina, M.; Nam, K. -W.; Su, D.; Pereira, N.; Yang, X. -Q.; Amatucci, G. G.; Cosandey, F.

In this study, the structural changes of FeOxF2-x/C during the first discharge and recharge cycles were studied by ex situ electron microscopy techniques including annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (DF-STEM) imaging, selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) as well as by in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The evolution of the valence state of Fe was determined by combined EELS using the Fe-L edge and XAS using the Fe-K edge. The results of this investigation show that the conversion reaction path during 1st lithiation is very different from the re-conversion path during 1st delithiation. During lithiation, intercalation is first observed followed by conversion into a lithiated rocksalt (Li–Fe–O–F) structure, and metallic Fe and LiF phases. During delithiation, the rocksalt phase does not disappear, but co-exists with an amorphous (rutile type) phase formed initially by the reaction of LiF and Fe. However, a de-intercalation stage is still observed at the end of reconversion similar to a single phase process despite the coexistence of these two (rocksalt and amorphous) phases.

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Research Organization:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Northeastern Center for Chemical Energy Storage (NECCES)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

DOE Contract Number:: SC0001294

OSTI ID:: 1382483

Journal Information:: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Vol. 1, Issue 38; Related Information: NECCES partners with Stony Brook University (lead); Argonne National Laboratory; Binghamton University; Brookhaven National University; University of California, San Diego; University of Cambridge, UK; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; University of Michigan; Rutgers University; ISSN 2050-7488

Publisher:: Royal Society of Chemistry

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Structural phase transformation and Fe valence evolution in FeOxF2-x/C nanocomposite electrodes during lithiation and de-lithiation processes

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