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Title: Modelling jets, tori and flares in pulsar wind nebulae

Journal Article · · Space Science Reviews
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8]
  1. Institute for Theoretical Physics, Frankfurt am Main (Germany)
  2. DESY, Zeuthen (Germany)
  3. Univ. degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto F.no (Firenze) (Italy); INFN - Sezione di Firenze, Sesto F.no (Firenze) (Italy); INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Firenze (Italy)
  4. Univ. of Leeds, Leeds (United Kingdom)
  5. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  6. Univ. degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto F.no (Firenze) (Italy); INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Firenze (Italy)
  7. Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
  8. Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

In this contribution we review the recent progress in the modelling of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWN). We start with a brief overview of the relevant physical processes in the magnetosphere, the wind-zone and the inflated nebula bubble. Radiative signatures and particle transport processes obtained from 3D simulations of PWN are discussed in the context of optical and X-ray observations. We then proceed to consider particle acceleration in PWN and elaborate on what can be learned about the particle acceleration from the dynamical structures called GwispsG observed in the Crab nebula. We also discuss recent observational and theoretical results of gamma-ray flares and the inner knot of the Crab nebula, which had been proposed as the emission site of the flares. Here, we extend the discussion to GeV flares from binary systems in which the pulsar wind interacts with the stellar wind from a companion star. The chapter concludes with a discussion of solved and unsolved problems posed by PWN.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515; 610058; TEONGRAV; Fisica dei plasmi relativistici: toeria e appli- cazioni moderne; Research Fellowship; NNX14AH35G; 1411920; 1455342
OSTI ID:
1369251
Journal Information:
Space Science Reviews, Vol. 207, Issue 1-4; ISSN 0038-6308
Publisher:
SpringerCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 19 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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The variability of the Crab nebula in radio: no radio counterpart to gamma-ray flares text January 2015
Simulating gamma-ray binaries with a relativistic extension of RAMSES text January 2013
The imprint of pulsar parameters on the morphology of Pulsar Wind Nebulae text January 2016
The axisymmetric pulsar magnetosphere conference January 2001
Solution to the Sigma Problem of Pulsar wind Nebulae journal January 2014
Activity in the Crab Nebula text January 1968
The termination shock in a striped pulsar wind journal January 2005
Modeling interaction of relativistic and nonrelativistic winds in binary system PSR 1259-63/SS2883. I.Hydrodynamical limit text January 2007
Pulsar Wind Nebulae in the Chandra Era text January 2008
High-Altitude Emission from Pulsar Slot Gaps: The Crab Pulsar text January 2008
Asymptotic structure of Poynting dominated jets text January 2009
3D Models of Radiatively Driven Colliding Winds In Massive O+O Star Binaries: I. Hydrodynamics text January 2009
Simultaneous multiwavelength observations of the second exceptional gamma-ray flare of PKS 2155-304 in July 2006 text January 2009
Optical and infrared observations of the Crab Pulsar and its nearby knot text January 2009
Modeling the three-dimensional pair cascade in binaries. Application to LS 5039 text January 2010
The Crab Nebula as a standard candle in very high-energy astrophysics text January 2010
Discovery of Powerful Gamma-Ray Flares from the Crab Nebula text January 2011
Discovery of extended and variable radio structure from the gamma-ray binary system PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 text January 2011
A New TeV Binary: The Discovery of an Orbital Period in HESS J0632+057 text January 2011
A magnetar-like event from LS I +61 303 and its nature as a gamma-ray binary text January 2011
Unraveling the high-energy emission components of gamma-ray binaries text January 2012
Simulations of particle acceleration beyond the classical synchrotron burnoff limit in magnetic reconnection: An explanation of the Crab flares text January 2013
Simulating gamma-ray binaries with a relativistic extension of RAMSES text January 2013
Three-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Crab Nebula text January 2013
The theory of pulsar wind nebulae text January 2013
NuSTAR study of Hard X-Ray Morphology and Spectroscopy of PWN G21.5-0.9 text January 2014
Measurement of the Crab Nebula spectrum over three decades in energy with the MAGIC telescopes text January 2014
Particle acceleration in axisymmetric pulsar current sheets text January 2014
Relativistic magnetic reconnection in pair plasmas and its astrophysical applications text January 2014
Broadband X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar with NuSTAR text January 2015
Three-dimensional Analytical Description of Magnetised Winds from Oblique Pulsars text January 2015
Probing the nature of the TeV gamma-ray binary HESS J0632+057 by monitoring Be disk variability text January 2015
Physical properties of the gamma-ray binary LS 5039 through low and high frequency radio observations text January 2015
Diffusion in Pulsar Wind Nebulae: An Investigation using Magnetohydrodynamic and Particle Transport Models text January 2016
Signatures of high energy protons in pulsar winds text January 2003
Dissipation in Poynting-flux Dominated Flows: the Sigma-Problem of the Crab Pulsar Wind text January 2003
Constraints on pulsar magnetospheric and wind parameters for the compact nebulae of Vela and PSR B1706-44 text January 2003
The Variable Jet of the Vela Pulsar text January 2003
General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Jet Formation and Large-Scale Propagation from Black Hole Accretion Systems text January 2006
Simulated synchrotron emission from Pulsar Wind Nebulae text January 2006
3.9 day orbital modulation in the TeV gamma-ray flux and spectrum from the X-ray binary LS 5039 text January 2006
Heating and Non-thermal Particle Acceleration in Relativistic, Transverse Magnetosonic Shock Waves in Proton-Electron-Positron Plasmas text January 2006
Instability of toroidal magnetic field in jets and plerions text January 1997

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Brightening X-Ray/Optical/Radio Emission of GW170817/SGRB 170817A: Evidence for an Electron–Positron Wind from the Central Engine? journal March 2018
Observational diversity of magnetized neutron stars journal September 2019
Interpreting Crab Nebula synchrotron spectrum: two acceleration mechanisms text January 2018

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