Milky Way tomography with K and M dwarf stars: The vertical structure of the galactic disk

Ferguson, Deborah; Gardner, Susan; Yanny, Brian

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa77fd

Title: Milky Way tomography with K and M dwarf stars: The vertical structure of the galactic disk

Journal Article · Fri Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa77fd· OSTI ID:1365572

Ferguson, Deborah ^[1]; Gardner, Susan ^[2]; Yanny, Brian ^[3]

Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States)
Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States); Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Here, we use the number density distributions of K and M dwarf stars with vertical height from the Galactic disk, determined using observations from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), to probe the structure of the Milky Way disk across the survey's footprint. Using photometric parallax as a distance estimator we analyze a sample of several million disk stars in matching footprints above and below the Galactic plane, and we determine the location and extent of vertical asymmetries in the number counts in a variety of thin and thick disk subsamples in regions of some 200 square degrees within 2 kpc in vertical distance from the Galactic disk. These disk asymmetries present wave-like features as previously observed on other scales and distances from the Sun. We additionally explore the scale height of the disk and the implied offset of the Sun from the Galactic plane at different locations, noting that the scale height of the disk can differ significantly when measured using stars only above or only below the plane. Moreover, we compare the shape of the number density distribution in the north for different latitude ranges with a fixed range in longitude and find the shape to be sensitive to the selected latitude window. We explain why this may be indicative of a change in stellar populations in the compared latitude regions, possibly allowing access to the systematic metallicity difference between thin and thick disk populations through photometry.

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Research Organization:: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Contributing Organization:: DES

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359

OSTI ID:: 1365572

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-17-187-AE; 1607147

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 843, Issue 2; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 22 works

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The wobbly Galaxy: kinematics north and south with RAVE red clump giants Williams, M. E. K.; Steinmetz, M.; Binney, J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1302.2468	text	January 2013
The Stellar Number Density Distribution in the Local Solar Neighborhood is North-South Asymmetric Yanny, Brian; Gardner, Susan arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1309.2300	text	January 2013
Exploring the Milky Way stellar disk. A detailed elemental abundance study of 714 F and G dwarf stars in the Solar neighbourhood Bensby, T.; Feltzing, S.; Oey, M. S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1309.2631	text	January 2013
Substructure in bulk velocities of Milky Way disk stars Carlin, Jeffrey L.; DeLaunay, James; Newberg, Heidi Jo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1309.6314	text	January 2013
Chemical Cartography with APOGEE: Large-scale Mean Metallicity Maps of the Milky Way Hayden, Michael R.; Holtzman, Jon A.; Bovy, Jo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1311.4569	text	January 2013
The Besancon Galaxy model renewed I. Constraints on the local star formation history from Tycho data Czekaj, M. A.; Robin, A. C.; Figueras, F. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1402.3257	text	January 2014
Bending and Breathing Modes of the Galactic Disk Widrow, Lawrence M.; Barber, Jarrett; Chequers, Matthew H. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1404.4069	text	January 2014
New Galactic embedded clusters and candidates from a WISE Survey Camargo, Denilso; Bica, Eduardo; Bonatto, Charles arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1406.3099	text	January 2014
The morphology of the Milky Way - I. Reconstructing CO maps from simulations in fixed potentials Pettitt, Alex R.; Dobbs, Clare L.; Acreman, David M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1406.4150	text	January 2014
Constraining the thick disc formation scenario of the Milky Way Robin, A. C.; Reyle, C.; Fliri, J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1406.5384	text	January 2014
Discovery of two embedded clusters with WISE in the high Galactic latitude cloud HRK 81.4-77.8 Camargo, Denilso; Bica, Eduardo; Bonatto, Charles arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1501.03707	text	January 2015
Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters Collaboration, Planck; Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1502.01589	text	January 2015
A re-interpretation of the Triangulum-Andromeda stellar clouds: a population of halo stars kicked out of the Galactic disk Price-Whelan, Adrian M.; Johnston, Kathryn V.; Sheffield, Allyson A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1503.08780	text	January 2015
Tracing the Galactic spiral structure with embedded clusters Camargo, Denilso; Bonatto, Charles; Bica, Eduardo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1505.01829	text	January 2015
The vertical effects of disc non-axisymmetries from perturbation theory: the case of the Galactic bar Monari, Giacomo; Famaey, Benoit; Siebert, Arnaud arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1505.07456	text	January 2015
A fully cosmological model of a Monoceros-like ring Gómez, Facundo A.; White, Simon D. M.; Marinacci, Federico arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1509.08459	text	January 2015
Modelling the Galactic disc: perturbed distribution functions in the presence of spiral arms Monari, Giacomo; Famaey, Benoit; Siebert, Arnaud arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1601.04714	text	January 2016
New detections of embedded clusters in the Galactic halo Camargo, Denilso; Bica, Eduardo; Bonatto, Charles arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1607.00672	text	January 2016
The Ghost of Sagittarius and Lumps in the Halo of the Milky Way Newberg, Heidi Jo; Yanny, Brian; Rockosi, Constance M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0111095	text	January 2001
Origin of Radially Increasing Stellar Scaleheight in a Galactic Disk Narayan, Chaitra A.; Jog, Chanda J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0207453	text	January 2002
Evidence for coupling between the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy and the Milky Way warp Bailin, Jeremy arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0301014	text	January 2003
The Spiral Structure of the Outer Milky Way in Hydrogen Levine, E. S.; Blitz, Leo; Heiles, Carl arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0605728	text	January 2006
Cats and Dogs, Hair and A Hero: A Quintet of New Milky Way Companions Belokurov, V.; Zucker, D. B.; Evans, N. W. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0608448	text	January 2006
An Improved Photometric Calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Imaging Data Padmanabhan, N.; Schlegel, D. J.; Finkbeiner, D. P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0703454	text	January 2007
The Damping and Excitation of Galactic Warps by Dynamical Friction Nelson, Robert W.; Tremaine, Scott arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9408068	text	January 1994
Where are the missing galactic satellites? Klypin, Anatoly A.; Kravtsov, Andrey V.; Valenzuela, Octavio arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9901240	text	January 1999

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A homogeneous sample of 34 000 M7−M9.5 dwarfs brighter than J = 17.5 with accurate spectral types Ahmed, S.; Warren, S. J. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 623 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834591	journal	March 2019
Testing gravity with wide binary stars like α Centauri Banik, Indranil; Zhao, Hongsheng Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 480, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2007	journal	July 2018
Origin of the Local Group satellite planes Banik, Indranil; O’Ryan, David; Zhao, Hongsheng Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 477, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty919	journal	April 2018
How to Constrain Your M Dwarf. II. The Mass–Luminosity–Metallicity Relation from 0.075 to 0.70 Solar Masses Mann, Andrew W.; Dupuy, Trent; Kraus, Adam L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 871, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf3bc	journal	January 2019
The Gaia –ESO Survey: Carbon Abundance in the Galactic Thin and Thick Disks Franchini, Mariagrazia; Morossi, Carlo; Di Marcantonio, Paolo The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 888, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab5dc4	journal	January 2020
The Gaia-ESO Survey: Carbon Abundance in the Galactic Thin and Thick Disks Franchini, Mariagrazia; Morossi, Carlo; Di Marcantonio, Paolo Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.54538	text	January 2020

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