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Title: Soil mycorrhizal and nematode diversity vary in response to bioenergy crop identity and fertilization

Journal Article · · Global Change Biology. Bioenergy
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12460· OSTI ID:1364458
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. University of Louisville, Louisville KY USA
  2. University of New Mexico, Albuquerque NM USA
  3. W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners MI USA

Abstract The mandate by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 to increase renewable fuel production in the USA has resulted in extensive research into the sustainability of perennial bioenergy crops such as switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum ) and miscanthus ( Miscanthus× giganteus ). Perennial grassland crops have been shown to support greater aboveground biodiversity and ecosystem function than annual crops. However, management considerations, such as what crop to plant or whether to use fertilizer, may alter belowground diversity and ecosystem functioning associated with these grasslands as well. In this study, we compared crop type (switchgrass or miscanthus) and nitrogen fertilization effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal ( AMF ) and soil nematode abundance, activity, and diversity in a long‐term experiment. We quantified AMF root colonization, AMF extra‐radical hyphal length, soil glomalin concentrations, AMF richness and diversity, plant‐parasitic nematode abundance, and nematode family richness and diversity in each treatment. Mycorrhizal activity and diversity were higher with switchgrass than with miscanthus, leading to higher potential soil carbon contributions via increased hyphal growth and glomalin production. Plant‐parasitic nematode ( PPN ) abundance was 2.3 ×  higher in miscanthus plots compared to switchgrass, mostly due to increases in dagger nematodes ( Xiphinema) . The higher PPN abundance in miscanthus may be a consequence of lower AMF in this species, as AMF can provide protection against PPN through a variety of mechanisms. Nitrogen fertilization had minor negative effects on AMF and nematode diversity associated with these crops. Overall, we found that crop type and fertilizer application associated with perennial bioenergy cropping systems can have detectable effects on the diversity and composition of soil communities, which may have important consequences for the ecosystem services provided by these systems.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
Grant/Contract Number:
ACO5-76RL01830; FC02-07ER64494; DEB 1637653; 2015-67020-23184
OSTI ID:
1364458
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1364459
Journal Information:
Global Change Biology. Bioenergy, Journal Name: Global Change Biology. Bioenergy; ISSN 1757-1693
Publisher:
WileyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 25 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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