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Title: Soft X-ray spectroscopy of nanoparticles by velocity map imaging

Abstract

Velocity map imaging (VMI), a technique traditionally used to study chemical dynamics in the gas phase, is applied to study X-ray photoemission from aerosol nanoparticles. Soft X-rays from the Advanced Light Source synchrotron, probe a beam of nanoparticles, and the resulting photoelectrons are velocity mapped to obtain their kinetic energy distributions. A new design of the VMI spectrometer is described. The spectrometer is benchmarked by measuring vacuum ultraviolet photoemission from gas phase xenon and squalene nanoparticles followed by measurements using soft X-rays. It is demonstrated that the photoelectron distribution from X-ray irradiated squalene nanoparticles is dominated by secondary electrons. By scanning the photon energies and measuring the intensities of these secondary electrons, a near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectrum is obtained. The NEXAFS technique is used to obtain spectra of aqueous nanoparticles at the oxygen K edge. By varying the position of the aqueous nanoparticle beam relative to the incident X-ray beam, evidence is presented such that the VMI technique allows for NEXAFS spectroscopy of water in different physical states. Finally, we discuss the possibility of applying VMI methods to probe liquids and solids via X-ray spectroscopy.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Chemical Sciences Division
  2. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Chemical Sciences Division; Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1454494
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1361864
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; DGE-1106400
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Chemical Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 147; Journal Issue: 1; Related Information: © 2017 U.S. Government.; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-9606
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; 74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS; nanoparticles; photons; x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; electrodes; water vapor; aerosols; x-ray absorption near edge strucutre; electron spectrometers; x-ray spectrometers; secondary emission

Citation Formats

Kostko, O., Xu, B., Jacobs, M. I., and Ahmed, M. Soft X-ray spectroscopy of nanoparticles by velocity map imaging. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4982822.
Kostko, O., Xu, B., Jacobs, M. I., & Ahmed, M. Soft X-ray spectroscopy of nanoparticles by velocity map imaging. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4982822
Kostko, O., Xu, B., Jacobs, M. I., and Ahmed, M. 2017. "Soft X-ray spectroscopy of nanoparticles by velocity map imaging". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4982822. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1454494.
@article{osti_1454494,
title = {Soft X-ray spectroscopy of nanoparticles by velocity map imaging},
author = {Kostko, O. and Xu, B. and Jacobs, M. I. and Ahmed, M.},
abstractNote = {Velocity map imaging (VMI), a technique traditionally used to study chemical dynamics in the gas phase, is applied to study X-ray photoemission from aerosol nanoparticles. Soft X-rays from the Advanced Light Source synchrotron, probe a beam of nanoparticles, and the resulting photoelectrons are velocity mapped to obtain their kinetic energy distributions. A new design of the VMI spectrometer is described. The spectrometer is benchmarked by measuring vacuum ultraviolet photoemission from gas phase xenon and squalene nanoparticles followed by measurements using soft X-rays. It is demonstrated that the photoelectron distribution from X-ray irradiated squalene nanoparticles is dominated by secondary electrons. By scanning the photon energies and measuring the intensities of these secondary electrons, a near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectrum is obtained. The NEXAFS technique is used to obtain spectra of aqueous nanoparticles at the oxygen K edge. By varying the position of the aqueous nanoparticle beam relative to the incident X-ray beam, evidence is presented such that the VMI technique allows for NEXAFS spectroscopy of water in different physical states. Finally, we discuss the possibility of applying VMI methods to probe liquids and solids via X-ray spectroscopy.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4982822},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1454494}, journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
issn = {0021-9606},
number = 1,
volume = 147,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri May 05 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Fri May 05 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Size-dependent ion emission asymmetry of free NaCl nanoparticles excited by intense femtosecond laser pulses
journal, January 2019


Fundamental understanding of chemical processes in extreme ultraviolet resist materials
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Enabling liquid vapor analysis using synchrotron VUV single photon ionization mass spectrometry with a microfluidic interface
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Velocity map imaging of inelastic and elastic low energy electron scattering in organic nanoparticles
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