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Title: When evolution is the solution to pollution: Key principles, and lessons from rapid repeated adaptation of killifish ( Fundulus heteroclitus ) populations

Journal Article · · Evolutionary Applications
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12470· OSTI ID:1353288
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [5]
  1. Department of Environmental Toxicology University of California Davis Davis CA USA
  2. Atlantic Ecology Division National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education US Environmental Protection Agency Narragansett RI USA
  3. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
  4. Department of Biology Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA USA, Superfund Research Program Boston University Boston MA USA
  5. Atlantic Ecology Division National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development US Environmental Protection Agency Narragansett RI USA

Abstract For most species, evolutionary adaptation is not expected to be sufficiently rapid to buffer the effects of human‐mediated environmental changes, including environmental pollution. Here we review how key features of populations, the characteristics of environmental pollution, and the genetic architecture underlying adaptive traits, may interact to shape the likelihood of evolutionary rescue from pollution. Large populations of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) persist in some of the most contaminated estuaries of the United States, and killifish studies have provided some of the first insights into the types of genomic changes that enable rapid evolutionary rescue from complexly degraded environments. We describe how selection by industrial pollutants and other stressors has acted on multiple populations of killifish and posit that extreme nucleotide diversity uniquely positions this species for successful evolutionary adaptation. Mechanistic studies have identified some of the genetic underpinnings of adaptation to a well‐studied class of toxic pollutants; however, multiple genetic regions under selection in wild populations seem to reflect more complex responses to diverse native stressors and/or compensatory responses to primary adaptation. The discovery of these pollution‐adapted killifish populations suggests that the evolutionary influence of anthropogenic stressors as selective agents occurs widely. Yet adaptation to chemical pollution in terrestrial and aquatic vertebrate wildlife may rarely be a successful “solution to pollution” because potentially adaptive phenotypes may be complex and incur fitness costs, and therefore be unlikely to evolve quickly enough, especially in species with small population sizes.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0014664
OSTI ID:
1353288
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1353289; OSTI ID: 1625870
Journal Information:
Evolutionary Applications, Journal Name: Evolutionary Applications Vol. 10 Journal Issue: 8; ISSN 1752-4571
Publisher:
Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 72 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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