skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Low-Cost High-Energy Potassium Cathode

Journal Article · · Journal of the American Chemical Society
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b12598· OSTI ID:1352429

Potassium has as rich an abundance as sodium in the earth, but the development of a K-ion battery is lagging behind because of the higher mass and larger ionic size of K+ than that of Li+ and Na+, which makes it difficult to identify a high-voltage and high-capacity intercalation cathode host. Here we propose a cyanoperovskite KxMnFe(CN)6 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) as a potassium cathode: high-spin MnIII/MnII and low-spin FeIII/FeII couples have similar energies and exhibit two close plateaus centered at 3.6 V; two active K+ per formula unit enable a theoretical specific capacity of 156 mAh g-1; Mn and Fe are the two most-desired transition metals for electrodes because they are cheap and environmental friendly. As a powder prepared by an inexpensive precipitation method, the cathode delivers a specific capacity of 142 mAh g-1. Lastly, the observed voltage, capacity, and its low cost make it competitive in large-scale electricity storage applications.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-06NA25396l; SC0005397; CBET-1438007; 7223523
OSTI ID:
1352429
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-17-20899
Journal Information:
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 139, Issue 6; ISSN 0002-7863
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 379 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (20)

A Superior Low-Cost Cathode for a Na-Ion Battery journal January 2013
Removal of Interstitial H 2 O in Hexacyanometallates for a Superior Cathode of a Sodium-Ion Battery journal February 2015
Liquid K-Na Alloy Anode Enables Dendrite-Free Potassium Batteries journal September 2016
High-Capacity Aqueous Potassium-Ion Batteries for Large-Scale Energy Storage journal October 2016
Carbon Electrodes for K-Ion Batteries journal September 2015
Potassium intercalation into graphite to realize high-voltage/high-power potassium-ion batteries and potassium-ion capacitors journal November 2015
Electrochemical Insertion of Sodium into Carbon journal January 1993
The Emerging Chemistry of Sodium Ion Batteries for Electrochemical Energy Storage journal February 2015
Origin of low sodium capacity in graphite and generally weak substrate binding of Na and Mg among alkali and alkaline earth metals journal March 2016
Hard Carbon Microspheres: Potassium-Ion Anode Versus Sodium-Ion Anode journal November 2015
Rational surface modification of Mn3O4 nanoparticles to induce multiple photoluminescence and room temperature ferromagnetism journal January 2013
Sodium storage in Na-rich Na x FeFe(CN) 6 nanocubes journal March 2015
Highly Crystallized Na 2 CoFe(CN) 6 with Suppressed Lattice Defects as Superior Cathode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries journal February 2016
The Solvation of Anions in Propylene Carbonate journal May 2015
Lattice contractions and expansions accompanying the electrochemical conversions of Prussian blue and the reversible and irreversible insertion of rubidium and thallium ions journal April 1996
Manganese hexacyanomanganate open framework as a high-capacity positive electrode material for sodium-ion batteries journal October 2014
Ring-opening polymerization of propylene oxide by double metal cyanide catalysts prepared by reacting CoCl2 with various metal cyanide salts journal September 2014
Nanostructured materials for advanced energy conversion and storage devices journal May 2005
Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries journal October 2004
Electrolytes and Interphases in Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond journal October 2014

Cited By (91)

Mesoporous Carbon‐Coated Bismuth Nanorods as Anode for Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal June 2019
An Ultrafast and Highly Stable Potassium-Organic Battery journal October 2018
Red Phosphorus Potassium‐Ion Battery Anodes journal February 2019
A vanadium-based metal–organic phosphate framework material K 2 [(VO) 2 (HPO 4 ) 2 (C 2 O 4 )] as a cathode for potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
Passivation of aluminum current collectors in non-aqueous carbonate solutions containing sodium or potassium hexafluorophosphate salts journal January 2019
Advancements and Challenges in Potassium Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Review journal January 2020
Investigation of Potassium Storage in Layered P3-Type K 0.5 MnO 2 Cathode journal August 2017
Low-Cost K 4 Fe(CN) 6 as a High-Voltage Cathode for Potassium-Ion Batteries journal March 2018
KVP 2 O 7 as a Robust High-Energy Cathode for Potassium-Ion Batteries: Pinpointed by a Full Screening of the Inorganic Registry under Specific Search Conditions journal January 2018
Bismuth Microparticles as Advanced Anodes for Potassium-Ion Battery journal March 2018
K-Birnessite Electrode Obtained by Ion Exchange for Potassium-Ion Batteries: Insight into the Concerted Ionic Diffusion and K Storage Mechanism journal October 2018
Safe, Low‐Cost, Fast‐Kinetics and Low‐Strain Inorganic‐Open‐Framework Anode for Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal November 2019
A Large Scalable and Low‐Cost Sulfur/Nitrogen Dual‐Doped Hard Carbon as the Negative Electrode Material for High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal July 2019
MXene‐Based Dendrite‐Free Potassium Metal Batteries journal November 2019
Room-Temperature Liquid Na-K Anode Membranes journal October 2018
Enhanced K-ion kinetics in a layered cathode for potassium ion batteries journal January 2019
Superior potassium storage in natural O/N–doped hard carbon derived from maple leaves journal April 2019
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides as promising anodes for potassium ion batteries from first-principles prediction journal January 2019
Layered P2-Type K 0.65 Fe 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 Microspheres as Superior Cathode for High-Energy Potassium-Ion Batteries journal May 2018
A first-principles study of potassium insertion in crystalline vanadium oxide phases as possible potassium-ion battery cathode materials journal October 2017
Short-Range Order in Mesoporous Carbon Boosts Potassium-Ion Battery Performance journal October 2017
Recent Progress in Rechargeable Potassium Batteries journal September 2018
Size‐, Water‐, and Defect‐Regulated Potassium Manganese Hexacyanoferrate with Superior Cycling Stability and Rate Capability for Low‐Cost Sodium‐Ion Batteries journal August 2019
A highly-effective nitrogen-doped porous carbon sponge electrode for advanced K–Se batteries journal January 2020
Ultrafast Aqueous Potassium‐Ion Batteries Cathode for Stable Intermittent Grid‐Scale Energy Storage journal June 2018
Hexaazatriphenylene-based polymer cathode for fast and stable lithium-, sodium- and potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
Reversible facile Rb + and K + ions de/insertion in a KTiOPO 4 -type RbVPO 4 F cathode material journal January 2018
Carbonyl-based polyimide and polyquinoneimide for potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
Metal-organic frameworks and their derived materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion: Promises and challenges journal December 2017
Prepotassiated V 2 O 5 as the Cathode Material for High‐Voltage Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal September 2019
Promise and Challenge of Phosphorus in Science, Technology, and Application journal September 2018
Electrochemical Analysis of the Mechanism of Potassium‐Ion Insertion into K‐rich Prussian Blue Materials journal February 2020
Building aqueous K-ion batteries for energy storage journal May 2019
Aluminum Chloride-Graphite Batteries with Flexible Current Collectors Prepared from Earth-Abundant Elements journal January 2018
Graphene oxide-wrapped dipotassium terephthalate hollow microrods for enhanced potassium storage journal January 2018
Graphite Anode for a Potassium‐Ion Battery with Unprecedented Performance journal June 2019
Fabrication of Porous Carbon with Controllable Nitrogen Doping as Anode for High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal July 2019
P2‐K 0.75 [Ni 1/3 Mn 2/3 ]O 2 Cathode Material for High Power and Long Life Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal January 2020
Rechargeable potassium-ion batteries with honeycomb-layered tellurates as high voltage cathodes and fast potassium-ion conductors journal September 2018
Capillary Encapsulation of Metallic Potassium in Aligned Carbon Nanotubes for Use as Stable Potassium Metal Anodes journal June 2019
Sulfur/Oxygen Codoped Porous Hard Carbon Microspheres for High-Performance Potassium-Ion Batteries journal March 2018
A potassium-rich iron hexacyanoferrate/dipotassium terephthalate@carbon nanotube composite used for K-ion full-cells with an optimized electrolyte journal January 2017
Utilizing an autogenously protective atmosphere to synthesize a Prussian white cathode with ultrahigh capacity-retention for potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
Investigation of Alkali‐Ion (Li, Na, and K) Intercalation in K x VPO 4 F ( x ∼ 0) Cathode journal June 2019
Potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate/graphene as a high-performance cathode for potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
A three-dimensional macroporous antimony@carbon composite as a high-performance anode material for potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
A Dual-Carbon Battery Based on Potassium-Ion Electrolyte journal July 2017
Towards K-Ion and Na-Ion Batteries as “Beyond Li-Ion” journal February 2018
Investigation of the Prussian Blue Analog Co 3 [Co(CN) 6 ] 2 as an Anode Material for Nonaqueous Potassium-Ion Batteries journal June 2018
Recent Progress and Perspective in Electrode Materials for K-Ion Batteries journal December 2017
A High-Energy-Density Potassium Battery with a Polymer-Gel Electrolyte and a Polyaniline Cathode journal April 2018
Chemical Properties, Structural Properties, and Energy Storage Applications of Prussian Blue Analogues journal March 2019
A novel highly crystalline Fe 4 (Fe(CN) 6 ) 3 concave cube anode material for Li-ion batteries with high capacity and long life journal January 2019
A small-molecule organic cathode with fast charge–discharge capability for K-ion batteries journal January 2019
Constructing a 3D compact sulfur host based on carbon-nanotube threaded defective Prussian blue nanocrystals for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries journal January 2020
Recent progress in metal–organic polymers as promising electrodes for lithium/sodium rechargeable batteries journal January 2019
KMn 7.6 Co 0.4 O 16 nano-rod clusters with a high discharge specific capacity as cathode materials for potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
Polyanionic Compounds for Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal October 2018
Endowing CuTCNQ with a new role: a high-capacity cathode for K-ion batteries journal January 2018
Highly nitrogen doped carbon nanofibers with superior rate capability and cyclability for potassium ion batteries journal April 2018
Graphite Anode for a Potassium-Ion Battery with Unprecedented Performance journal June 2019
Prussian Blue Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries and Other Ion Batteries journal January 2018
Boosting potassium-ion batteries by few-layered composite anodes prepared via solution-triggered one-step shear exfoliation journal September 2018
Unlocking high capacities of graphite anodes for potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
A New Strategy for High-Voltage Cathodes for K-Ion Batteries: Stoichiometric KVPO 4 F journal July 2018
Review on Recent Advances of Cathode Materials for Potassium‐ion Batteries journal March 2020
Polydiaminoanthraquinones with tunable redox properties as high performance organic cathodes for K-ion batteries journal January 2019
Hierarchical T-Nb 2 O 5 nanostructure with hybrid mechanisms of intercalation and pseudocapacitance for potassium storage and high-performance potassium dual-ion batteries journal January 2018
Recent developments in electrode materials for potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
Manipulation of 2D carbon nanoplates with a core–shell structure for high-performance potassium-ion batteries journal January 2019
Layered Potassium Vanadate K 0.5 V 2 O 5 as a Cathode Material for Nonaqueous Potassium Ion Batteries journal May 2018
Electrochemical Exchange Reaction Mechanism and the Role of Additive Water to Stabilize the Structure of VOPO 4 ⋅2 H 2 O as a Cathode Material for Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal February 2019
Controllable nitrogen-doping of nanoporous carbons enabled by coordination frameworks journal January 2019
Encapsulating segment-like antimony nanorod in hollow carbon tube as long-lifespan, high-rate anodes for rechargeable K-ion batteries journal March 2019
Cathode Materials for Potassium-Ion Batteries: Current Status and Perspective journal October 2018
A K 2 Fe 4 O 7 superionic conductor for all-solid-state potassium metal batteries journal January 2018
Room-temperature liquid metal-based anodes for high-energy potassium-based electrochemical devices journal January 2018
Safe, Low‐Cost, Fast‐Kinetics and Low‐Strain Inorganic‐Open‐Framework Anode for Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal September 2019
Synthesis of Manganese-Based Prussian Blue Nanocubes with Organic Solvent as High-Performance Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Synthesis of Manganese-Based Prussian Blue Nanocubes with Organic Solvent as High-Performance Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries journal July 2019
A Nonaqueous Potassium-Based Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Device journal March 2018
Birnessite Nanosheet Arrays with High K Content as a High‐Capacity and Ultrastable Cathode for K‐Ion Batteries journal May 2019
High rate and long cycle life porous carbon nanofiber paper anodes for potassium-ion batteries journal January 2017
Highly reversible potassium-ion intercalation in tungsten disulfide journal January 2019
Electrolyte‐Regulated Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase Enables Long Cycle Life Performance in Organic Cathodes for Potassium‐Ion Batteries journal December 2018
SnO 2 as Advanced Anode of Alkali‐Ion Batteries: Inhibiting Sn Coarsening by Crafting Robust Physical Barriers, Void Boundaries, and Heterophase Interfaces for Superior Electrochemical Reaction Reversibility journal December 2019
Ammonium Vanadium Bronze as a Potassium-Ion Battery Cathode with High Rate Capability and Cyclability journal October 2018
A High-Energy-Density Potassium Battery with a Polymer-Gel Electrolyte and a Polyaniline Cathode journal April 2018
Aluminum Chloride-Graphite Batteries with Flexible Current Collectors Prepared from Earth-Abundant Elements text January 2018
Room-Temperature Liquid Na-K Anode Membranes journal October 2018
A fluoroxalate cathode material for potassium-ion batteries with ultra-long cyclability journal March 2020
Titanium-based potassium-ion battery positive electrode with extraordinarily high redox potential journal March 2020


Figures / Tables (4)


Similar Records

The Quest for Stable Potassium‐Ion Battery Chemistry
Journal Article · Fri Dec 10 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Advanced Materials · OSTI ID:1352429

Layered P2‐Type K 0.65 Fe 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 Microspheres as Superior Cathode for High‐Energy Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Journal Article · Wed May 30 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Advanced Functional Materials · OSTI ID:1352429

High-Voltage Potassium Hexacyanoferrate Cathode via High-Entropy and Potassium Incorporation for Stable Sodium-Ion Batteries
Journal Article · Tue Oct 31 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · ACS Nano · OSTI ID:1352429