Laboratory measurements of the K-shell transition energies in L-shell ions of Si and S [Energy measurements of K-shell transitions in L-shell ions of Si and S]

Hell, Natalie; Brown, G. V.; Wilms, J.; Grinberg, V.; Clementson, J.; Liedahl, D.; Porter, F. S.; Kelley, R. L.; Kilbourne, C. A.; Beiersdorfer, P.

doi:10.3847/0004-637X/830/1/26

Title: Laboratory measurements of the K-shell transition energies in L-shell ions of Si and S [Energy measurements of K-shell transitions in L-shell ions of Si and S]

Journal Article · Tue Oct 04 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/830/1/26· OSTI ID:1347670

^[1]; Brown, G. V. ^[2];

^[3];

^[4]; Clementson, J. ^[2]; Liedahl, D. ^[2]; Porter, F. S. ^[5]; Kelley, R. L. ^[5]; Kilbourne, C. A. ^[5];

^[2]

Univ. Erlangen-Numberg, Bamberg (Germany); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Univ. Erlangen-Numberg, Bamberg (Germany)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
NASA-GSFC, Greenbelt, MD (United States)

We have measured the energies of the strongest 1s–2$${\ell }\ ({\ell }={\rm{s}},{\rm{p}})$$ transitions in He- through Ne-like silicon and sulfur ions to an accuracy of $$\lt 1\,\mathrm{eV}$$ using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's electron beam ion traps, EBIT-I and SuperEBIT, and the NASA/GSFC EBIT Calorimeter Spectrometer (ECS). We identify and measure the energies of 18 and 21 X-ray features from silicon and sulfur, respectively. The results are compared to new Flexible Atomic Code calculations and to semi-relativistic Hartree–Fock calculations by Palmeri et al. (2008). These results will be especially useful for wind diagnostics in high-mass X-ray binaries, such as Vela X-1 and Cygnus X-1, where high-resolution spectral measurements using Chandra's high-energy transmission grating has made it possible to measure Doppler shifts of $$100\,\mathrm{km}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}$$. The accuracy of our measurements is consistent with that needed to analyze Chandra observations, exceeding Chandra's $$100\,\mathrm{km}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}$$ limit. Hence, the results presented here not only provide benchmarks for theory, but also accurate rest energies that can be used to determine the bulk motion of material in astrophysical sources. Finally, we show the usefulness of our results by applying them to redetermine Doppler shifts from Chandra observations of Vela X-1.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1347670

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-688670; TRN: US1701579

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 830, Issue 1; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 26 works

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Title: Laboratory measurements of the K-shell transition energies in L-shell ions of Si and S [Energy measurements of K-shell transitions in L-shell ions of Si and S]

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