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Title: Heterogeneous Nucleation and Growth of Barium Sulfate at Organic-Water Interfaces: Interplay between Surface Hydrophobicity and Ba2+ Adsorption

Journal Article · · Langmuir
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [1]
  1. Univ. of Houston, Houston, TX (United States)
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  3. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble (France)
  4. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble (France); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grenoble (France)
  5. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Barium sulfate (BaSO4) is a common scale-forming mineral in natural and engineered systems, yet the rates and mechanisms of heterogeneous BaSO4 nucleation are not understood. To address these, we created idealized interfaces on which to study heterogeneous nucleation rates and mechanisms, which also are good models for organic–water interfaces: self-assembled thin films terminated with different functional groups (i.e., -COOH, -SH, or mixed -SH & COOH) coated on glass slides. BaSO4 precipitation on coatings from Barite-supersaturated solutions (saturation index, SI, = 1.1) was investigated using grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering. After reaction for 1 h, a little amount of BaSO4 formed on hydrophilic bare and -COOH coated glasses. Meanwhile, BaSO4 nucleation was significantly promoted on hydrophobic -SH and mixed -SH & COOH coatings. This is because substrate hydrophobicity likely affected the interfacial energy and hence thermodynamic favorability of heterogeneous nucleation. The heterogeneous BaSO4 nucleation and growth kinetics were found to be affected by the amount of Ba2+ adsorption onto the substrate and incipient BaSO4 nuclei. The importance of Ba2+ adsorption was further corroborated by the finding that precipitation rate increased under [Ba2+]/[SO42–] concentration ratios >1. These observations suggest that thermodynamic favorability for nucleation is governed by substrate–water interfacial energy, while given favorable thermodynamics, the rate is governed by ion attachment to substrates and incipient nuclei.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1346634
Journal Information:
Langmuir, Vol. 32, Issue 21; ISSN 0743-7463
Publisher:
American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 37 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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