Tracking synthesis and turnover of triacylglycerol in leaves

Tjellstrom, Henrik; Strawsine, Merissa; Ohlrogge, John B.

doi:10.1093/jxb/eru500

Title: Tracking synthesis and turnover of triacylglycerol in leaves

Journal Article · Wed Jan 21 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Journal of Experimental Botany

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru500· OSTI ID:1343070

Tjellstrom, Henrik ^[1]; Strawsine, Merissa ^[1]; Ohlrogge, John B. ^[1]

Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center. Dept. of Plant Biology. Dept. of Energy

Triacylglycerol (TAG), typically represents <1% of leaf glycerolipids but can accumulate under stress and other conditions or if leaves are supplied with fatty acids, or in plants transformed with regulators or enzymes of lipid metabolism. To better understand the metabolism of TAG in leaves, pulse-chase radiolabelling experiments were designed to probe its synthesis and turnover. When Arabidopsis leaves were incubated with [¹⁴C]lauric acid (12:0), a major initial product was [¹⁴C]TAG. Thus, despite low steady-state levels, leaves possess substantial TAG biosynthetic capacity. The contributions of diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 and phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 to leaf TAG synthesis were examined by labelling of dgat1 and pdat1 mutants. The dgat1 mutant displayed a major (76%) reduction in [¹⁴C]TAG accumulation whereas pdat1 TAG labelling was only slightly reduced. Thus, DGAT1 has a principal role in TAG biosynthesis in young leaves. During a 4h chase period, radioactivity in TAG declined 70%, whereas the turnover of [¹⁴C]acyl chains of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and other polar lipids was much lower. Sixty percent of [¹⁴C]12:0 was directly incorporated into glycerolipids without modification, whereas 40% was elongated and desaturated to 16:0 and 18:1 by plastids. The unmodified [¹⁴C]12:0 and the plastid products of [¹⁴C]12:0 metabolism entered different pathways. Although plastid-modified ¹⁴C-labelled products accumulated in monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, PC, phosphatidylethanolamine, and diacylglcerol (DAG), there was almost no accumulation of [¹⁴C]16:0 and [¹⁴C]18:1 in TAG. Lastly, because DAG and acyl-CoA are direct precursors of TAG, the differential labelling of polar glycerolipids and TAG by [¹⁴C]12:0 and its plastid-modified products provides evidence for multiple subcellular pools of both acyl-CoA and DAG.

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Research Organization:: Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF); Swedish Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Sweden)

Grant/Contract Number:: FC02-07ER64494; DBI-0701919; 2009–664

OSTI ID:: 1343070

Journal Information:: Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 66, Issue 5; ISSN 0022-0957

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 47 works

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