Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei Fl284 and Fl285 in the Pu239,240+Ca48 reactions

Utyonkov, V. K.; Brewer, N. T.; Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Rykaczewski, K. P.; Abdullin, F. Sh.; Dmitriev, S. N.; Grzywacz, R. K.; Itkis, M. G.; Miernik, K.; Polyakov, A. N.; Roberto, J. B.; Sagaidak, R. N.; Shirokovsky, I. V.; Shumeiko, M. V.; Tsyganov, Yu. S.; Voinov, A. A.; Subbotin, V. G.; Sukhov, A. M.; Sabel'nikov, A. V.; Vostokin, G. K.; Hamilton, J. H.; Stoyer, M. A.; Strauss, S. Y.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034609

Title: Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei ${}^{284}{Fl}$ and ${}^{285}{Fl}$ in the ${}^{239, 240}{Pu} + {}^{48}{Ca}$ reactions

Abstract

In this study, irradiations of ²³⁹Pu and ²⁴⁰Pu targets with ⁴⁸Ca beams aimed at the synthesis of Z = 114 flerovium isotopes were performed at the Dubna Gas Filled Recoil Separator. A new spontaneously fissioning (SF) isotope ²⁸⁴Fl was produced for the first time in the ²⁴⁰Pu + ⁴⁸Ca (250 MeV) and ²³⁹Pu + ⁴⁸Ca (245 MeV) reactions. The cross section of the ²³⁹Pu (⁴⁸Ca , 3 n) ²⁸⁴Fl reaction channel was about 20 times lower than predicted by theoretical models and about 50 times lower than the maximum fusion-evaporation cross section for the 3 n and 4 n channels measured in the ²⁴⁴Pu + ⁴⁸Ca reaction. In the ²⁴⁰Pu + ⁴⁸Ca experiment, performed at 245 MeV in order to maximize the 3 n -evaporation channel, three decay chains of ²⁸⁵Fl were detected. The α -decay energy of ²⁸⁵Fl was measured for the first time and decay properties of its descendants ²⁸¹Cn , ²⁷⁷Ds , ²⁷³Hs , ²⁶⁹Sg, and ²⁶⁵Rf were determined with higher accuracy. The assignment of SF events observed during the irradiation of the ²⁴⁰Pu target with a 250 MeV ⁴⁸Ca beam to ²⁸⁴Fl decay is presented and discussed. The cross sections at both ⁴⁸Ca energies are similarmore »« less

Authors:

Utyonkov, V. K. ^[1]; Brewer, N. T. ^[2]; Oganessian, Yu. Ts. ^[1]; Rykaczewski, K. P. ^[2]; Abdullin, F. Sh. ^[1]; Dmitriev, S. N. ^[1]; Grzywacz, R. K. ^[3]; Itkis, M. G. ^[1]; Miernik, K. ^[4]; Polyakov, A. N. ^[1]; Roberto, J. B. ^[5]; Sagaidak, R. N. ^[1]; Shirokovsky, I. V. ^[1]; Shumeiko, M. V. ^[1]; Tsyganov, Yu. S. ^[1]; Voinov, A. A. ^[1]; Subbotin, V. G. ^[1]; Sukhov, A. M. ^[1]; Sabel'nikov, A. V. ^[1]; Vostokin, G. K. ^[1] more »

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russian Federation). Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Physics Division
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Physics Division; Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Physics Division; Univ. of Warsaw (Poland). Faculty of Physics
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Science and Technology Partnerships Directorate
Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States). Department of Physics and Astronomy
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States). Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division
Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States). Department of Physics

Publication Date:: 2015-09-15

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1339373

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC52-07NA27344; FG05-88ER40407

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Physical Review C, Nuclear Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 92; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0556-2813

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Utyonkov, V. K., Brewer, N. T., Oganessian, Yu. Ts., Rykaczewski, K. P., Abdullin, F. Sh., Dmitriev, S. N., Grzywacz, R. K., Itkis, M. G., Miernik, K., Polyakov, A. N., Roberto, J. B., Sagaidak, R. N., Shirokovsky, I. V., Shumeiko, M. V., Tsyganov, Yu. S., Voinov, A. A., Subbotin, V. G., Sukhov, A. M., Sabel'nikov, A. V., Vostokin, G. K., Hamilton, J. H., Stoyer, M. A., and Strauss, S. Y.. Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei Fl284 and Fl285 in the Pu239,240+Ca48 reactions.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
        Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034609.

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                    Utyonkov, V. K., Brewer, N. T., Oganessian, Yu. Ts., Rykaczewski, K. P., Abdullin, F. Sh., Dmitriev, S. N., Grzywacz, R. K., Itkis, M. G., Miernik, K., Polyakov, A. N., Roberto, J. B., Sagaidak, R. N., Shirokovsky, I. V., Shumeiko, M. V., Tsyganov, Yu. S., Voinov, A. A., Subbotin, V. G., Sukhov, A. M., Sabel'nikov, A. V., Vostokin, G. K., Hamilton, J. H., Stoyer, M. A., & Strauss, S. Y.. Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei Fl284 and Fl285 in the Pu239,240+Ca48 reactions.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034609

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                    Utyonkov, V. K., Brewer, N. T., Oganessian, Yu. Ts., Rykaczewski, K. P., Abdullin, F. Sh., Dmitriev, S. N., Grzywacz, R. K., Itkis, M. G., Miernik, K., Polyakov, A. N., Roberto, J. B., Sagaidak, R. N., Shirokovsky, I. V., Shumeiko, M. V., Tsyganov, Yu. S., Voinov, A. A., Subbotin, V. G., Sukhov, A. M., Sabel'nikov, A. V., Vostokin, G. K., Hamilton, J. H., Stoyer, M. A., and Strauss, S. Y.. 2015.  
        "Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei Fl284 and Fl285 in the Pu239,240+Ca48 reactions".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034609.

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@article{osti_1339373,

  title        = {Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei Fl284 and Fl285 in the Pu239,240+Ca48 reactions},

  author       = {Utyonkov, V. K. and Brewer, N. T. and Oganessian, Yu. Ts. and Rykaczewski, K. P. and Abdullin, F. Sh. and Dmitriev, S. N. and Grzywacz, R. K. and Itkis, M. G. and Miernik, K. and Polyakov, A. N. and Roberto, J. B. and Sagaidak, R. N. and Shirokovsky, I. V. and Shumeiko, M. V. and Tsyganov, Yu. S. and Voinov, A. A. and Subbotin, V. G. and Sukhov, A. M. and Sabel'nikov, A. V. and Vostokin, G. K. and Hamilton, J. H. and Stoyer, M. A. and Strauss, S. Y.},

  abstractNote = {In this study, irradiations of 239Pu and 240Pu targets with 48Ca beams aimed at the synthesis of Z = 114 flerovium isotopes were performed at the Dubna Gas Filled Recoil Separator. A new spontaneously fissioning (SF) isotope 284Fl was produced for the first time in the 240Pu + 48Ca (250 MeV) and 239Pu + 48Ca (245 MeV) reactions. The cross section of the 239Pu (48Ca , 3 n) 284Fl reaction channel was about 20 times lower than predicted by theoretical models and about 50 times lower than the maximum fusion-evaporation cross section for the 3 n and 4 n channels measured in the 244Pu + 48Ca reaction. In the 240Pu + 48Ca experiment, performed at 245 MeV in order to maximize the 3 n -evaporation channel, three decay chains of 285Fl were detected. The α -decay energy of 285Fl was measured for the first time and decay properties of its descendants 281Cn , 277Ds , 273Hs , 269Sg, and 265Rf were determined with higher accuracy. The assignment of SF events observed during the irradiation of the 240Pu target with a 250 MeV 48Ca beam to 284Fl decay is presented and discussed. The cross sections at both 48Ca energies are similar and exceed that observed in the reaction with the lighter isotope 239Pu by a factor of 10. Lastly, the decay properties of the synthesized nuclei and their production cross sections indicate a rapid decrease of stability of superheavy nuclei as the neutron number decreases from the predicted magic neutron number N = 184 .},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034609},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1339373},
  journal      = {Physical Review C, Nuclear Physics},

  issn         = {0556-2813},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 92,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2015},

  month        = {9}

}

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journal, June 2016

Thoennessen, M.
International Journal of Modern Physics E, Vol. 25, Issue 06
https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218301316300046

Review Of Even Element Super-Heavy Nuclei And Search For Element 120
text, January 2016

Hofmann, Sigurd; Heinz, S.; Grzywacz, R.
Zenodo
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.897925

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Title: Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei Fl 284 and Fl 285 in the Pu 239 , 240 + Ca 48 reactions

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Title: Experiments on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei ${}^{284}{Fl}$ and ${}^{285}{Fl}$ in the ${}^{239, 240}{Pu} + {}^{48}{Ca}$ reactions

Applications of digital pulse processing in nuclear spectroscopy
journal, May 2003

Simulation of angular and energy distributions for heavy evaporation residues using statistical model approximations and TRIM code
journal, February 2013

Fusion-fission and quasifission of superheavy systems with $Z = 110 - 116$ formed in ${}^{48}{Ca}$ -induced reactions
journal, November 2014

Spectroscopy of Element 115 Decay Chains
journal, September 2013

Synthesis of the isotope $^{282} 113$ in the ${}^{237}{Np} + {}^{48}{Ca}$ fusion reaction
journal, July 2007

$β$ decay of $^{71, 73}$ Co: Probing single-particle states approaching doubly magic $^{78}$ Ni
journal, March 2012

Experiments on the synthesis of element 115 in the reaction ${}^{243}{Am} ({}^{48}{Ca}, x n) {}^{291 - x}115$
journal, February 2004

Properties of the hypothetical spherical superheavy nuclei
journal, August 1997

Rare isotope discoveries with digital electronics
journal, August 2007

Some remarks on the error analysis in the case of poor statistics
journal, February 1984

Table of Superdeformed Nuclear Bands and Fission Isomers
journal, October 2002

Synthesis of superheavy nuclei: How accurately can we describe it and calculate the cross sections?
journal, December 2001

Measurements of cross sections for the fusion-evaporation reactions ${}^{244}{Pu} {({}^{48}{Ca}, x n)}^{292 - x} 114$ and ${}^{245}{Cm} {({}^{48}{Ca}, x n)}^{293 - x} 116$
journal, May 2004

Spontaneous-fission half-lives of deformed superheavy nuclei
journal, October 1995

New Superheavy Element Isotopes: ${}^{242}{Pu} ({}^{48}{Ca}, 5 n) {}^{285}1 14$
journal, October 2010

Nuclear properties according to the Thomas-Fermi model
journal, May 1996

Nuclear Ground-State Masses and Deformations
journal, March 1995

Shape coexistence and triaxiality in the superheavy nuclei
journal, February 2005

Super-heavy element research
journal, February 2015

Synthesis of superheavy nuclei: A search for new production reactions
journal, September 2008

Experimental studies of the $^{249}$ Bk + $^{48}$ Ca reaction including decay properties and excitation function for isotopes of element 117, and discovery of the new isotope $^{277}$ Mt
journal, May 2013

First superheavy element experiments at the GSI recoil separator TASCA: The production and decay of element 114 in the ${}^{244}{Pu}$ ( ${}^{48}{Ca}$ ,3-4 $n$ ) reaction
journal, May 2011

Fission barriers for even-even superheavy nuclei
journal, July 2010

Calculated masses of heaviest nuclei
journal, June 2003

Spontaneous Fission
journal, January 1995

Unexpected isotopic trends in synthesis of superheavy nuclei
journal, January 2004

Towards new proton radioactivities with radioactive beams and digital signal processing
journal, April 2002

Investigation of the $^{243} Am +^{48} Ca$ reaction products previously observed in the experiments on elements 113, 115, and 117
journal, January 2013

The Nubase2012 evaluation of nuclear properties
journal, December 2012

The Ame2012 atomic mass evaluation
journal, December 2012

The Ame2012 atomic mass evaluation
journal, December 2012

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journal, February 2009

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journal, February 2013

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journal, July 2014

Random probability analysis of recent 48Ca experiments
journal, June 2005

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journal, January 2012

Measurements of cross sections and decay properties of the isotopes of elements 112, 114, and 116 produced in the fusion reactions ${}^{233, 238}U$ , ${}^{242}{Pu}$ , and ${}^{248}{Cm} + {}^{48}{Ca}$
journal, December 2004

Fusion-fission dynamics of super-heavy element formation and decay
journal, April 2004

Random probability analysis of heavy-element data
journal, December 2000

α-decay properties of superheavy elements $Z = 113 − 125$ in the relativistic mean-field theory with vector self-coupling of ω meson
journal, May 2005

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conference, January 2004

Table of Superdeformed Nuclear Bands and Fission Isomers
journal, May 1996

Spontaneous fission
journal, October 1994

Spontaneous Fission
journal, December 1995

Spectroscopy of element 115 decay chains
text, January 2013

Influence of proton shell closure on the evaporation residue cross sections of superheavy nuclei
journal, February 2017

⁴⁸ Ca induced reactions for the synthesis of isotopes ^284–292 Fl
journal, November 2017

The predictive accuracy of analytical formulas and semiclassical approaches for α decay half-lives of superheavy nuclei
journal, January 2018

Nuclear fission: a review of experimental advances and phenomenology
journal, November 2017

Superheavy nuclei: from predictions to discovery
journal, January 2017

Correlations between neutrons and protons near the Fermi surface and $Q_{α}$ of superheavy nuclei
journal, January 2016

Multinucleon transfer in the ${}^{136}{Xe} + {}^{208}{Pb}$ reaction
journal, January 2016

Possibilities for synthesis of new isotopes of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions
journal, April 2016

Systematic study of probable projectile-target combinations for the synthesis of the superheavy nucleus ${}^{302}120$
journal, August 2016

Possibilities of production of transfermium nuclei in charged-particle evaporation channels
journal, October 2016

Synthesis of ${}^{292 - 303}119$ superheavy elements using Ca- and Ti-induced reactions
journal, September 2017

Neutron-deficient superheavy nuclei obtained in the ${}^{240}{Pu} + {}^{48}{Ca}$ reaction
journal, January 2018

Search for the heaviest atomic nuclei among the products from reactions of mixed-Cf with a ${}^{48}{Ca}$ beam
journal, August 2018

Effect of shell corrections on the $α$ -decay properties of ${}^{280 – 305}{Fl}$ isotopes
journal, September 2018

Isotopic trends of quasifission and fusion-fission in the reactions ${}^{48}{Ca} + {}^{239, 244}{Pu}$
journal, December 2018

A Detail Investigation on the Synthesis of Superheavy Element Z = 119
journal, November 2019

Remarks on the fission barriers of super-heavy nuclei
journal, April 2016

Review of even element super-heavy nuclei and search for element 120
journal, June 2016

Spontaneous fission properties of superheavy elements
journal, April 2017

Theoretical predictions for $\alpha$-decay properties of 283-339Og using a shell-effect induced generalized liquid-drop model
journal, September 2019

2015 Update of the discoveries of nuclides
journal, June 2016

Review Of Even Element Super-Heavy Nuclei And Search For Element 120
text, January 2016