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Title: Aerosol and monsoon climate interactions over Asia

Journal Article · · Reviews of Geophysics (1985)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2015RG000500· OSTI ID:1332381
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  1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and College of Global Change and Earth System ScienceBeijing Normal University Beijing China, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and ESSICUniversity of Maryland College Park Maryland USA
  2. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and ESSICUniversity of Maryland College Park Maryland USA
  3. Department of Atmospheric and Climate SciencesUniversity of California San Diego California USA
  4. Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
  5. National Climate CenterChina Meteorological Administration Beijing China
  6. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington USA
  7. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and College of Global Change and Earth System ScienceBeijing Normal University Beijing China
  8. Institute of Earth SciencesHebrew University Jerusalem Israel
  9. Geophysical Fluid Dynamic LaboratoryNOAA Princeton New Jersey USA
  10. Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA
  11. College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou University Lanzhou China
  12. Department of Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii USA, School of Atmospheric PhysicsNanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China
  13. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China
  14. Research Institute for Applied MechanicsKyushu University Fukuoka Japan
  15. School of Atmospheric PhysicsNanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China
  16. National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba Japan
  17. Space Physics LaboratoryVikram Sarabhai Space Centre Thiruvananthapuram India
  18. Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Hamburg Germany
+ Show Author Affiliations

Asian monsoons and aerosols have been studied extensively which are intertwined in influencing the climate of Asia. This paper provides a comprehensive review of ample studies on Asian aerosol, monsoon and their interactions. The region is the primary source of aerosol emissions of varies species, influenced by distinct weather and climatic regimes. On continental scale, aerosols reduce surface insolation and weaken the land-ocean thermal contrast, thus inhibiting the development of monsoons. Locally, aerosol radiative effects alter the thermodynamic stability and convective potential of the lower atmosphere leading to reduced temperatures, increased atmospheric stability, and weakened wind and atmospheric circulation. The atmospheric thermodynamic state may also be altered by the aerosol serving as cloud condensation nuclei or ice nuclei. Many mechanisms have been put forth regarding how aerosols modulate the amplitude, frequency, intensity, and phase of numerous monsoon climate variables. A wide range of theoretical, observational, and modeling findings on the Asian monsoon, aerosols, and their interactions are synthesized. A new paradigm is proposed on investigating aerosol-monsoon interactions, in which natural aerosols such as desert dust, black carbon from biomass burning, and biogenic aerosols from vegetation are considered integral components of an intrinsic aerosol-monsoon climate system, subject to external forcings of global warming, anthropogenic aerosols, and land use and change. Future research on aerosol-monsoon interactions calls for an integrated approach and international collaborations based on long-term sustained observations, process measurements, and improved models, as well as using observations to constrain model simulations and projections.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; National Basic Research Program on Global Change; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Science Foundation (NSF); NOAA
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830; 2013CB955804; 91544217; AGS1534670; NA15NWS4680011; SC0007171
OSTI ID:
1332381
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1332597; OSTI ID: 1343181
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-122179
Journal Information:
Reviews of Geophysics (1985), Journal Name: Reviews of Geophysics (1985) Vol. 54 Journal Issue: 4; ISSN 8755-1209
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 519 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Increases in aerosol concentrations over eastern China due to the decadal-scale weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon: INCREASE IN AEROSOL BY CHANGE OF MONSOON journal May 2012
Orographic effects on precipitating clouds journal January 2012
Estimates of the direct and indirect radiative forcing due to tropospheric aerosols: A review journal November 2000
Free tropospheric black carbon aerosol measurements using high altitude balloon: Do BC layers build “their own homes” up in the atmosphere?: FREE TROPOSPHERIC BLACK CARBON AEROSOL journal April 2011
Global evaluation of the Collection 5 MODIS dark-target aerosol products over land journal January 2010
COLA AGCM simulation of the effect of anomalous spring snow over Eurasia on the Indian summer monsoon journal July 2000
Aerosol invigoration and restructuring of Atlantic convective clouds: AEROSOL RESTRUCTURING CONVECTIVE CLOUDS journal July 2005
Local and remote forcing of decadal sea level and thermocline depth variability in the South Indian Ocean: DECADAL VARIABILITY IN THE INDIAN OCEAN journal January 2013
Field measurement of clear-sky solar irradiance in Badain Jaran Desert of Northwestern China journal June 2013
Submicron aerosol size distributions and cloud condensation nuclei concentrations measured at Gosan, Korea, during the Atmospheric Brown Clouds–East Asian Regional Experiment 2005 journal January 2007
Clear-sky aerosol optical depth over East China estimated from visibility measurements and chemical transport modeling journal October 2014
Overview of the Atmospheric Brown Cloud East Asian Regional Experiment 2005 and a study of the aerosol direct radiative forcing in east Asia journal January 2007
A multi-year analysis of clear-sky aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing at Gosan, Korea (2001–2008) journal February 2010
Light-absorbing particles in snow and ice: Measurement and modeling of climatic and hydrological impact journal November 2014
A study on sulfate optical properties and direct radiative forcing using LASG-IAP general circulation model journal October 2012
Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) from fresh and aged air pollution in the megacity region of Beijing journal January 2011
Estimation of aerosol effects on surface irradiance based on measurements and radiative transfer model simulations in northern China journal January 2007
Meridional gradients in aerosol vertical distribution over Indian Mainland: Observations and model simulations journal January 2016
Optical properties and CCN activity of aerosols in a high-altitude Himalayan environment: Results from RAWEX-GVAX: CCN activity of aerosols over Himalayas journal March 2015
An Asian emission inventory of anthropogenic emission sources for the period 1980–2020 journal January 2007
Flood or Drought: How Do Aerosols Affect Precipitation? journal September 2008
Heavy air pollution suppresses summer thunderstorms in central China journal April 2013
Climate response of the South Asian monsoon system to anthropogenic aerosols: CLIMATE EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOL journal July 2012
Radiative forcing by aerosols over Bay of Bengal region: RADIATIVE FORCING BY AEROSOLS OVER BAY OF BENGAL REGION journal November 2002
Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment: BLACK CARBON IN THE CLIMATE SYSTEM journal June 2013
Reply to comment by K. M. Lau and K. M. Kim on “‘Elevated heat pump’ hypothesis for the aerosol–monsoon hydroclimate link: ‘Grounded’ in observations?” journal January 2011
Systematic variations of cloud top temperature and precipitation rate with aerosols over the global tropics journal January 2012
The effects of black carbon and sulphate aerosols in China regions on East Asia monsoons journal January 2009
Trends in Total Precipitation and Frequency of Daily Precipitation Extremes over China journal April 2005
Haze Days in North China and the associated atmospheric circulations based on daily visibility data from 1960 to 2012: HAZE DAYS AND ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATIONS journal June 2015
Long-term impacts of aerosols on precipitation and lightning over the Pearl River Delta megacity area in China journal January 2011
Instrument calibration and aerosol optical depth validation of the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network journal January 2009
Aerosols implicated as a prime driver of twentieth-century North Atlantic climate variability journal April 2012
Distinct weekly cycles of thunderstorms and a potential connection with aerosol type in China: Aerosol and Weekly Cycle of Thunderstorm journal August 2016
Interannual variation of the wintertime fog-haze days across central and eastern China and its relation with East Asian winter monsoon: FOG-HAZE DAYS IN CHINA AND EAST ASIAN WINTER MONSOON journal April 2015
Uncertainties in satellite remote sensing of aerosols and impact on monitoring its long-term trend: a review and perspective journal January 2009
Can Global Warming Strengthen the East Asian Summer Monsoon? journal December 2010
On the parameterization of cloud droplet effective radius using CAIPEEX aircraft observations for warm clouds in India journal May 2012
Aerosols and Climate: A Perspective Over East Asia book February 2004
Chemical composition of fine aerosol measured by AMS at Fukue Island, Japan during APEX period journal September 2005
Aerosol radiative forcing during clear, hazy, and foggy conditions over a continental polluted location in north India journal January 2006
East Asian Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols and their Impact on Regional Climate (EAST-AIRC): An overview journal January 2011
Aerosol optical properties and their radiative effects in northern China journal January 2007
Summer dust aerosols detected from CALIPSO over the Tibetan Plateau journal January 2007
The long-term trend in the diurnal temperature range over Asia and its natural and anthropogenic causes: Temperature Range Changes and Causes journal April 2016
A compilation of aerosol optical properties and calculation of direct radiative forcing over an urban region in northern China journal January 2007
Microphysical effects determine macrophysical response for aerosol impacts on deep convective clouds journal November 2013
Synoptic systems and weather book January 2006
Atmospheric Water Vapor Flux and Its Association with Rainfall overChina in Summer journal May 1999
Studies of heterogeneous freezing by three different desert dust samples journal January 2009
Cloud condensation nuclei in polluted air and biomass burning smoke near the mega-city Guangzhou, China – Part 2: Size-resolved aerosol chemical composition, diurnal cycles, and externally mixed weakly CCN-active soot particles journal January 2011
Analysis of aircraft and satellite measurements from the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment (INTEX-B) to quantify long-range transport of East Asian sulfur to Canada journal January 2008
Atmospheric brown clouds: Hemispherical and regional variations in long-range transport, absorption, and radiative forcing journal January 2007
Physical and optical properties of aerosols over an urban location in western India: Implications for shortwave radiative forcing journal January 2006
The roles of aerosol direct and indirect effects in past and future climate change: CLIMATE IMPACT OF AEROSOLS journal May 2013
Classification and investigation of Asian aerosol absorptive properties journal January 2013
Short wave Aerosol Radiative Forcing estimates over a semi urban coastal environment in south-east India and validation with surface flux measurements journal January 2016
Measurements of surface cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol activity in downtown Shanghai journal April 2013
Long-term impacts of aerosols on the vertical development of clouds and precipitation journal November 2011
Increasing Trend of Extreme Rain Events Over India in a Warming Environment journal December 2006
Will the South Asian monsoon overturning circulation stabilize any further? journal February 2012
Decreasing cloudiness over China: An updated analysis examining additional variables journal August 2000
Temporal heterogeneity in aerosol characteristics and the resulting radiative impacts at a tropical coastal station – Part 2: Direct short wave radiative forcing journal January 2007
An examination of parameterizations for the CCN number concentration based on in situ measurements of aerosol activation properties in the North China Plain journal January 2013
Improvement of aerosol optical depth retrieval using visibility data in China during the past 50 years journal December 2014
Aerosol characteristics in Phimai, Thailand determined by continuous observation with a polarization sensitive Mie–Raman lidar and a sky radiometer journal June 2015
Observed decadal variations in surface solar radiation and their causes journal January 2009
Impact of elevated aerosol layer on the cloud macrophysical properties prior to monsoon onset journal May 2013
Effects of aerosols and relative humidity on cumulus clouds journal January 2007
The effect of regional changes in anthropogenic aerosols on rainfall of the East Asian Summer Monsoon journal January 2013
Impact of the Southeast Asian summer monsoon strength on the outflow of aerosols from South Asia journal January 2010
Smoking Rain Clouds over the Amazon journal February 2004
Summer and winter variations of dicarboxylic acids, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM 2.5 in Pearl Delta River Region, China journal January 2011
Inverse Relations Between Amounts of Air Pollution and Orographic Precipitation journal March 2007
Climate effects of dust aerosols over East Asian arid and semiarid regions: Climate effects of East Asian dust journal October 2014
Asian pollution climatically modulates mid-latitude cyclones following hierarchical modelling and observational analysis journal January 2014
Asian Monsoon Transport of Pollution to the Stratosphere journal March 2010
Relations of Water Vapor Transport from Indian Monsoon with That over East Asia and the Summer Rainfall in China journal September 2001
A 15-Year Climatology of Warm Conveyor Belts journal January 2004
Microphysics of Premonsoon and Monsoon Clouds as Seen from In Situ Measurements during the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX) journal September 2011
Asian aerosols in North America: Frequency and concentration of fine dust journal January 2002
The Effects of Mountains on the General Circulation of the Atmosphere as Identified by Numerical Experiments journal January 1974
Estimation of cloud condensation nuclei concentration from aerosol optical quantities: influential factors and uncertainties journal January 2014
Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols on the Indian Monsoon journal June 2008
More frequent cloud-free sky and less surface solar radiation in China from 1955 to 2000: CLOUDS AND RADIATION IN CHINA journal January 2006
The whitehouse effect—Shortwave radiative forcing of climate by anthropogenic aerosols: an overview journal April 1996
On the Relationship Between Eurasian snow Cover and the Asian Summer Monsoon journal June 1996
The last decade of global anthropogenic sulfur dioxide: 2000–2011 emissions journal January 2013
The response of the large-scale ocean circulation to 20th century Asian and non-Asian aerosols: ASIAN AEROSOLS AND OCEAN CIRCULATION journal June 2013
Evidence for a significant urbanization effect on climate in China journal June 2004
Summer Monsoon Experiment—A Review journal September 1985
Radiative forcing and climate response due to black carbon in snow and ice journal October 2011
Spatiotemporal changes in sunshine duration and cloud amount as well as their relationship in China during 1954–2005 journal January 2010
The Effect of Snow Cover on the Climate journal July 1991
Dominant control of the South Asian monsoon by orographic insulation versus plateau heating journal January 2010
Enhanced surface warming and accelerated snow melt in the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau induced by absorbing aerosols journal April 2010
Variability of Absorption and Optical Properties of Key Aerosol Types Observed in Worldwide Locations journal February 2002
Systematic Changes in Cloud Radiative Forcing with Aerosol Loading for Deep Clouds in the Tropics journal January 2016
Influence of anthropogenic aerosols and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation on tropical belt width journal March 2014
Revisiting Asian monsoon formation and change associated with Tibetan Plateau forcing: I. Formation journal April 2012
Reduction of Tropical Cloudiness by Soot journal May 2000
A 1-year Lagrangian “climatology” of airstreams in the northern hemisphere troposphere and lowermost stratosphere journal April 2001
Absorbing aerosols: contribution of biomass burning and implications for radiative forcing journal January 2010
Decreasing trends in sunshine duration over China for 1954–1998: Indication of increased haze pollution? journal January 2002
Clear Sky Visibility Has Decreased over Land Globally from 1973 to 2007 journal March 2009
Significant aerosol direct radiative effects during a pollution episode in northern China: AEROSOL RADIATIVE EFFECTS IN CHINA journal December 2007
The Effect of Eurasian Snow Cover on the Indian Monsoon journal February 1995
Tibetan Plateau Forcing and the Timing of the Monsoon Onset over South Asia and the South China Sea journal April 1998
Impact of East Asian summer monsoon on the air quality over China: View from space journal January 2010
A review of measurement-based assessments of the aerosol direct radiative effect and forcing journal January 2006
Trends in aerosol optical depth over Indian region: Potential causes and impact indicators: TRENDS IN AOD OVER INDIAN REGION journal October 2013
Challenges of parameterizing CCN due to changes in particle physicochemical properties: implications from observations at a suburban site in China journal January 2015
Role of Interactions between Aerosol Radiative Effect, Dynamics, and Cloud Microphysics on Transitions of Monsoon Intraseasonal Oscillations journal July 2013
Analysis of 40 years of solar radiation data from China, 1961–2000 journal January 2005
Absorbing Aerosols and Summer Monsoon Evolution over South Asia: An Observational Portrayal journal July 2008
Eurasian Air Pollution Reaches Eastern North America journal December 2000
The effect of future reduction in aerosol emissions on climate extremes in China journal January 2016
Long-term trends in solar radiation and the associated climatic factors over China for 1961-2000 journal January 2005
Aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent of aerosols observed by the Chinese Sun Hazemeter Network from August 2004 to September 2005 journal January 2007
Aerosol single scattering albedo estimated across China from a combination of ground and satellite measurements journal January 2007
The Relation between the Tibetan Winter Snow and the Asian Summer Monsoon and Rainfall: An Observational Investigation journal June 2003
Aspects of the 40–50 Day Oscillation during the Northern Summer as Inferred from Outgoing Longwave Radiation journal July 1986
Aerosol effects on the lifetime of shallow cumulus journal January 2006
Aerosol impact on the brightening in Japan: AEROSOLS AND SOLAR BRIGHTENING journal April 2012
“North drying and south wetting” summer precipitation trend over China and its potential linkage with aerosol loading journal May 2013
Aerosol distributions and radiative forcing over the Asian Pacific region simulated by Spectral Radiation-Transport Model for Aerosol Species (SPRINTARS) journal January 2003
Global monsoon: Dominant mode of annual variation in the tropics journal March 2008
Long-term aerosol-mediated changes in cloud radiative forcing of deep clouds at the top and bottom of the atmosphere over the Southern Great Plains journal January 2014
Variation characteristics of atmospheric aerosol optical depths and visibility in North China during 1980–1994 journal January 2000
Anthropogenic Aerosols and the Weakening of the South Asian Summer Monsoon journal September 2011
Intensification of Pacific storm track linked to Asian pollution journal March 2007
Forcing of anthropogenic aerosols on temperature trends of the sub-thermocline southern Indian Ocean journal July 2013
Climatology and interannual variability of the southeast asian summer monsoon journal June 1997
Aerosol Properties Over Bright-Reflecting Source Regions journal March 2004
Aerosol direct forcing of the summer Indian monsoon as simulated by the NCAR CAM3 journal October 2008
Mechanisms of monsoon-Southern Oscillation coupling: insights from GCM experiments journal September 1998
Absorbing aerosols facilitate transition of Indian monsoon breaks to active spells journal December 2010
Transport pathways for Asian pollution outflow over the Pacific: Interannual and seasonal variations journal January 2003
Aerosol optical properties and its radiative forcing over Yulin, China in 2001 and 2002 journal May 2009
AERONET—A Federated Instrument Network and Data Archive for Aerosol Characterization journal October 1998
Decadal variation of East Asian radiative forcing due to anthropogenic aerosols during 1850–2100, and the role of atmospheric moisture journal October 2014
Correlation between cloud condensation nuclei concentration and aerosol optical thickness in remote and polluted regions journal January 2009
Asian dust outflow in the PBL and free atmosphere retrieved by NASA CALIPSO and an assimilated dust transport model journal January 2009
Buildup of aerosols over the Indian Region: BUILDUP OF AEROSOLS journal March 2013
Significant decreasing cloud cover during 1954–2005 due to more clear-sky days and less overcast days in China and its relation to aerosol journal January 2012
Can we modify stratospheric water vapor by deliberate cloud seeding?: EFFECT OF SEEDING ON STRATOSPHERIC WATER journal February 2014
Soot climate forcing via snow and ice albedos journal December 2003
Study of the Impact of Summer Monsoon Circulation on Spatial Distribution of Aerosols in East Asia Based on Numerical Simulations journal November 2011
Large differences in tropical aerosol forcing at the top of the atmosphere and Earth's surface journal May 2000
Tropospheric cooling and summer monsoon weakening trend over East Asia: TROPOSPHERIC COOLING AND MONSOON WEAKENING journal November 2004
Meteorological conditions for the persistent severe fog and haze event over eastern China in January 2013 journal November 2013
Impact of anthropogenic aerosols from global, East Asian, and non-East Asian sources on East Asian summer monsoon system journal January 2017
Indian Ocean warming during 1958–2004 simulated by a climate system model and its mechanism journal March 2013
Climate implications of large warming by elevated aerosol over India journal January 2008
Observational Constraints on Past Attributable Warming and Predictions of Future Global Warming journal July 2006
Observational relationships between aerosol and Asian monsoon rainfall, and circulation journal January 2006
Aerosol optical depth measurements in eastern China and a new calibration method journal January 2010
Spatio-temporal variation trends of satellite-based aerosol optical depth in China during 1980–2008 journal December 2011
Variability of Tibetan Spring Snow and Its Associations with the Hemispheric Extratropical Circulation and East Asian Summer Monsoon Rainfall: An Observational Investigation journal August 2007
The strengthening East Asia summer monsoon since the early 1990s journal February 2012
Seasonal variation of vertical distribution of aerosol single scattering albedo over Indian sub-continent: RAWEX aircraft observations journal January 2016
Reduction of aerosol absorption in Beijing since 2007 from MODIS and AERONET: REDUCTION OF BEIJING AEROSOL ABSORPTION journal May 2011
Influence of the Land Surface in the Asian Summer Monsoon: External Conditions versus Internal Feedbacks journal July 1994
Ground-based aerosol climatology of China: aerosol optical depths from the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network (CARSNET) 2002–2013 journal January 2015
Clear-sky infrared aerosol radiative forcing at the surface and the top of the atmosphere
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Detection, causes and projection of climate change over China: An overview of recent progress journal November 2007
Spatial and vertical heterogeneities in aerosol properties over oceanic regions around India: Implications for radiative forcing
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Control of fossil-fuel particulate black carbon and organic matter, possibly the most effective method of slowing global warming journal January 2002

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