An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs

Lee, Kwan -Soo; Spendelow, Jacob Schatz; Choe, Yoong -Kee; Fujimoto, Cy; Kim, Yu Seung

doi:10.1038/nenergy.2016.120

Title: An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs

Abstract

Here, fuel cells are promising devices for clean power generation in a variety of economically and environmentally significant applications. Low-temperature proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells utilizing Nafion require a high level of hydration, which limits the operating temperature to less than 100°C. In contrast, high-temperature PEM fuel cells utilizing phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole can operate effectively up to 180°C; however, these devices degrade when exposed to water below 140°C. Here we present a different class of PEM fuel cells based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs that can operate under conditions unattainable with existing fuel cell technologies. These fuel cells exhibit stable performance at 80–160°C with a conductivity decay rate more than three orders of magnitude lower than that of a commercial high-temperature PEM fuel cell. By increasing the operational flexibility, this class of fuel cell can simplify the requirements for heat and water management, and potentially reduce the costs associated with the existing fully functional fuel cell systems.

Authors:

Lee, Kwan -Soo ^[1]; Spendelow, Jacob Schatz ^[1]; Choe, Yoong -Kee ^[2]; Fujimoto, Cy ^[3]; Kim, Yu Seung ^[1]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Tsukuba (Japan)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1329902

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-16-20758
Journal ID: ISSN 2058-7546

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

Resource Type:: Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nature Energy

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 1; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 2058-7546

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION; Energy Sciences

Citation Formats


                    Lee, Kwan -Soo, Spendelow, Jacob Schatz, Choe, Yoong -Kee, Fujimoto, Cy, and Kim, Yu Seung. An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
        Web.  doi:10.1038/nenergy.2016.120.

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                    Lee, Kwan -Soo, Spendelow, Jacob Schatz, Choe, Yoong -Kee, Fujimoto, Cy, & Kim, Yu Seung. An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.120

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                    Lee, Kwan -Soo, Spendelow, Jacob Schatz, Choe, Yoong -Kee, Fujimoto, Cy, and Kim, Yu Seung. 2016.  
        "An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.120.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1329902.

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@article{osti_1329902,

  title        = {An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs},

  author       = {Lee, Kwan -Soo and Spendelow, Jacob Schatz and Choe, Yoong -Kee and Fujimoto, Cy and Kim, Yu Seung},

  abstractNote = {Here, fuel cells are promising devices for clean power generation in a variety of economically and environmentally significant applications. Low-temperature proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells utilizing Nafion require a high level of hydration, which limits the operating temperature to less than 100°C. In contrast, high-temperature PEM fuel cells utilizing phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole can operate effectively up to 180°C; however, these devices degrade when exposed to water below 140°C. Here we present a different class of PEM fuel cells based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs that can operate under conditions unattainable with existing fuel cell technologies. These fuel cells exhibit stable performance at 80–160°C with a conductivity decay rate more than three orders of magnitude lower than that of a commercial high-temperature PEM fuel cell. By increasing the operational flexibility, this class of fuel cell can simplify the requirements for heat and water management, and potentially reduce the costs associated with the existing fully functional fuel cell systems.},

  doi          = {10.1038/nenergy.2016.120},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1329902},
  journal      = {Nature Energy},

  issn         = {2058-7546},

  number       = 9,

  volume       = 1,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Mon Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

A Graphene‐Based Coaxial Fibrous Photofuel Cell Powered by Mine Gas
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Yang, Zhengpeng; Zhu, Meng; Niu, Yutao
Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 46
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Hydrophilic microporous membranes for selective ion separation and flow-battery energy storage
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Intermediate temperature fuel cells via an ion-pair coordinated polymer electrolyte
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Acidic liquid-swollen polymer membranes exhibiting anhydrous proton conductivity higher than 100 mS cm ⁻¹ at around 100 °C
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Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Prepared by Graft Copolymerization of 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid and Acrylic Acid on PVDF and ETFE Activated by Electron Beam Treatment
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Title: An operationally flexible fuel cell based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs

Abstract

Citation Formats

Acid-Doped Polybenzimidazoles: A New Polymer Electrolyte journal, January 1995

Structure–property–performance relationships of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as a polymer electrolyte for fuel cell applications journal, May 2006

Backbone stability of quaternized polyaromatics for alkaline membrane fuel cells journal, December 2012

PBI-Based Polymer Membranes for High Temperature Fuel Cells– Preparation, Characterization and Fuel Cell Demonstration journal, August 2004

Energy: Reimagine fuel cells journal, September 2015

Long-Term Testing in Dynamic Mode of HT-PEMFC H 3 PO 4 /PBI Celtec-P Based Membrane Electrode Assemblies for Micro-CHP Applications journal, April 2010

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(phenylene)-Based Anion Exchange Membranes for Alkaline Fuel Cells journal, November 2009

Nanocrack-regulated self-humidifying membranes journal, April 2016

Polymeric proton conducting membranes for medium temperature fuel cells (110–160°C) journal, April 2001

Alkaline Stability of Benzyl Trimethyl Ammonium Functionalized Polyaromatics: A Computational and Experimental Study journal, September 2014

The calculation of small molecular interactions by the differences of separate total energies. Some procedures with reduced errors journal, October 1970

Fuel Cell Membrane Characterizations journal, April 2015

High-Temperature Polybenzimidazole Fuel Cell Membranes via a Sol−Gel Process journal, September 2005

Intermediate temperature proton conductors for PEM fuel cells based on phosphonic acid as protogenic group: A progress report journal, January 2007

Conductivity of PBI Membranes for High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells journal, January 2004

Properties of high-temperature PEFC Celtec®-P 1000 MEAs in start/stop operation mode journal, February 2008

Studies in Molecular Structure. IV. Potential Curve for the Interaction of Two Helium Atoms in Single‐Configuration LCAO MO SCF Approximation journal, June 1961

Long-range corrected hybrid density functionals with damped atom–atom dispersion corrections journal, January 2008

Self—Consistent Molecular Orbital Methods. XII. Further Extensions of Gaussian—Type Basis Sets for Use in Molecular Orbital Studies of Organic Molecules journal, March 1972

The calculation of small molecular interactions by the differences of separate total energies. Some procedures with reduced errors journal, January 2002

A Graphene‐Based Coaxial Fibrous Photofuel Cell Powered by Mine Gas journal, September 2019

Hydrophilic microporous membranes for selective ion separation and flow-battery energy storage journal, December 2019

Phosphoric acid doped hydrophobic ionic liquid-based composite membranes for anhydrous proton exchange membrane application journal, January 2017

Intermediate temperature fuel cells via an ion-pair coordinated polymer electrolyte journal, January 2018

Acidic liquid-swollen polymer membranes exhibiting anhydrous proton conductivity higher than 100 mS cm −1 at around 100 °C journal, January 2019

Polymer and Composite Membranes for Proton-Conducting, High-Temperature Fuel Cells: A Critical Review journal, June 2017

Understanding of Nanophase Separation and Hydrophilic Morphology in Nafion and SPEEK Membranes: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Studies journal, June 2019

Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Prepared by Graft Copolymerization of 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid and Acrylic Acid on PVDF and ETFE Activated by Electron Beam Treatment journal, July 2019

Understanding of Nanophase Separation and Hydrophilic Morphology in Nafion and SPEEK Membranes: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Studies journal, June 2019

Acid-Doped Polybenzimidazoles: A New Polymer Electrolyte
journal, January 1995

Structure–property–performance relationships of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as a polymer electrolyte for fuel cell applications
journal, May 2006

Backbone stability of quaternized polyaromatics for alkaline membrane fuel cells
journal, December 2012

PBI-Based Polymer Membranes for High Temperature Fuel Cells– Preparation, Characterization and Fuel Cell Demonstration
journal, August 2004

Energy: Reimagine fuel cells
journal, September 2015

Long-Term Testing in Dynamic Mode of HT-PEMFC H ₃ PO ₄ /PBI Celtec-P Based Membrane Electrode Assemblies for Micro-CHP Applications
journal, April 2010

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(phenylene)-Based Anion Exchange Membranes for Alkaline Fuel Cells
journal, November 2009

Nanocrack-regulated self-humidifying membranes
journal, April 2016

Polymeric proton conducting membranes for medium temperature fuel cells (110–160°C)
journal, April 2001

Alkaline Stability of Benzyl Trimethyl Ammonium Functionalized Polyaromatics: A Computational and Experimental Study
journal, September 2014

The calculation of small molecular interactions by the differences of separate total energies. Some procedures with reduced errors
journal, October 1970

Fuel Cell Membrane Characterizations
journal, April 2015

High-Temperature Polybenzimidazole Fuel Cell Membranes via a Sol−Gel Process
journal, September 2005

Intermediate temperature proton conductors for PEM fuel cells based on phosphonic acid as protogenic group: A progress report
journal, January 2007

Conductivity of PBI Membranes for High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
journal, January 2004

Properties of high-temperature PEFC Celtec®-P 1000 MEAs in start/stop operation mode
journal, February 2008

Studies in Molecular Structure. IV. Potential Curve for the Interaction of Two Helium Atoms in Single‐Configuration LCAO MO SCF Approximation
journal, June 1961

Long-range corrected hybrid density functionals with damped atom–atom dispersion corrections
journal, January 2008

Self—Consistent Molecular Orbital Methods. XII. Further Extensions of Gaussian—Type Basis Sets for Use in Molecular Orbital Studies of Organic Molecules
journal, March 1972

The calculation of small molecular interactions by the differences of separate total energies. Some procedures with reduced errors
journal, January 2002

A Graphene‐Based Coaxial Fibrous Photofuel Cell Powered by Mine Gas
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Hydrophilic microporous membranes for selective ion separation and flow-battery energy storage
journal, December 2019

Phosphoric acid doped hydrophobic ionic liquid-based composite membranes for anhydrous proton exchange membrane application
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Acidic liquid-swollen polymer membranes exhibiting anhydrous proton conductivity higher than 100 mS cm ⁻¹ at around 100 °C
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Understanding of Nanophase Separation and Hydrophilic Morphology in Nafion and SPEEK Membranes: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Studies
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