Biological lignocellulose solubilization: Comparative evaluation of biocatalysts and enhancement via cotreatment

Paye, Julie M. D.; Guseva, Anna; Hammer, Sarah K.; Gjersing, Erica; Davis, Mark F.; Davison, Brian H.; Olstad, Jessica; Donohoe, Bryon S.; Nguyen, Thanh Yen; Wyman, Charles E.; Pattathil, Sivakumar; Hahn, Michael G.; Lynd, Lee R.

doi:10.1186/s13068-015-0412-y

Title: Biological lignocellulose solubilization: Comparative evaluation of biocatalysts and enhancement via cotreatment

Journal Article · Tue Jan 12 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Biotechnology for Biofuels

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-015-0412-y· OSTI ID:1236762

Paye, Julie M. D. ^[1]; Guseva, Anna ^[1]; Hammer, Sarah K. ^[1]; Gjersing, Erica ^[2]; Davis, Mark F. ^[2]; Davison, Brian H. ^[3]; Olstad, Jessica ^[2]; Donohoe, Bryon S. ^[2]; Nguyen, Thanh Yen ^[4]; Wyman, Charles E. ^[4]; Pattathil, Sivakumar ^[5]; Hahn, Michael G. ^[5]; Lynd, Lee R. ^[1]

Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)

Here, feedstock recalcitrance is the most important barrier impeding cost-effective production of cellulosic biofuels. Pioneer commercial cellulosic ethanol facilities employ thermochemical pretreatment and addition of fungal cellulase, reflecting the main research emphasis in the field. However, it has been suggested that it may be possible to process cellulosic biomass without thermochemical pretreatment using thermophilic, cellulolytic bacteria. To further explore this idea, we examine the ability of various biocatalysts to solubilize autoclaved but otherwise unpretreated cellulosic biomass under controlled but not industrial conditions. As a result, carbohydrate solubilization of mid-season harvested switchgrass after 5 days ranged from 24 % for Caldicellulosiruptor bescii to 65 % for Clostridium thermocellum, with intermediate values for a thermophilic horse manure enrichment, Clostridium clariflavum, Clostridium cellulolyticum, and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) featuring a fungal cellulase cocktail and yeast. Under a variety of conditions, solubilization yields were about twice as high for C. thermocellum compared to fungal cellulase. Solubilization of mid-season harvested switchgrass was about twice that of senescent switchgrass. Lower yields and greater dependence on particle size were observed for Populus as compared to switchgrass. Trends observed from data drawn from six conversion systems and three substrates, including both time course and end-point data, were (1) equal fractional solubilization of glucan and xylan, (2) no biological solubilization of the non-carbohydrate fraction of biomass, and (3) higher solubilization for three of the four bacterial cultures tested as compared to the fungal cellulase system. Brief (5 min) ball milling of solids remaining after fermentation of senescent switchgrass by C. thermocellum nearly doubled carbohydrate solubilization upon reinnoculation as compared to a control without milling. Greater particle size reduction and solubilization were observed for milling of partially fermented solids than for unfermented solids. Physical disruption of cellulosic feedstocks after initiation of fermentation, termed cotreatment, warrants further study. While the ability to achieve significant solubilization of minimally pretreated switchgrass is widespread, a fivefold difference between the most and least effective biocatalyst-feedstock combinations was observed. Starting with nature's best biomass-solubilizing systems may enable a reduction in the amount of non-biological processing required, and in particular substitution of cotreatment for pretreatment.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1236762

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1327645

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5100-65764

Journal Information:: Biotechnology for Biofuels, Vol. 9, Issue 1; Related Information: Biotechnology for Biofuels; ISSN 1754-6834

Publisher:: BioMed CentralCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 73 works

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09 BIOMASS FUELS
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
biological solubilization
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Biological lignocellulose solubilization: comparative evaluation of biocatalysts and enhancement via cotreatment [Supplemental Data] Paye, Julie; Guseva, Anna; Hammer, Sarah https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3609365 The current record is supplemented by this figure	figure	January 2016
Biological lignocellulose solubilization: comparative evaluation of biocatalysts and enhancement via cotreatment Paye, Julie; Guseva, Anna; Hammer, Sarah https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3609365.v1 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2016
MOESM1 of Biological lignocellulose solubilization: comparative evaluation of biocatalysts and enhancement via cotreatment Paye, Julie; Guseva, Anna; Hammer, Sarah https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3609365_d1 The current record is supplemented by this text	text	January 2016
MOESM1 of Biological lignocellulose solubilization: comparative evaluation of biocatalysts and enhancement via cotreatment Paye, Julie; Guseva, Anna; Hammer, Sarah https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3609365_d1.v1 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	January 2016