Evaluating the effect of sample type on American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) analyte values in a point-of-care blood analyser
Abstract
The assessment of wildlife health has been enhanced by the ability of point-of-care (POC) blood analysers to provide biochemical analyses of non-domesticated animals in the field. However, environmental limitations (e.g. temperature, atmospheric humidity and rain) and lack of reference values may inhibit researchers from using such a device with certain wildlife species. Evaluating the use of alternative sample types, such as plasma, in a POC device may afford researchers the opportunity to delay sample analysis and the ability to use banked samples. In this study, we examined fresh whole blood, fresh plasma and frozen plasma (sample type) pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3₋), total carbon dioxide (TCO2), base excess (BE), partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), oxygen saturation (sO2) and lactate concentrations in 23 juvenile American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) using an i-STAT CG4+ cartridge. Our results indicate that sample type had no effect on lactate concentration values (F2,65 = 0.37, P = 0.963), suggesting that the i-STAT analyser can be used reliably to quantify lactate concentrations in fresh and frozen plasma samples. In contrast, the other seven blood parameters measured by the CG4+ cartridge were significantly affected by sample type. In conclusion, we were able to collect bloodmore »
- Authors:
-
- Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River Ecology Lab. (SREL); Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States). Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources
- Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River Ecology Lab. (SREL); Auburn Univ., AL (United States)
- Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River Ecology Lab. (SREL)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (SREL), Aiken, SC (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1258028
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FC09-07SR22506
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Conservation Physiology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 4; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2051-1434
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press and Society for Experimental Biology
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; American alligator; biochemistry; i-STAT; lactate; plasma; point-of-care
Citation Formats
Hamilton, Matthew T., Finger, John W., Winzeler, Megan E., and Tuberville, Tracey D. Evaluating the effect of sample type on American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) analyte values in a point-of-care blood analyser. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1093/conphys/cov065.
Hamilton, Matthew T., Finger, John W., Winzeler, Megan E., & Tuberville, Tracey D. Evaluating the effect of sample type on American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) analyte values in a point-of-care blood analyser. United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/cov065
Hamilton, Matthew T., Finger, John W., Winzeler, Megan E., and Tuberville, Tracey D. 2016.
"Evaluating the effect of sample type on American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) analyte values in a point-of-care blood analyser". United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/cov065. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1258028.
@article{osti_1258028,
title = {Evaluating the effect of sample type on American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) analyte values in a point-of-care blood analyser},
author = {Hamilton, Matthew T. and Finger, John W. and Winzeler, Megan E. and Tuberville, Tracey D.},
abstractNote = {The assessment of wildlife health has been enhanced by the ability of point-of-care (POC) blood analysers to provide biochemical analyses of non-domesticated animals in the field. However, environmental limitations (e.g. temperature, atmospheric humidity and rain) and lack of reference values may inhibit researchers from using such a device with certain wildlife species. Evaluating the use of alternative sample types, such as plasma, in a POC device may afford researchers the opportunity to delay sample analysis and the ability to use banked samples. In this study, we examined fresh whole blood, fresh plasma and frozen plasma (sample type) pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3₋), total carbon dioxide (TCO2), base excess (BE), partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), oxygen saturation (sO2) and lactate concentrations in 23 juvenile American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) using an i-STAT CG4+ cartridge. Our results indicate that sample type had no effect on lactate concentration values (F2,65 = 0.37, P = 0.963), suggesting that the i-STAT analyser can be used reliably to quantify lactate concentrations in fresh and frozen plasma samples. In contrast, the other seven blood parameters measured by the CG4+ cartridge were significantly affected by sample type. In conclusion, we were able to collect blood samples from all alligators within 2 min of capture to establish preliminary reference ranges for juvenile alligators based on values obtained using fresh whole blood.},
doi = {10.1093/conphys/cov065},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1258028},
journal = {Conservation Physiology},
issn = {2051-1434},
number = 1,
volume = 4,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Consequences of Failure to Meet Assumptions Underlying the Fixed Effects Analyses of Variance and Covariance
journal, September 1972
- Glass, Gene V.; Peckham, Percy D.; Sanders, James R.
- Review of Educational Research, Vol. 42, Issue 3
Use of a Portable Point-of-Care (Vetscan Vs2) Biochemical Analyzer for Measuring Plasma Biochemical Levels in Free-Living Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta)
journal, December 2010
- Atkins, Adrienne; Jacobson, Elliott; Hernandez, Jorge
- Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Vol. 41, Issue 4
Consequences of Failure to Meet Assumptions Underlying the Fixed Effects Analyses of Variance and Covariance
journal, September 1972
- Glass, Gene V.; Peckham, Percy D.; Sanders, James R.
- Review of Educational Research, Vol. 42, Issue 3
Use of a Portable Point-of-Care (Vetscan Vs2) Biochemical Analyzer for Measuring Plasma Biochemical Levels in Free-Living Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta)
journal, December 2010
- Atkins, Adrienne; Jacobson, Elliott; Hernandez, Jorge
- Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Vol. 41, Issue 4
Validation of the i-STAT system for the analysis of blood parameters in fish
journal, January 2014
- Harter, T. S.; Shartau, R. B.; Brauner, C. J.
- Conservation Physiology, Vol. 2, Issue 1
Interpreting indices of physiological stress in free-living vertebrates
journal, March 2012
- Johnstone, Christopher P.; Reina, Richard D.; Lill, Alan
- Journal of Comparative Physiology B, Vol. 182, Issue 7
Evaluation of a point-of-care blood analyzer and determination of reference ranges for blood parameters in rockfish
journal, January 2005
- Harrenstien, Lisa A.; Tornquist, Susan J.; Miller-Morgan, Timothy J.
- Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Vol. 226, Issue 2
A Selected Core Microbiome Drives the Early Stages of Three Popular Italian Cheese Manufactures
journal, February 2014
- De Filippis, Francesca; La Storia, Antonietta; Stellato, Giuseppina
- PLoS ONE, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Genetic relationships of American alligator populations distributed across different ecological and geographic scales
journal, December 2002
- Ryberg, Wade A.; Fitzgerald, Lee A.; Honeycutt, Rodney L.
- Journal of Experimental Zoology, Vol. 294, Issue 4
Validation of the i-STAT system for the analysis of blood gases and acid–base status in juvenile sandbar shark ( Carcharhinus plumbeus )
journal, January 2015
- Harter, T. S.; Morrison, P. R.; Mandelman, J. W.
- Conservation Physiology, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Conservation physiology
journal, January 2006
- Wikelski, Martin; Cooke, Steven J.
- Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Vol. 21, Issue 1
Venous Blood Gases and Lactates of wild Loggerhead sea Turtles (Caretta Caretta) Following two Capture Techniques
journal, April 2003
- Harms, Craig A.; Mallo, Kate M.; Ross, Patricia M.
- Journal of Wildlife Diseases, Vol. 39, Issue 2
Factors controlling glycogen breakdown in the alligator
journal, January 1979
- Coulson, Roland A.; Hernandez, Thomas
- Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, Vol. 64, Issue 1
Ecological and physiological determinants of dive duration in the freshwater crocodile
journal, February 2010
- Campbell, Hamish A.; Sullivan, Scott; Read, Mark A.
- Functional Ecology, Vol. 24, Issue 1
Alligator Tales: New Lessons about Environmental Contaminants from a Sentinel Species
journal, December 2008
- Milnes, Matthew R.; Guillette, Louis J.
- BioScience, Vol. 58, Issue 11
Influence of Collection Time on Hematologic and Immune Markers in the American Alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis )
journal, December 2014
- Finger, John W.; Williams, Robert J.; Hamilton, Matthew T.
- Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 5
Influence of Collection Time on Hematologic and Immune Markers in the American Alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis )
journal, December 2014
- Finger, John W.; Williams, Robert J.; Hamilton, Matthew T.
- Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 5
Reference levels for corticosterone and immune function in farmed saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) hatchlings using current Code of Practice guidelines
journal, February 2015
- Finger, John W.; Thomson, Peter C.; Adams, Amanda L.
- General and Comparative Endocrinology, Vol. 212
Alligator metabolism studies on chemical reactions in vivo
journal, January 1983
- A. ^Coulson, Roland; Hernandez, Thomas
- Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol. 74, Issue 1
Blood gases, biochemistry and haematology of Galápagos marine iguanas ( Amblyrhynchus cristatus )
journal, January 2015
- Lewbart, Gregory A.; Hirschfeld, Maximilian; Brothers, J. Roger
- Conservation Physiology, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Avian Plasma Chemistry Analysis Using Diluted Samples
journal, December 2009
- Waldoch, Jennifer; Wack, Raymund; Christopher, Mary
- Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Vol. 40, Issue 4
Effects of Body Temperature on Respiration, Blood Gases and Acid-Base Status in the Turtle Chrysemys Picta Bellii
journal, January 1985
- Glass, M. L.; Boutilier, R. G.; Heisler, N.
- Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 114, Issue 1
VALIDATION OF LACTATE MEASUREMENT IN AMERICAN FLAMINGO ( PHOENICOPTERUS RUBER ) PLASMA AND CORRELATION WITH DURATION AND DIFFICULTY OF CAPTURE
journal, September 2012
- Burgdorf-Moisuk, Anne; Wack, Raymund; Ziccardi, Michael
- Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Vol. 43, Issue 3
Assessment of selected biochemical parameters and humoral immune response of Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) experimentally infected with Trichinella zimbabwensis
journal, February 2014
- La Grange, Louis J.; Mukaratirwa, Samson
- Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, Vol. 85, Issue 1
Venous Blood Gases and Lactates of wild Loggerhead sea Turtles (Caretta Caretta) Following two Capture Techniques
journal, April 2003
- Harms, Craig A.; Mallo, Kate M.; Ross, Patricia M.
- Journal of Wildlife Diseases, Vol. 39, Issue 2
Factors controlling glycogen breakdown in the alligator
journal, January 1979
- Coulson, Roland A.; Hernandez, Thomas
- Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, Vol. 64, Issue 1
Changes in gas composition and acid-base values of venous blood samples stored under different conditions in 4 domestic species
journal, December 2007
- Piccione, Giuseppe; Bertolucci, Cristiano; Grasso, Fortunata
- Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Vol. 36, Issue 4
A critical evaluation of automated blood gas measurements in comparative respiratory physiology
journal, December 2014
- Malte, Christian Lind; Jakobsen, Sashia Lindhøj; Wang, Tobias
- Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Vol. 178
A critical evaluation of automated blood gas measurements in comparative respiratory physiology
journal, December 2014
- Malte, Christian Lind; Jakobsen, Sashia Lindhøj; Wang, Tobias
- Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Vol. 178
Reference values: a review
journal, September 2009
- Geffré, Anne; Friedrichs, Kristen; Harr, Kendal
- Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Vol. 38, Issue 3
Glycolysis and Swimming Performance in Juvenile American Alligators
journal, December 1991
- Gatten, Robert E.; Congdon, Justin D.; Mazzotti, Frank J.
- Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 25, Issue 4
Blood Gas, Oxygen Saturation, pH, and Lactate Values in Elasmobranch Blood Measured with a Commercially Available Portable Clinical Analyzer and Standard Laboratory Instruments
journal, December 2010
- Gallagher, Austin J.; Frick, Lorenz H.; Bushnell, Peter G.
- Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, Vol. 22, Issue 4
Discordance between measured and calculated total carbon dioxide
journal, December 1990
- Ungerer, J. P.; Ungerer, M. J.; Vermaak, W. J.
- Clinical Chemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 12
Genetic relationships of American alligator populations distributed across different ecological and geographic scales
journal, December 2002
- Ryberg, Wade A.; Fitzgerald, Lee A.; Honeycutt, Rodney L.
- Journal of Experimental Zoology, Vol. 294, Issue 4
Reference levels for corticosterone and immune function in farmed saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) hatchlings using current Code of Practice guidelines
journal, February 2015
- Finger, John W.; Thomson, Peter C.; Adams, Amanda L.
- General and Comparative Endocrinology, Vol. 212
Use of portable blood physiology point-of-care devices for basic and applied research on vertebrates: a review
journal, January 2014
- Stoot, L. J.; Cairns, N. A.; Cull, F.
- Conservation Physiology, Vol. 2, Issue 1
Validation of the i-STAT and HemoCue systems for the analysis of blood parameters in the bar-headed goose, Anser indicus
journal, January 2015
- Harter, T. S.; Reichert, M.; Brauner, C. J.
- Conservation Physiology, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Effects of Feeding on Arterial Blood Gases in the American Alligator Alligator Mississippiensis
journal, October 2000
- Busk, Morten; Overgaard, Johannes; Hicks, James W.
- Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 203, Issue 20
Interpreting indices of physiological stress in free-living vertebrates
journal, March 2012
- Johnstone, Christopher P.; Reina, Richard D.; Lill, Alan
- Journal of Comparative Physiology B, Vol. 182, Issue 7
Comparison of Biochemical Stress Indicators in Juvenile Captive Estuarine Crocodiles (Crocodylus Porosus) Following Physical Restraint or Chemical Restraint by Midazolam Injection
journal, July 2013
- Olsson, Annabelle; Phalen, David
- Journal of Wildlife Diseases, Vol. 49, Issue 3
Comparison of stress induced by manual restraint and immobilisation in the estuarine crocodile,crocodylus porosus
journal, July 2003
- Franklin, Craig E.; Davis, Bernie M.; Peucker, S. K. J.
- Journal of Experimental Zoology, Vol. 298A, Issue 2
Is It Really Robust?: Reinvestigating the Robustness of ANOVA Against Violations of the Normal Distribution Assumption
journal, January 2010
- Schmider, Emanuel; Ziegler, Matthias; Danay, Erik
- Methodology, Vol. 6, Issue 4
Effects of Feeding on Arterial Blood Gases in the American Alligator Alligator Mississippiensis
journal, October 2000
- Busk, Morten; Overgaard, Johannes; Hicks, James W.
- Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 203, Issue 20
Effects of Body Temperature on Respiration, Blood Gases and Acid-Base Status in the Turtle Chrysemys Picta Bellii
journal, January 1985
- Glass, M. L.; Boutilier, R. G.; Heisler, N.
- Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 114, Issue 1
Works referencing / citing this record:
Reflections and progress in conservation physiology
journal, January 2017
- Cooke, Steven J.; Hultine, Kevin R.; Rummer, Jodie L.
- Conservation Physiology, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Effects of selenium exposure on the hematology, innate immunity, and metabolic rate of yellow-bellied sliders (Trachemys scripta scripta)
journal, August 2017
- Haskins, David L.; Hamilton, Matthew T.; Stacy, Nicole I.
- Ecotoxicology, Vol. 26, Issue 8
Examining the Effects of Chronic Selenium Exposure on Traditionally Used Stress Parameters in Juvenile American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis)
journal, April 2019
- Finger, John W.; Hamilton, Matthew T.; Kelley, Meghan D.
- Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol. 77, Issue 1