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Title: Carbonyl Sulfide for Tracing Carbon Fluxes Field Campaign Report

Abstract

The April-June 2012 campaign was located at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility Southern Great Plains (SGP) site Central Facility and had three purposes. One goal was to demonstrate the ability of current instrumentation to correctly measure fluxes of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS). The approach has been describe previously as a critical approach to advancing carbon cycle science1,2, but requires further investigation at the canopy scale to resolve ecosystem processes. Previous canopy-scale efforts were limited to data rates of 1Hz. While 1 Hz measurements may work in a few ecosystems, it is widely accepted that data rates of 10 to 20 Hz are needed to fully capture the exchange of traces gases between the atmosphere and vegetative canopy. A second goal of this campaign was to determine if canopy observations could provide information to help interpret the seasonal double peak in airborne observations at SGP of CO 2 and COS mixing ratios. A third goal was to detect potential sources and sinks of COS that must be resolved before using COS as a tracer of gross primary productivity (GPP).

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of California, Merced, CA (United States)
  2. Carnegie Inst. of Science, Stanford, CA (United States)
  3. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States)
  4. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  5. Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA (United States)
  6. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  7. Pierre and Marie Curie Univ., Paris (France)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program, Washington, DC (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)
OSTI Identifier:
1251154
Report Number(s):
DOE/SC-ARM-16-024
DOE Contract Number:
AC05-7601830
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; atmospheric carbonyl sulfide, Southern Great Plains, gross primary productivity, carbon cycle

Citation Formats

Campbell, J. Elliott, Berry, Joseph A., Billesbach, Dave, Torn, Margaret S, Zahniser, Mark, Seibt, Ulrike, and Maseyk, Kadmiel. Carbonyl Sulfide for Tracing Carbon Fluxes Field Campaign Report. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.2172/1251154.
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Campbell, J. Elliott, Berry, Joseph A., Billesbach, Dave, Torn, Margaret S, Zahniser, Mark, Seibt, Ulrike, & Maseyk, Kadmiel. Carbonyl Sulfide for Tracing Carbon Fluxes Field Campaign Report. United States. doi:10.2172/1251154.
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Campbell, J. Elliott, Berry, Joseph A., Billesbach, Dave, Torn, Margaret S, Zahniser, Mark, Seibt, Ulrike, and Maseyk, Kadmiel. Fri . "Carbonyl Sulfide for Tracing Carbon Fluxes Field Campaign Report". United States. doi:10.2172/1251154. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1251154.
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@article{osti_1251154,
title = {Carbonyl Sulfide for Tracing Carbon Fluxes Field Campaign Report},
author = {Campbell, J. Elliott and Berry, Joseph A. and Billesbach, Dave and Torn, Margaret S and Zahniser, Mark and Seibt, Ulrike and Maseyk, Kadmiel},
abstractNote = {The April-June 2012 campaign was located at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility Southern Great Plains (SGP) site Central Facility and had three purposes. One goal was to demonstrate the ability of current instrumentation to correctly measure fluxes of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS). The approach has been describe previously as a critical approach to advancing carbon cycle science1,2, but requires further investigation at the canopy scale to resolve ecosystem processes. Previous canopy-scale efforts were limited to data rates of 1Hz. While 1 Hz measurements may work in a few ecosystems, it is widely accepted that data rates of 10 to 20 Hz are needed to fully capture the exchange of traces gases between the atmosphere and vegetative canopy. A second goal of this campaign was to determine if canopy observations could provide information to help interpret the seasonal double peak in airborne observations at SGP of CO2 and COS mixing ratios. A third goal was to detect potential sources and sinks of COS that must be resolved before using COS as a tracer of gross primary productivity (GPP).},
doi = {10.2172/1251154},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Fri Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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Technical Report:
View Technical Report (0.82 MB)
DOI:  10.2172/1251154
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  • The effects of photoinduced processes on carbon cycling and the biospheric emission of two important trace carbon gases--carbon monoxide and carbonyl sulfide--are examined. Both of these gases are likely to play an important role in the biospheric feedbacks that may reinforce or attenuate future changes in climate. Evidence is presented to support the hypothesis that a significant fraction of the global sources of both of these gases derives from the photochemical fragmentation of decayed plant materials and other biogenic organic matter in terrestrial and marine environments.

  • ; ; ; ...
    Atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS) analysis has the potentially transformative capability for partitioning the regional carbon flux into respiration and photosynthesis components. This emerging approach is based on the observation that continental atmospheric CO2 gradients are dominated by net ecosystem fluxes while continental atmospheric COS gradients are dominated by photosynthesis-related plant uptake. Regional flux partitioning represents a critical knowledge gap due to a lack of robust methods for regional-scale flux partitioning and large uncertainties in forecasting carbon-climate feedbacks. Our completed project characterized the relationship between COS and CO2 surface fluxes using a novel measurement and modeling system in a winter wheatmore » field at the U.S. Department of Energy?s Atmospheric and Radiation Measurement program Central Facility (DOE-ARM CF). The scope of this project included canopy flux measurements, soil flux measurements, regional atmospheric modeling, and analysis of COS and CO2 airborne observations at SGP. Three critical discoveries emerged from this investigation: (1) the new measurement system provided the first field evidence of a robust relationship between COS leaf fluxes and GPP; (2) a previously unknown seasonal soil source of COS was observed and characterized; (3) the regional atmospheric analysis of airborne measurements provided the first COS-based constraints on GPP parameterizations used in earth systems models. Dissemination of these results includes three publications [Billesbach et al., In Press; Campbell et al., In Preparation; Seibt et al., In Review], three presentations at the AGU Fall Meeting (2012), and four invited presentations to department seminars. We have leveraged this foundational project to continue our work on understanding carbon cycle processes at large scales through one funded project (DOE Lab Fee, 2012-2015) and one proposal that is under review (DOE/NASA/USDA/NOAA, 2014-2016).« less

  • ;
    A precision gas chromatograph, coupled to a quadrupole mass spectrometer and an on-line computer, was used to study the fractionation on Porasil A of the /sup 32/S//sup 34/S isotopic pair in a variety of sulfur-containing molecules. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) yielded an average ..cap alpha.. value of 1.00074 +- 0.00017 (standard deviation) for the temperature range 25/sup 0/C to 75/sup 0/C. The carbon disulfide (CS/sub 2/) value was 1.00069 +- 0.00023 for the range 53/sup 0/C to 103/sup 0/C, and that for sulfur dioxide (SO/sub 2/) was 1.00090 +- 0.00018 for the range 62/sup 0/C to 112/sup 0/C. Differential thermodynamic datamore » have been reported. A Porapak Q column showed no fractionation of this isotopic pair in these three molecules.« less

  • ;
    This interim report describes work performed during the first eight months of a continuing project, including descriptions of sample preparations and analyses. The objective of the study is to determine the effects of carbonyl sulfide, a product of the carbon monoxide/ethanol desulfurization process, on coal. A coal is first treated with carbon monoxide to reduce pyrite, and is then reacted with OCS and N/sub 2/ under various conditions. OCS is a potent resulfurization agent and appears to affect the formation of mesophase in chars derived from the coal. 8 refs., 1 fig., 8 tabs.

  • ; ;
    The purpose of this supplemental report is to provide information that will allow the EPA to know the tolerable concentrations of carbon disulfide and carbonyl sulfide in the ambient air. Carbon disulfide (CS2) and carbonyl sulfide (COS) are volatile substances of moderate toxicity, odor, and environmental lifetimes (days). Vapors emitted from sources are expected to follow normal atmospheric dispersion principles. The contents of the report include: Chemical and physical properties; Environmental exposure factors; Estimates of ambient air concentrations; Health and welfare effects; and, Environmental quality aspects. (GRA)