Concealed d -wave pairs in the s ± condensate of iron-based superconductors

Ong, Tzen; Coleman, Piers; Schmalian, Jörg

doi:10.1073/pnas.1523064113

Title: Concealed d -wave pairs in the s ^± condensate of iron-based superconductors

Journal Article · Mon May 02 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1523064113· OSTI ID:1250546

Ong, Tzen ^[1]; Coleman, Piers ^[2]; Schmalian, Jörg ^[3]

Center for Materials Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854,
Center for Materials Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854,, Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, United Kingdom,
Institute for Theory of Condensed Matter, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany,, DFG Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany

A central question in iron-based superconductivity is the mechanism by which the paired electrons minimize their strong mutual Coulomb repulsion. In most unconventional superconductors, Coulomb repulsion is minimized through the formation of higher angular momentum Cooper pairs, with Fermi surface nodes in the pair wavefunction. The apparent absence of such nodes in the iron-based superconductors has led to a belief they form an s-wave (s^±) singlet state, which changes sign between the electron and hole pockets. However, the multiorbital nature of these systems opens an alternative possibility. In this paper, we propose a new class of s^± state containing a condensate of d-wave Cooper pairs, concealed by their entanglement with the iron orbitals. By combining the d-wave (L=2) motion of the pairs with the internal angular momenta I =2 of the iron orbitals to make a singlet (J =L+I =0), an s^± superconductor with a nontrivial topology is formed. This scenario allows us to understand the development of octet nodes in potassium-doped Ba_1$$-$$xK_XFe₂As₂ as a reconfiguration of the orbital and internal angular momentum into a high spin (J =L+I =4) state; the reverse transition under pressure into a fully gapped state can then be interpreted as a return to the low-spin singlet. Finally, the formation of orbitally entangled pairs is predicted to give rise to a shift in the orbital content at the Fermi surface, which can be tested via laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

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Research Organization:: Rutgers Univ., Piscataway, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-99ER45790

OSTI ID:: 1250546

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1347954

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Vol. 113 Journal Issue: 20; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 30 works

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Title: Concealed d -wave pairs in the s ^± condensate of iron-based superconductors