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Title: Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy in Conjunction with Nanoindentation to Study Molecular-Scale Interactions of Phenol-Formaldehyde in Wood Cell Walls

Abstract

Understanding and controlling molecular-scale interactions between adhesives and wood polymers are critical to accelerate the development of improved adhesives for advanced wood-based materials. The submicrometer resolution of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) was found capable of mapping and quantifying infiltration of Br-labeled phenolformaldehyde (BrPF) into wood cell walls. Cell wall infiltration of five BrPF adhesives with different average molecular weights (MWs) was mapped. Nanoindentation on the same cell walls was performed to assess the effects of BrPF infiltration on cell wall hygromechanical properties. For the same amount of weight uptake, lower MW BrPF adhesives were found to be more effective at decreasing moisture-induced mechanical softening. This greater effectiveness of lower MW phenolic adhesives likely resulted from their ability to more intimately associate with water sorption sites in the wood polymers. Evidence also suggests that a BrPF interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) formed within the wood polymers, which might also decrease moisture sorption by mechanically restraining wood polymers during swelling.

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
U.S. Department of Agriculture - Forest Service; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1248044
DOE Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 7; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1944-8244
Publisher:
American Chemical Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
X-ray fluorescence microscopy; adhesive; infiltration; nanoindentation; wood

Citation Formats

Jakes, Joseph E., Hunt, Chris G., Yelle, Daniel J., Lorenz, Linda, Hirth, Kolby, Gleber, Sophie-Charlotte, Vogt, Stefan, Grigsby, Warren, and Frihart, Charles R. Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy in Conjunction with Nanoindentation to Study Molecular-Scale Interactions of Phenol-Formaldehyde in Wood Cell Walls. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1021/am5087598.
Jakes, Joseph E., Hunt, Chris G., Yelle, Daniel J., Lorenz, Linda, Hirth, Kolby, Gleber, Sophie-Charlotte, Vogt, Stefan, Grigsby, Warren, & Frihart, Charles R. Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy in Conjunction with Nanoindentation to Study Molecular-Scale Interactions of Phenol-Formaldehyde in Wood Cell Walls. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/am5087598
Jakes, Joseph E., Hunt, Chris G., Yelle, Daniel J., Lorenz, Linda, Hirth, Kolby, Gleber, Sophie-Charlotte, Vogt, Stefan, Grigsby, Warren, and Frihart, Charles R. 2015. "Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy in Conjunction with Nanoindentation to Study Molecular-Scale Interactions of Phenol-Formaldehyde in Wood Cell Walls". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/am5087598.
@article{osti_1248044,
title = {Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy in Conjunction with Nanoindentation to Study Molecular-Scale Interactions of Phenol-Formaldehyde in Wood Cell Walls},
author = {Jakes, Joseph E. and Hunt, Chris G. and Yelle, Daniel J. and Lorenz, Linda and Hirth, Kolby and Gleber, Sophie-Charlotte and Vogt, Stefan and Grigsby, Warren and Frihart, Charles R.},
abstractNote = {Understanding and controlling molecular-scale interactions between adhesives and wood polymers are critical to accelerate the development of improved adhesives for advanced wood-based materials. The submicrometer resolution of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) was found capable of mapping and quantifying infiltration of Br-labeled phenolformaldehyde (BrPF) into wood cell walls. Cell wall infiltration of five BrPF adhesives with different average molecular weights (MWs) was mapped. Nanoindentation on the same cell walls was performed to assess the effects of BrPF infiltration on cell wall hygromechanical properties. For the same amount of weight uptake, lower MW BrPF adhesives were found to be more effective at decreasing moisture-induced mechanical softening. This greater effectiveness of lower MW phenolic adhesives likely resulted from their ability to more intimately associate with water sorption sites in the wood polymers. Evidence also suggests that a BrPF interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) formed within the wood polymers, which might also decrease moisture sorption by mechanically restraining wood polymers during swelling.},
doi = {10.1021/am5087598},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1248044}, journal = {ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces},
issn = {1944-8244},
number = 12,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}