Long-lived nanosecond spin relaxation and spin coherence of electrons in monolayer MoS2 and WS2

doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3419

Title: Long-lived nanosecond spin relaxation and spin coherence of electrons in monolayer MoS ₂ and WS ₂

Abstract

The recently discovered monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) provide a fertile playground to explore new coupled spin–valley physics. Although robust spin and valley degrees of freedom are inferred from polarized photoluminescence (PL) experiments PL timescales are necessarily constrained by short-lived (3–100 ps) electron–hole recombination9, 10. Direct probes of spin/valley polarization dynamics of resident carriers in electron (or hole)-doped TMDCs, which may persist long after recombination ceases, are at an early stage. Here we directly measure the coupled spin–valley dynamics in electron-doped MoS ₂ and WS ₂ monolayers using optical Kerr spectroscopy, and reveal very long electron spin lifetimes, exceeding 3 ns at 5 K (2-3 orders of magnitude longer than typical exciton recombination times). In contrast with conventional III–V or II–VI semiconductors, spin relaxation accelerates rapidly in small transverse magnetic fields. Supported by a model of coupled spin–valley dynamics, these results indicate a novel mechanism of itinerant electron spin dephasing in the rapidly fluctuating internal spin–orbit field in TMDCs, driven by fast inter-valley scattering. Additionally, a long-lived spin coherence is observed at lower energies, commensurate with localized states. These studies provide insight into the physics underpinning spin and valley dynamics of resident electrons in atomically thin TMDCs.

Authors:

Yang, Luyi ^[1]; Sinitsyn, Nikolai A. ^[2]; Chen, Weibing ^[3]; Yuan, Jiangtan ^[3]; Zhang, Jing ^[3]; Lou, Jun ^[3]; Crooker, Scott A. ^[1]

National High Magnetic Field Lab., Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)

Publication Date:: 2015-08-03

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1235921

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-15-22447
Journal ID: ISSN 1745-2473; nphys3419

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

Resource Type:: Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nature Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 1745-2473

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; spintronics; two-dimensional materials

Citation Formats


                    Yang, Luyi, Sinitsyn, Nikolai A., Chen, Weibing, Yuan, Jiangtan, Zhang, Jing, Lou, Jun, and Crooker, Scott  A. Long-lived nanosecond spin relaxation and spin coherence of electrons in monolayer MoS2 and WS2.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
        Web.  doi:10.1038/nphys3419.

Copy to clipboard


                    Yang, Luyi, Sinitsyn, Nikolai A., Chen, Weibing, Yuan, Jiangtan, Zhang, Jing, Lou, Jun, & Crooker, Scott  A. Long-lived nanosecond spin relaxation and spin coherence of electrons in monolayer MoS2 and WS2.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3419

Copy to clipboard


                    Yang, Luyi, Sinitsyn, Nikolai A., Chen, Weibing, Yuan, Jiangtan, Zhang, Jing, Lou, Jun, and Crooker, Scott  A. Mon .  
        "Long-lived nanosecond spin relaxation and spin coherence of electrons in monolayer MoS2 and WS2".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3419.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1235921.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1235921,

  title        = {Long-lived nanosecond spin relaxation and spin coherence of electrons in monolayer MoS2 and WS2},

  author       = {Yang, Luyi and Sinitsyn, Nikolai A. and Chen, Weibing and Yuan, Jiangtan and Zhang, Jing and Lou, Jun and Crooker, Scott  A.},

  abstractNote = {The recently discovered monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) provide a fertile playground to explore new coupled spin–valley physics. Although robust spin and valley degrees of freedom are inferred from polarized photoluminescence (PL) experiments PL timescales are necessarily constrained by short-lived (3–100 ps) electron–hole recombination9, 10. Direct probes of spin/valley polarization dynamics of resident carriers in electron (or hole)-doped TMDCs, which may persist long after recombination ceases, are at an early stage. Here we directly measure the coupled spin–valley dynamics in electron-doped MoS2 and WS2 monolayers using optical Kerr spectroscopy, and reveal very long electron spin lifetimes, exceeding 3 ns at 5 K (2-3 orders of magnitude longer than typical exciton recombination times). In contrast with conventional III–V or II–VI semiconductors, spin relaxation accelerates rapidly in small transverse magnetic fields. Supported by a model of coupled spin–valley dynamics, these results indicate a novel mechanism of itinerant electron spin dephasing in the rapidly fluctuating internal spin–orbit field in TMDCs, driven by fast inter-valley scattering. Additionally, a long-lived spin coherence is observed at lower energies, commensurate with localized states. These studies provide insight into the physics underpinning spin and valley dynamics of resident electrons in atomically thin TMDCs.},

  doi          = {10.1038/nphys3419},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1235921},
  journal      = {Nature Physics},

  issn         = {1745-2473},

  number       = 10,

  volume       = 11,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2015},

  month        = {8}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3419

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 78 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Coupled Spin and Valley Physics in Monolayers of ${MoS}_{2}$ and Other Group-VI Dichalcogenides
journal, May 2012

Xiao, Di; Liu, Gui-Bin; Feng, Wanxiang
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 19
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.196802

Spin and pseudospins in layered transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, April 2014

Xu, Xiaodong; Yao, Wang; Xiao, Di
Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 5
https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2942

The valley Hall effect in MoS2 transistors
journal, June 2014

Mak, K. F.; McGill, K. L.; Park, J.
Science, Vol. 344, Issue 6191
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1250140

Emerging Photoluminescence in Monolayer MoS₂
journal, April 2010

Splendiani, Andrea; Sun, Liang; Zhang, Yuanbo
Nano Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 4, p. 1271-1275
https://doi.org/10.1021/nl903868w

Atomically Thin ${MoS}_{2}$ A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor
journal, September 2010

Mak, Kin Fai; Lee, Changgu; Hone, James
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 13, Article No.136805
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.136805

Valley polarization in MoS2 monolayers by optical pumping
journal, June 2012

Zeng, Hualing; Dai, Junfeng; Yao, Wang
Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 8
https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2012.95

Robust optical emission polarization in MoS $_{2}$ monolayers through selective valley excitation
journal, August 2012

Sallen, G.; Bouet, L.; Marie, X.
Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 8
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.081301

Optical generation of excitonic valley coherence in monolayer WSe2
journal, August 2013

Jones, Aaron M.; Yu, Hongyi; Ghimire, Nirmal J.
Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 8, Issue 9
https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2013.151

Carrier and Polarization Dynamics in Monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, January 2014

Lagarde, D.; Bouet, L.; Marie, X.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.047401

Valley dynamics probed through charged and neutral exciton emission in monolayer ${WSe}_{2}$
journal, August 2014

Wang, G.; Bouet, L.; Lagarde, D.
Physical Review B, Vol. 90, Issue 7
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.90.075413

Exciton valley dynamics probed by Kerr rotation in ${WSe}_{2}$ monolayers
journal, October 2014

Zhu, C. R.; Zhang, K.; Glazov, M.
Physical Review B, Vol. 90, Issue 16
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.90.161302

Room-Temperature Spin Memory in Two-Dimensional Electron Gases
journal, August 1997

Kikkawa, J. M.
Science, Vol. 277, Issue 5330
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5330.1284

Vapour phase growth and grain boundary structure of molybdenum disulphide atomic layers
journal, June 2013

Najmaei, Sina; Liu, Zheng; Zhou, Wu
Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 8, p. 754-759
https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3673

Many-Body Effects in Valleytronics: Direct Measurement of Valley Lifetimes in Single-Layer MoS ₂
journal, December 2013

Mai, Cong; Barrette, Andrew; Yu, Yifei
Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1021/nl403742j

Coherent Electronic Coupling in Atomically Thin ${MoSe}_{2}$
journal, May 2014

Singh, Akshay; Moody, Galan; Wu, Sanfeng
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 21
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.216804

Low-temperature spin relaxation in n -type GaAs
journal, December 2002

Dzhioev, R. I.; Kavokin, K. V.; Korenev, V. L.
Physical Review B, Vol. 66, Issue 24
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.66.245204

Local Hanle-effect studies of spin drift and diffusion in n:GaAs epilayers and spin-transport devices
journal, September 2007

Furis, M.; Smith, D. L.; Kos, S.
New Journal of Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 9
https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/9/9/347

Monolayer MoS $_{2}$ : Trigonal warping, the $Γ$ valley, and spin-orbit coupling effects
journal, July 2013

Kormányos, Andor; Zólyomi, Viktor; Drummond, Neil D.
Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.045416

Large spin splitting in the conduction band of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
journal, December 2013

Kośmider, K.; González, J. W.; Fernández-Rossier, J.
Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 24
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.245436

Spin and Valley Noise in Two-Dimensional Dirac Materials
journal, July 2014

Tse, Wang-Kong; Saxena, A.; Smith, D. L.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.046602

Anisotropy-Driven Spin Relaxation in Germanium
journal, December 2013

Li, Pengke; Li, Jing; Qing, Lan
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 25
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.257204

Spin-orbit-mediated spin relaxation in monolayer MoS $_{2}$
journal, June 2013

Ochoa, H.; Roldán, R.
Physical Review B, Vol. 87, Issue 24
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.245421

Electron spin relaxation due to D'yakonov-Perel' and Elliot-Yafet mechanisms in monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$ : Role of intravalley and intervalley processes
journal, March 2014

Wang, L.; Wu, M. W.
Physical Review B, Vol. 89, Issue 11
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.115302

Transport Theory of Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides through Symmetry
journal, July 2013

Song, Yang; Dery, Hanan
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.026601

Spin coherence of a two-dimensional electron gas induced by resonant excitation of trions and excitons in $Cd Te ∕ (Cd, Mg) Te$ quantum wells
journal, November 2007

Zhukov, E. A.; Yakovlev, D. R.; Bayer, M.
Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 20
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.76.205310

Optical excitation and control of electron spins in semiconductor quantum wells
journal, April 2010

Chen, Zhigang; Carter, Samuel G.; Bratschitsch, Rudolf
Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, Vol. 42, Issue 6
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2010.01.043

Works referencing / citing this record:

Evidence for line width and carrier screening effects on excitonic valley relaxation in 2D semiconductors
journal, July 2018

Miyauchi, Yuhei; Konabe, Satoru; Wang, Feijiu
Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04988-x

Thermal Engineering in Low-Dimensional Quantum Devices: A Tutorial Review of Nonequilibrium Green's Function Methods
journal, April 2018

Chen, Xiaobin; Liu, Yizhou; Duan, Wenhui
Small Methods, Vol. 2, Issue 6
https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.201700343

Two-dimensional semiconductors in the regime of strong light-matter coupling
journal, July 2018

Schneider, Christian; Glazov, Mikhail M.; Korn, Tobias
Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04866-6

Hyperfine interaction in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, January 2019

Avdeev, Ivan D.; Smirnov, Dmitry S.
Nanoscale Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 7
https://doi.org/10.1039/c8na00360b

Thermal Engineering in Low-Dimensional Quantum Devices: A Tutorial Review of Nonequilibrium Green's Function Methods
journal, April 2018

Chen, Xiaobin; Liu, Yizhou; Duan, Wenhui
Small Methods, Vol. 2, Issue 6
https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.201700343

Two-dimensional semiconductors in the regime of strong light-matter coupling
journal, July 2018

Schneider, Christian; Glazov, Mikhail M.; Korn, Tobias
Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04866-6

Evidence for line width and carrier screening effects on excitonic valley relaxation in 2D semiconductors
journal, July 2018

Miyauchi, Yuhei; Konabe, Satoru; Wang, Feijiu
Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04988-x

Exciton valley dynamics in monolayer WSe ₂ probed by the two-color ultrafast Kerr rotation
journal, January 2017

Yan, Tengfei; Ye, Jialiang; Qiao, Xiaofen
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1039/c6cp07208a

Hyperfine interaction in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, January 2019

Avdeev, Ivan D.; Smirnov, Dmitry S.
Nanoscale Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 7
https://doi.org/10.1039/c8na00360b

Spin depolarization dynamics of WSe ₂ bilayer
journal, May 2018

Niu, Binghui; Ye, Jialiang; Li, Ting
Chinese Physics B, Vol. 27, Issue 5
https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/27/5/057202

Alpha Lead Oxide (α-PbO): A New 2D Material with Visible Light Sensitivity
journal, February 2018

Kumar, Prashant; Liu, Jing; Ranjan, Pranay
Small, Vol. 14, Issue 12
https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201703346

Electric Field Effect in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
journal, December 2016

Liu, Fucai; Zhou, Jiadong; Zhu, Chao
Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 19
https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201602404

Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy of Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene
journal, December 2016

Ceballos, Frank; Zhao, Hui
Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 19
https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201604509

An Ultrabroadband Mid-Infrared Pulsed Optical Switch Employing Solution-Processed Bismuth Oxyselenide
journal, June 2018

Tian, Xiangling; Luo, Hongyu; Wei, Rongfei
Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 31
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201801021

Effect of Dielectric Environment on Excitonic Dynamics in Monolayer WS ₂
journal, September 2019

Fu, Yang; He, Dawei; He, Jiaqi
Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 6, Issue 23
https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201901307

Room-Temperature Nanoseconds Spin Relaxation in WTe ₂ and MoTe ₂ Thin Films
journal, April 2018

Wang, Qisheng; Li, Jie; Besbas, Jean
Advanced Science, Vol. 5, Issue 6
https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201700912

Valleytronics in 2D materials
journal, August 2016

Schaibley, John R.; Yu, Hongyi; Clark, Genevieve
Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 11
https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.55

A two-dimensional spin field-effect switch
journal, November 2016

Yan, Wenjing; Txoperena, Oihana; Llopis, Roger
Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13372

Electrical spin injection and detection in molybdenum disulfide multilayer channel
journal, April 2017

Liang, Shiheng; Yang, Huaiwen; Renucci, Pierre
Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14947

Electrical gate control of spin current in van der Waals heterostructures at room temperature
journal, July 2017

Dankert, André; Dash, Saroj P.
Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms16093

Valley magnetoelectricity in single-layer MoS2
journal, July 2017

Lee, Jieun; Wang, Zefang; Xie, Hongchao
Nature Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 9
https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4931

Direct measurement of exciton valley coherence in monolayer WSe2
journal, February 2016

Hao, Kai; Moody, Galan; Wu, Fengcheng
Nature Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 7
https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3674

Long valley lifetime of dark excitons in single-layer WSe2
journal, September 2019

Tang, Yanhao; Mak, Kin Fai; Shan, Jie
Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12129-1

Ultrafast dynamics in van der Waals heterostructures
journal, November 2018

Jin, Chenhao; Ma, Eric Yue; Karni, Ouri
Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 13, Issue 11
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0298-5

Optical initialization of a single spin-valley in charged WSe2 quantum dots
journal, March 2019

Lu, Xin; Chen, Xiaotong; Dubey, Sudipta
Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 14, Issue 5
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-019-0394-1

Light–valley interactions in 2D semiconductors
journal, July 2018

Mak, Kin Fai; Xiao, Di; Shan, Jie
Nature Photonics, Vol. 12, Issue 8
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0204-6

Strongly anisotropic spin relaxation in graphene–transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures at room temperature
journal, December 2017

Benítez, L. Antonio; Sierra, Juan F.; Savero Torres, Williams
Nature Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-017-0019-2

Exchange-driven intravalley mixing of excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, December 2018

Guo, Liang; Wu, Meng; Cao, Ting
Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-018-0362-y

Exciton valley dynamics in monolayer Mo _1-x W _x Se ₂ (x = 0, 0.5, 1)
journal, October 2017

Ye, Jialiang; Niu, Binghui; Li, Ying
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 15
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4995517

Broadband ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy in the 25 T Split Florida-Helix
journal, July 2018

Curtis, Jeremy A.; Burch, Ashlyn D.; Barman, Biplob
Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 7
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5023384

The 2017 Magnetism Roadmap
journal, August 2017

Sander, D.; Valenzuela, S. O.; Makarov, D.
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 36
https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa81a1

Dynamical screening in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides and its manifestations in the exciton spectrum
journal, March 2019

Scharf, Benedikt; Van Tuan, Dinh; Žutić, Igor
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 31, Issue 20
https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ab071f

Ultra-low power threshold for laser induced changes in optical properties of 2D molybdenum dichalcogenides
journal, October 2016

Cadiz, Fabian; Robert, Cedric; Wang, Gang
2D Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/3/4/045008

Trion valley coherence in monolayer semiconductors
journal, May 2017

Hao, Kai; Xu, Lixiang; Wu, Fengcheng
2D Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aa70f9

Electron spin relaxation in a transition-metal dichalcogenide quantum dot
journal, June 2017

Pearce, Alexander J.; Burkard, Guido
2D Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aa7364

Spin- and valley-polarized transport across line defects in monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, January 2016

Pulkin, Artem; Yazyev, Oleg V.
Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.93.041419

Spin relaxation in a hole-doped transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayer and bilayer with crystal defects
journal, February 2016

Habe, Tetsuro; Koshino, Mikito
Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 7
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.93.075415

Strain-controlled spin splitting in the conduction band of monolayer ${WS}_{2}$
journal, September 2016

Absor, Moh. Adhib Ulil; Kotaka, Hiroki; Ishii, Fumiyuki
Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 11
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.94.115131

Excitonic Stark effect in ${MoS}_{2}$ monolayers
journal, December 2016

Scharf, Benedikt; Frank, Tobias; Gmitra, Martin
Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 24
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.94.245434

Temporal and spatial valley dynamics in two-dimensional semiconductors probed via Kerr rotation
journal, February 2017

Huang, Jiani; Hoang, Thang B.; Ming, Tian
Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 7
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.95.075428

Spin-degenerate regimes for single quantum dots in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
journal, June 2017

Brooks, Matthew; Burkard, Guido
Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 24
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.95.245411

Symmetry-forbidden intervalley scattering by atomic defects in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides
journal, December 2017

Kaasbjerg, Kristen; Martiny, Johannes H. J.; Low, Tony
Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 24
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.96.241411

Phonon dispersion in ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, April 2019

Tornatzky, Hans; Gillen, Roland; Uchiyama, Hiroshi
Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 14
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.99.144309

Quantum Transport and Observation of Dyakonov-Perel Spin-Orbit Scattering in Monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, January 2016

Schmidt, H.; Yudhistira, I.; Chu, L.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.116.046803

Long-Lived Valley Polarization of Intravalley Trions in Monolayer ${WSe}_{2}$
journal, December 2016

Singh, Akshay; Tran, Kha; Kolarczik, Mirco
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 25
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.117.257402

Giant Paramagnetism-Induced Valley Polarization of Electrons in Charge-Tunable Monolayer ${MoSe}_{2}$
journal, June 2017

Back, Patrick; Sidler, Meinrad; Cotlet, Ovidiu
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 23
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.118.237404

In-Plane Propagation of Light in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers: Optical Selection Rules
journal, July 2017

Wang, G.; Robert, C.; Glazov, M. M.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.119.047401

Spin Accumulation and Dynamics in Inversion-Symmetric van der Waals Crystals
journal, June 2018

Guimarães, M. H. D.; Koopmans, B.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 26
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.120.266801

Optical spectroscopy of excited exciton states in ${MoS}_{2}$ monolayers in van der Waals heterostructures
journal, January 2018

Robert, C.; Semina, M. A.; Cadiz, F.
Physical Review Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.2.011001

Excitonic Linewidth Approaching the Homogeneous Limit in ${MoS}_{2}$ -Based van der Waals Heterostructures
journal, May 2017

Cadiz, F.; Courtade, E.; Robert, C.
Physical Review X, Vol. 7, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.7.021026

Marrying Excitons and Plasmons in Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides
journal, November 2017

Van Tuan, Dinh; Scharf, Benedikt; Žutić, Igor
Physical Review X, Vol. 7, Issue 4
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.7.041040

Colloquium : Excitons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, April 2018

Wang, Gang; Chernikov, Alexey; Glazov, Mikhail M.
Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 90, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.90.021001

Observation of ultralong valley lifetime in WSe ₂ /MoS ₂ heterostructures
journal, July 2017

Kim, Jonghwan; Jin, Chenhao; Chen, Bin
Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 7
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700518

Nearly room temperature ferromagnetism in a magnetic metal-rich van der Waals metal
journal, January 2020

Seo, Junho; Kim, Duck Young; An, Eun Su
Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay8912

Imaging of pure spin-valley diffusion current in WS ₂ -WSe ₂ heterostructures
journal, May 2018

Jin, Chenhao; Kim, Jonghwan; Utama, M. Iqbal Bakti
Science, Vol. 360, Issue 6391
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao3503

Similar records in OSTI.GOV collections:

Dynamics and Spin-Valley Locking Effects in Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

Journal Article Ciccarino, Christopher J. ; Christensen, Thomas ; Sundararaman, Ravishankar ; ... - Nano Letters

Transition metal dichalcogenides have been the primary materials of interest in the field of valleytronics for their potential in information storage, yet the limiting factor has been achieving long valley decoherence times. We explore the dynamics of four monolayer TMDCs (MoS ₂, MoSe ₂, WS ₂, WSe ₂) using ab initio calculations to describe electron–electron and electron–phonon interactions. By comparing calculations which both omit and include relativistic effects, we isolate the impact of spin-resolved spin–orbit coupling on transport properties. In our work, we find that spin–orbit coupling increases carrier lifetimes at the valence band edge by an order of magnitudemore »« less
Cited by 9
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02300

Full Text Available
Ultrafast dynamics in van der Waals heterostructures

Journal Article Jin, Chenhao ; Ma, Eric Yue ; Karni, Ouri ; ... - Nature Nanotechnology

Van der Waals heterostructures are synthetic quantum materials composed of stacks of atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) layers. Because the electrons in the atomically thin 2D layers are exposed to layer-to-layer coupling, the properties of van der Waals heterostructures are defined not only by the constituent monolayers, but also by the interactions between the layers. Many fascinating electrical, optical and magnetic properties have recently been reported in different types of van der Waals heterostructures. In this Review, we focus on unique excited-state dynamics in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) heterostructures. TMDC monolayers are the most widely studied 2D semiconductors, featuring prominent excitonmore »« less
Cited by 40
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0298-5

Full Text Available
Giant spin-splitting and gap renormalization driven by trions in single-layer WS ₂/h-BN heterostructures

Journal Article Katoch, Jyoti ; Ulstrup, Soren ; Koch, Roland J. ; ... - Nature Physics

In two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), new electronic phenomena such as tunable bandgaps and strongly bound excitons and trions emerge from strong many-body effects, beyond the spin and valley degrees of freedom induced by spin-orbit coupling and by lattice symmetry. Combining single-layer TMDs with other 2D materials in van der Waals heterostructures offers an intriguing means of controlling the electronic properties through these many-body effects, by means of engineered interlayer interactions. Here, we use micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (microARPES) and in situ surface doping to manipulate the electronic structure of single-layer WS ₂ on hexagonal boron nitride (WSmore »« less
Cited by 15
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-017-0033-4

Full Text Available
How Substitutional Point Defects in Two-Dimensional WS ₂ Induce Charge Localization, Spin–Orbit Splitting, and Strain

Journal Article Schuler, Bruno ; Lee, Jun-Ho ; Kastl, Christoph ; ... - ACS Nano

Control of impurity concentrations in semiconducting materials is essential to device technology. Because of their intrinsic confinement, the properties of two-dimensional semiconductors such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are more sensitive to defects than traditional bulk materials. The technological adoption of TMDs is dependent on the mitigation of deleterious defects and guided incorporation of functional foreign atoms. The first step toward impurity control is the identification of defects and assessment of their electronic properties. Here, we present a comprehensive study of point defects in monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS ₂) grown by chemical vapor deposition using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, CO-tip noncontactmore »« less
Cited by 12
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b04611

Full Text Available
Emerging photoluminescence from the dark-exciton phonon replica in monolayer WSe ₂

Journal Article Li, Zhipeng ; Wang, Tianmeng ; Jin, Chenhao ; ... - Nature Communications

Tungsten-based monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides host a long-lived “dark” exciton, an electron-hole pair in a spin-triplet configuration. The long lifetime and unique spin properties of the dark exciton provide exciting opportunities to explore light-matter interactions beyond electric dipole transitions. Here we demonstrate that the coupling of the dark exciton and an optically silent chiral phonon enables the intrinsic photoluminescence of the dark-exciton replica in monolayer WSe ₂. Gate and magnetic-field dependent PL measurements unveil a circularly-polarized replica peak located below the dark exciton by 21.6 meV, equal to E" phonon energy from Se vibrations. First-principles calculations show that the exciton-phononmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10477-6

Full Text Available

Similar Records

Title: Long-lived nanosecond spin relaxation and spin coherence of electrons in monolayer MoS 2 and WS 2

Abstract

Citation Formats

Coupled Spin and Valley Physics in Monolayers of MoS 2 and Other Group-VI Dichalcogenides journal, May 2012

Spin and pseudospins in layered transition metal dichalcogenides journal, April 2014

The valley Hall effect in MoS2 transistors journal, June 2014

Emerging Photoluminescence in Monolayer MoS2 journal, April 2010

Atomically Thin MoS2 A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor journal, September 2010

Valley polarization in MoS2 monolayers by optical pumping journal, June 2012

Robust optical emission polarization in MoS 2 monolayers through selective valley excitation journal, August 2012

Optical generation of excitonic valley coherence in monolayer WSe2 journal, August 2013

Carrier and Polarization Dynamics in Monolayer MoS 2 journal, January 2014

Valley dynamics probed through charged and neutral exciton emission in monolayer WSe 2 journal, August 2014

Exciton valley dynamics probed by Kerr rotation in WSe 2 monolayers journal, October 2014

Room-Temperature Spin Memory in Two-Dimensional Electron Gases journal, August 1997

Vapour phase growth and grain boundary structure of molybdenum disulphide atomic layers journal, June 2013

Many-Body Effects in Valleytronics: Direct Measurement of Valley Lifetimes in Single-Layer MoS 2 journal, December 2013

Coherent Electronic Coupling in Atomically Thin MoSe 2 journal, May 2014

Low-temperature spin relaxation in n -type GaAs journal, December 2002

Local Hanle-effect studies of spin drift and diffusion in n:GaAs epilayers and spin-transport devices journal, September 2007

Monolayer MoS 2 : Trigonal warping, the Γ valley, and spin-orbit coupling effects journal, July 2013

Large spin splitting in the conduction band of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers journal, December 2013

Spin and Valley Noise in Two-Dimensional Dirac Materials journal, July 2014

Anisotropy-Driven Spin Relaxation in Germanium journal, December 2013

Spin-orbit-mediated spin relaxation in monolayer MoS 2 journal, June 2013

Electron spin relaxation due to D'yakonov-Perel' and Elliot-Yafet mechanisms in monolayer MoS 2 : Role of intravalley and intervalley processes journal, March 2014

Transport Theory of Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides through Symmetry journal, July 2013

Spin coherence of a two-dimensional electron gas induced by resonant excitation of trions and excitons in Cd Te ∕ ( Cd , Mg ) Te quantum wells journal, November 2007

Optical excitation and control of electron spins in semiconductor quantum wells journal, April 2010

Evidence for line width and carrier screening effects on excitonic valley relaxation in 2D semiconductors journal, July 2018

Thermal Engineering in Low-Dimensional Quantum Devices: A Tutorial Review of Nonequilibrium Green's Function Methods journal, April 2018

Two-dimensional semiconductors in the regime of strong light-matter coupling journal, July 2018

Hyperfine interaction in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides journal, January 2019

Thermal Engineering in Low-Dimensional Quantum Devices: A Tutorial Review of Nonequilibrium Green's Function Methods journal, April 2018

Two-dimensional semiconductors in the regime of strong light-matter coupling journal, July 2018

Evidence for line width and carrier screening effects on excitonic valley relaxation in 2D semiconductors journal, July 2018

Exciton valley dynamics in monolayer WSe 2 probed by the two-color ultrafast Kerr rotation journal, January 2017

Hyperfine interaction in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides journal, January 2019

Spin depolarization dynamics of WSe 2 bilayer journal, May 2018

Alpha Lead Oxide (α-PbO): A New 2D Material with Visible Light Sensitivity journal, February 2018

Electric Field Effect in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides journal, December 2016

Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy of Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene journal, December 2016

An Ultrabroadband Mid-Infrared Pulsed Optical Switch Employing Solution-Processed Bismuth Oxyselenide journal, June 2018

Effect of Dielectric Environment on Excitonic Dynamics in Monolayer WS 2 journal, September 2019

Room-Temperature Nanoseconds Spin Relaxation in WTe 2 and MoTe 2 Thin Films journal, April 2018

Valleytronics in 2D materials journal, August 2016

A two-dimensional spin field-effect switch journal, November 2016

Electrical spin injection and detection in molybdenum disulfide multilayer channel journal, April 2017

Electrical gate control of spin current in van der Waals heterostructures at room temperature journal, July 2017

Valley magnetoelectricity in single-layer MoS2 journal, July 2017

Direct measurement of exciton valley coherence in monolayer WSe2 journal, February 2016

Long valley lifetime of dark excitons in single-layer WSe2 journal, September 2019

Ultrafast dynamics in van der Waals heterostructures journal, November 2018

Optical initialization of a single spin-valley in charged WSe2 quantum dots journal, March 2019

Light–valley interactions in 2D semiconductors journal, July 2018

Strongly anisotropic spin relaxation in graphene–transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures at room temperature journal, December 2017

Exchange-driven intravalley mixing of excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides journal, December 2018

Exciton valley dynamics in monolayer Mo 1-x W x Se 2 (x = 0, 0.5, 1) journal, October 2017

Broadband ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy in the 25 T Split Florida-Helix journal, July 2018

The 2017 Magnetism Roadmap journal, August 2017

Dynamical screening in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides and its manifestations in the exciton spectrum journal, March 2019

Ultra-low power threshold for laser induced changes in optical properties of 2D molybdenum dichalcogenides journal, October 2016

Trion valley coherence in monolayer semiconductors journal, May 2017

Electron spin relaxation in a transition-metal dichalcogenide quantum dot journal, June 2017

Spin- and valley-polarized transport across line defects in monolayer MoS 2 journal, January 2016

Spin relaxation in a hole-doped transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayer and bilayer with crystal defects journal, February 2016

Strain-controlled spin splitting in the conduction band of monolayer WS 2 journal, September 2016

Excitonic Stark effect in MoS 2 monolayers journal, December 2016

Temporal and spatial valley dynamics in two-dimensional semiconductors probed via Kerr rotation journal, February 2017

Spin-degenerate regimes for single quantum dots in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers journal, June 2017

Symmetry-forbidden intervalley scattering by atomic defects in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides journal, December 2017

Phonon dispersion in MoS 2 journal, April 2019

Quantum Transport and Observation of Dyakonov-Perel Spin-Orbit Scattering in Monolayer MoS 2 journal, January 2016

Long-Lived Valley Polarization of Intravalley Trions in Monolayer WSe 2 journal, December 2016

Giant Paramagnetism-Induced Valley Polarization of Electrons in Charge-Tunable Monolayer MoSe 2 journal, June 2017

In-Plane Propagation of Light in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers: Optical Selection Rules journal, July 2017

Spin Accumulation and Dynamics in Inversion-Symmetric van der Waals Crystals journal, June 2018

Optical spectroscopy of excited exciton states in MoS 2 monolayers in van der Waals heterostructures journal, January 2018

Excitonic Linewidth Approaching the Homogeneous Limit in MoS 2 -Based van der Waals Heterostructures journal, May 2017

Marrying Excitons and Plasmons in Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides journal, November 2017

Title: Long-lived nanosecond spin relaxation and spin coherence of electrons in monolayer MoS ₂ and WS ₂

Coupled Spin and Valley Physics in Monolayers of ${MoS}_{2}$ and Other Group-VI Dichalcogenides
journal, May 2012

Spin and pseudospins in layered transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, April 2014

The valley Hall effect in MoS2 transistors
journal, June 2014

Emerging Photoluminescence in Monolayer MoS₂
journal, April 2010

Atomically Thin ${MoS}_{2}$ A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor
journal, September 2010

Valley polarization in MoS2 monolayers by optical pumping
journal, June 2012

Robust optical emission polarization in MoS $_{2}$ monolayers through selective valley excitation
journal, August 2012

Optical generation of excitonic valley coherence in monolayer WSe2
journal, August 2013

Carrier and Polarization Dynamics in Monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, January 2014

Valley dynamics probed through charged and neutral exciton emission in monolayer ${WSe}_{2}$
journal, August 2014

Exciton valley dynamics probed by Kerr rotation in ${WSe}_{2}$ monolayers
journal, October 2014

Room-Temperature Spin Memory in Two-Dimensional Electron Gases
journal, August 1997

Vapour phase growth and grain boundary structure of molybdenum disulphide atomic layers
journal, June 2013

Many-Body Effects in Valleytronics: Direct Measurement of Valley Lifetimes in Single-Layer MoS ₂
journal, December 2013

Coherent Electronic Coupling in Atomically Thin ${MoSe}_{2}$
journal, May 2014

Low-temperature spin relaxation in n -type GaAs
journal, December 2002

Local Hanle-effect studies of spin drift and diffusion in n:GaAs epilayers and spin-transport devices
journal, September 2007

Monolayer MoS $_{2}$ : Trigonal warping, the $Γ$ valley, and spin-orbit coupling effects
journal, July 2013

Large spin splitting in the conduction band of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
journal, December 2013

Spin and Valley Noise in Two-Dimensional Dirac Materials
journal, July 2014

Anisotropy-Driven Spin Relaxation in Germanium
journal, December 2013

Spin-orbit-mediated spin relaxation in monolayer MoS $_{2}$
journal, June 2013

Electron spin relaxation due to D'yakonov-Perel' and Elliot-Yafet mechanisms in monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$ : Role of intravalley and intervalley processes
journal, March 2014

Transport Theory of Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides through Symmetry
journal, July 2013

Spin coherence of a two-dimensional electron gas induced by resonant excitation of trions and excitons in $Cd Te ∕ (Cd, Mg) Te$ quantum wells
journal, November 2007

Optical excitation and control of electron spins in semiconductor quantum wells
journal, April 2010

Evidence for line width and carrier screening effects on excitonic valley relaxation in 2D semiconductors
journal, July 2018

Thermal Engineering in Low-Dimensional Quantum Devices: A Tutorial Review of Nonequilibrium Green's Function Methods
journal, April 2018

Two-dimensional semiconductors in the regime of strong light-matter coupling
journal, July 2018

Hyperfine interaction in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, January 2019

Thermal Engineering in Low-Dimensional Quantum Devices: A Tutorial Review of Nonequilibrium Green's Function Methods
journal, April 2018

Two-dimensional semiconductors in the regime of strong light-matter coupling
journal, July 2018

Evidence for line width and carrier screening effects on excitonic valley relaxation in 2D semiconductors
journal, July 2018

Exciton valley dynamics in monolayer WSe ₂ probed by the two-color ultrafast Kerr rotation
journal, January 2017

Hyperfine interaction in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, January 2019

Spin depolarization dynamics of WSe ₂ bilayer
journal, May 2018

Alpha Lead Oxide (α-PbO): A New 2D Material with Visible Light Sensitivity
journal, February 2018

Electric Field Effect in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
journal, December 2016

Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy of Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene
journal, December 2016

An Ultrabroadband Mid-Infrared Pulsed Optical Switch Employing Solution-Processed Bismuth Oxyselenide
journal, June 2018

Effect of Dielectric Environment on Excitonic Dynamics in Monolayer WS ₂
journal, September 2019

Room-Temperature Nanoseconds Spin Relaxation in WTe ₂ and MoTe ₂ Thin Films
journal, April 2018

Valleytronics in 2D materials
journal, August 2016

A two-dimensional spin field-effect switch
journal, November 2016

Electrical spin injection and detection in molybdenum disulfide multilayer channel
journal, April 2017

Electrical gate control of spin current in van der Waals heterostructures at room temperature
journal, July 2017

Valley magnetoelectricity in single-layer MoS2
journal, July 2017

Direct measurement of exciton valley coherence in monolayer WSe2
journal, February 2016

Long valley lifetime of dark excitons in single-layer WSe2
journal, September 2019

Ultrafast dynamics in van der Waals heterostructures
journal, November 2018

Optical initialization of a single spin-valley in charged WSe2 quantum dots
journal, March 2019

Light–valley interactions in 2D semiconductors
journal, July 2018

Strongly anisotropic spin relaxation in graphene–transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures at room temperature
journal, December 2017

Exchange-driven intravalley mixing of excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, December 2018

Exciton valley dynamics in monolayer Mo _1-x W _x Se ₂ (x = 0, 0.5, 1)
journal, October 2017

Broadband ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy in the 25 T Split Florida-Helix
journal, July 2018

The 2017 Magnetism Roadmap
journal, August 2017

Dynamical screening in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides and its manifestations in the exciton spectrum
journal, March 2019

Ultra-low power threshold for laser induced changes in optical properties of 2D molybdenum dichalcogenides
journal, October 2016

Trion valley coherence in monolayer semiconductors
journal, May 2017

Electron spin relaxation in a transition-metal dichalcogenide quantum dot
journal, June 2017

Spin- and valley-polarized transport across line defects in monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, January 2016

Spin relaxation in a hole-doped transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayer and bilayer with crystal defects
journal, February 2016

Strain-controlled spin splitting in the conduction band of monolayer ${WS}_{2}$
journal, September 2016

Excitonic Stark effect in ${MoS}_{2}$ monolayers
journal, December 2016

Temporal and spatial valley dynamics in two-dimensional semiconductors probed via Kerr rotation
journal, February 2017

Spin-degenerate regimes for single quantum dots in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
journal, June 2017

Symmetry-forbidden intervalley scattering by atomic defects in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides
journal, December 2017

Phonon dispersion in ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, April 2019

Quantum Transport and Observation of Dyakonov-Perel Spin-Orbit Scattering in Monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, January 2016

Long-Lived Valley Polarization of Intravalley Trions in Monolayer ${WSe}_{2}$
journal, December 2016

Giant Paramagnetism-Induced Valley Polarization of Electrons in Charge-Tunable Monolayer ${MoSe}_{2}$
journal, June 2017

In-Plane Propagation of Light in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers: Optical Selection Rules
journal, July 2017

Spin Accumulation and Dynamics in Inversion-Symmetric van der Waals Crystals
journal, June 2018

Optical spectroscopy of excited exciton states in ${MoS}_{2}$ monolayers in van der Waals heterostructures
journal, January 2018

Excitonic Linewidth Approaching the Homogeneous Limit in ${MoS}_{2}$ -Based van der Waals Heterostructures
journal, May 2017

Marrying Excitons and Plasmons in Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides
journal, November 2017

Colloquium : Excitons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, April 2018

Observation of ultralong valley lifetime in WSe ₂ /MoS ₂ heterostructures
journal, July 2017