Suppression of Lithium Dendrite Growth Using Cross-Linked Polyethylene/Poly(ethylene oxide) Electrolytes: A New Approach for Practical Lithium-Metal Polymer Batteries

Khurana, Rachna; Schaefer, Jennifer L.; Archer, Lynden A.; Coates, Geoffrey W.

doi:10.1021/ja502133j

Title: Suppression of Lithium Dendrite Growth Using Cross-Linked Polyethylene/Poly(ethylene oxide) Electrolytes: A New Approach for Practical Lithium-Metal Polymer Batteries

Journal Article · Tue Apr 22 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Journal of the American Chemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/ja502133j· OSTI ID:1234558

Khurana, Rachna ^[1]; Schaefer, Jennifer L. ^[2]; Archer, Lynden A. ^[2]; Coates, Geoffrey W. ^[1]

Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Olin Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States

Solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) membranes are a critical component of high specific energy rechargeable Li-metal polymer (LMP) batteries. SPEs exhibit low volatility and thus increase the safety of Li-based batteries compared to current state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries that use flammable small-molecule electrolytes. However, most SPEs exhibit low ionic conductivity at room temperature, and often allow the growth of lithium dendrites that short-circuit the batteries. Both of these deficiencies are significant barriers to the commercialization of LMP batteries. Herein we report a cross-linked polyethylene/poly(ethylene oxide) SPE with both high ionic conductivity (>1.0 × 10^–4 S/cm at 25 °C) and excellent resistance to dendrite growth. It has been proposed that SPEs with shear moduli of the same order of magnitude as lithium could be used to suppress dendrite growth, leading to increased lifetime and safety for LMP batteries. In contrast to the theoretical predictions, the low-modulus (G' ≈ 1.0 × 10⁵ Pa at 90 °C) cross-linked SPEs reported herein exhibit remarkable dendrite growth resistance. These results suggest that a high-modulus SPE is not a requirement for the control of dendrite proliferation.

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Research Organization:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC2); Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001086

OSTI ID:: 1234558

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1387933

Journal Information:: Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the American Chemical Society Vol. 136 Journal Issue: 20; ISSN 0002-7863

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 666 works

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Title: Suppression of Lithium Dendrite Growth Using Cross-Linked Polyethylene/Poly(ethylene oxide) Electrolytes: A New Approach for Practical Lithium-Metal Polymer Batteries

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