Anisotropic swelling and microcracking of neutron irradiated Ti3AlC2-Ti5Al2C3 materials

Ang, Caen K.; Silva, Chinthaka M.; Shih, Chunghao Phillip; Koyanagi, Takaaki; Katoh, Yutai; Zinkle, Steven J.

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.11.008

Title: Anisotropic swelling and microcracking of neutron irradiated Ti₃AlC₂-Ti₅Al₂C₃ materials

Abstract

M_{n + 1}AX_n (MAX) phase materials based on Ti–Al–C have been irradiated at 400 °C (673 K) with fission neutrons to a fluence of 2 × 10²⁵ n/m² (E > 0.1 MeV), corresponding to ~ 2 displacements per atom (dpa). We report preliminary results of microcracking in the Al-containing MAX phase, which contained the phases Ti₃AlC₂ and Ti₅Al₂C₃. Equibiaxial ring-on-ring tests of irradiated coupons showed that samples retained 10% of pre-irradiated strength. Volumetric swelling of up to 4% was observed. Phase analysis and microscopy suggest that anisotropic lattice parameter swelling caused microcracking. Lastly, variants of titanium aluminum carbide may be unsuitable materials for irradiation at light water reactor-relevant temperatures.

Authors:

Ang, Caen K. ^[1]; Silva, Chinthaka M. ^[1]; Shih, Chunghao Phillip ^[1]; Koyanagi, Takaaki ^[1]; Katoh, Yutai ^[1]; Zinkle, Steven J. ^[2]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Dec 17 00:00:00 EST 2015

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). High Temperature Materials Lab. (HTML); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1234339

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1460447

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Scripta Materialia

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 114; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 1359-6462

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS

Citation Formats


                    Ang, Caen K., Silva, Chinthaka M., Shih, Chunghao Phillip, Koyanagi, Takaaki, Katoh, Yutai, and Zinkle, Steven J. Anisotropic swelling and microcracking of neutron irradiated Ti3AlC2-Ti5Al2C3 materials.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
        Web.  doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.11.008.

Copy to clipboard


                    Ang, Caen K., Silva, Chinthaka M., Shih, Chunghao Phillip, Koyanagi, Takaaki, Katoh, Yutai, & Zinkle, Steven J. Anisotropic swelling and microcracking of neutron irradiated Ti3AlC2-Ti5Al2C3 materials.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.11.008

Copy to clipboard


                    Ang, Caen K., Silva, Chinthaka M., Shih, Chunghao Phillip, Koyanagi, Takaaki, Katoh, Yutai, and Zinkle, Steven J. 2015.  
        "Anisotropic swelling and microcracking of neutron irradiated Ti3AlC2-Ti5Al2C3 materials".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.11.008.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1234339.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1234339,

  title        = {Anisotropic swelling and microcracking of neutron irradiated Ti3AlC2-Ti5Al2C3 materials},

  author       = {Ang, Caen K. and Silva, Chinthaka M. and Shih, Chunghao Phillip and Koyanagi, Takaaki and Katoh, Yutai and Zinkle, Steven J.},

  abstractNote = {Mn + 1AXn (MAX) phase materials based on Ti–Al–C have been irradiated at 400 °C (673 K) with fission neutrons to a fluence of 2 × 1025 n/m2 (E > 0.1 MeV), corresponding to ~ 2 displacements per atom (dpa). We report preliminary results of microcracking in the Al-containing MAX phase, which contained the phases Ti3AlC2 and Ti5Al2C3. Equibiaxial ring-on-ring tests of irradiated coupons showed that samples retained 10% of pre-irradiated strength. Volumetric swelling of up to 4% was observed. Phase analysis and microscopy suggest that anisotropic lattice parameter swelling caused microcracking. Lastly, variants of titanium aluminum carbide may be unsuitable materials for irradiation at light water reactor-relevant temperatures.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.11.008},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1234339},
  journal      = {Scripta Materialia},

  issn         = {1359-6462},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 114,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Dec 17 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Thu Dec 17 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.11.008

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 36 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

The M_N+1AX_N phases: A new class of solids: Thermodynamically stable nanolaminates
journal, January 2000

Barsoum, Michel W.
Progress in Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 28, Issue 1-4, p. 201-281
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6786(00)00006-6

Fully reversible, dislocation-based compressive deformation of Ti3SiC2 to 1 GPa
journal, January 2003

Barsoum, M. W.; Zhen, T.; Kalidindi, S. R.
Nature Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat814

Designing Radiation Resistance in Materials for Fusion Energy
journal, July 2014

Zinkle, S. J.; Snead, L. L.
Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 44, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070813-113627

The structural transitions of Ti3AlC2 induced by ion irradiation
journal, February 2014

Yang, Tengfei; Wang, Chenxu; Taylor, Caitlin A.
Acta Materialia, Vol. 65
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.11.002

Irradiation resistance properties studies on helium ions irradiated MAX phase Ti3AlC2
journal, May 2014

Song, Peng; Sun, Jianrong; Wang, Zhiguang
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 326
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2013.10.046

Effects of He irradiation on Ti3AlC2: Damage evolution and behavior of He bubbles
journal, September 2013

Wang, Chenxu; Yang, Tengfei; Kong, Shuyan
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 440, Issue 1-3
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.04.070

Surface damage of Ti3SiC2 by MeV iodine bombardment
journal, July 2013

Liu, Chaozhuo; Shi, Liqun; Qi, Qiang
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 307
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2013.03.021

Effect of neutron irradiation on select MAX phases
journal, February 2015

Tallman, Darin J.; Hoffman, Elizabeth N.; Caspi, El’ad N.
Acta Materialia, Vol. 85
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2014.10.068

Irradiation resistance of MAX phases Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2: Characterization and comparison
journal, October 2015

Huang, Qing; Liu, Renduo; Lei, Guanhong
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 465
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.06.056

Making vanadium-based radiation-resistant alloys for fast-neutron reactor pin sheaths
journal, May 2009

Votinov, S. N.; Kolotushkin, V. P.; Nikulin, S. A.
Metal Science and Heat Treatment, Vol. 51, Issue 5-6
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-009-9149-1

Temperature monitors for uninstrumented irradiation experiments
journal, June 1971

Bramman, J. I.; Fraser, A. S.; Martin, W. H.
Journal of Nuclear Energy, Vol. 25, Issue 6
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3107(71)90024-4

Concentric ring on ring test for unirradiated and irradiated miniature SiC specimens
journal, October 2011

Kondo, Sosuke; Katoh, Yutai; Snead, Lance L.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 417, Issue 1-3
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.12.083

The anisotropic expansion of neutron irradiated beryllium oxide, zinc oxide and aluminium nitride
journal, December 1969

Sabine, T. M.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 33, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(69)90033-6

Neutron-induced damage in BeO, Al2O3 and MgO — a review
journal, May 1968

Wilks, R. S.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(68)90068-8

Thermal and mechanical properties of neutron-irradiated aluminum nitride
journal, March 1991

Yano, Toyohiko; Iseki, Takayoshi
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 179-181
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(91)90106-H

Effect of helium irradiation on Ti3AlC2 at 500°C
journal, April 2014

Patel, Maulik K.; Tallman, Darin J.; Valdez, James A.
Scripta Materialia, Vol. 77
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2013.12.010

Handbook of SiC properties for fuel performance modeling
journal, September 2007

Snead, Lance L.; Nozawa, Takashi; Katoh, Yutai
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 371, Issue 1-3
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.05.016

Accommodation, Accumulation, and Migration of Defects in Ti ₃ SiC ₂ and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ MAX Phases
journal, August 2013

Middleburgh, Simon C.; Lumpkin, Greg R.; Riley, Daniel
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 96, Issue 10
https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.12537

Neutron irradiation damage in MgO, Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 ceramics
journal, July 1982

Clinard, F. W.; Hurley, G. F.; Hobbs, L. W.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 108-109
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(82)90538-4

Radiation effects in BeO
journal, January 1964

Collins, C. G.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 14
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(64)90164-3

Removal of anisotropic growth strains in neutron-irradiated beryllium oxide
journal, July 1966

Hickman, B. S.; Rotsey, W. B.; Veevers, K.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 20, Issue 1
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(66)90030-4

The effect of neutron irradiation on aluminium oxide
journal, February 1966

Hickman, B. S.; Walker, D. G.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 18, Issue 2
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(66)90082-1

Fast-Neutron Damage to Polycrystalline Alumina at Temperatures from 60 to 1230°C
journal, March 1973

Keilholtz, G. W.; Moore, R. E.; Robertson, H. E.
Nuclear Technology, Vol. 17, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.13182/NT73-A31267

Swelling and microstructure of A1N irradiated in a fast reactor
journal, September 1993

Yano, Toyohiko; Iseki, Takayoshi
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 203, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(93)90381-8

Radiation effects in SiC for nuclear structural applications
journal, June 2012

Katoh, Yutai; Snead, Lance L.; Szlufarska, Izabela
Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, Vol. 16, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2012.03.005

Current status and recent research achievements in SiC/SiC composites
journal, December 2014

Katoh, Y.; Snead, L. L.; Henager, C. H.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 455, Issue 1-3
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.06.003

Works referencing / citing this record:

An Overview of Parameters Controlling the Decomposition and Degradation of Ti-Based Mn+1AXn Phases
journal, February 2019

Low, It-Meng
Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 3
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12030473

Stability and migration of transmutation atoms (H/He) in Ti ₃ AlC ₂ : first principles calculations
journal, January 2016

Yang, Shutong; Hu, Nengwen; Gou, Xueqiang
RSC Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 64
https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra07082e

Similar records in OSTI.GOV collections:

Effect of neutron irradiation on defect evolution in Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti₂AlC

Journal Article Tallman, Darin; He, Lingfeng; Garcia-Diaz, Brenda; ... - Journal of Nuclear Materials

Here, we report on the characterization of defects formed in polycrystalline Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti₂AlC samples exposed to neutron irradiation – up to 0.1 displacements per atom (dpa) at 350 ± 40 °C or 695 ± 25 °C, and up to 0.4 dpa at 350 ± 40 °C. Black spots are observed in both Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti₂AlC after irradiation to both 0.1 and 0.4 dpa at 350 °C. After irradiation to 0.1 dpa at 695 °C, small basal dislocation loops, with a Burgers vector of b = 1/2 [0001] are observed in both materials. At 9 ± 3 and 10 ±more »« less
Cited by 66
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.10.030

Full Text Available
Effects of neutron irradiation of Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti₃AlC₂ in the 121–1085 °C temperature range

Journal Article Tallman, Darin; He, Lingfeng; Gan, Jian; ... - Journal of Nuclear Materials

Herein we report on the formation of defects in response to neutron irradiation of polycrystalline Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti₃AlC₂ samples exposed to doses of 0.14±0.01, 1.6±0.1, and 3.4±0.1 displacements per atom (dpa) at irradiation temperatures of 121±12, 735±6 and 1085±68 °C. After irradiation to 0.14 dpa at 121 °C and 735 °C, black spots are observed in both Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti₃AlC₂. After irradiation to 1.6 and 3.4 dpa at 735 °C, basal dislocation loops, with a Burgers vector of b = ½ [0001] are observed in Ti₃SiC₂, with loop diameters of 21±6 and 30±8 nm for 1.6 dpa and 3.4 dpa,more »« less
Cited by 60
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.11.016

Full Text Available
Ab initio study of irradiation tolerance for different M{sub n+1}AX{sub n} phases: Ti{sub 3}SiC{sub 2} and Ti{sub 3}AlC{sub 2}

Journal Article Zhao, Shijun; Xue, Jianming; Wang, Yugang; ... - Journal of Applied Physics

Layered ternary M{sub n+1}AX{sub n} (MAX) materials are recently proposed to be promising candidates for future fission and fusion programmes because of their unique properties inherited from both ceramics and metals. However, different M{sub n+1}AX{sub n} materials demonstrate different behaviors when exposed to energetic neutron or ion irradiations. Based on first-principles calculations, we have investigated the irradiation tolerance of two typical M{sub n+1}AX{sub n} materials: Ti{sub 3}SiC{sub 2} and Ti{sub 3}AlC{sub 2} from two aspects. First, we make a detailed analysis on the interatomic bonding characters, which are believed to be responsible for the resistance to radiation-induced amorphization. Second, themore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4861384
Deposition of Ti{sub 2}AlC and Ti{sub 3}AlC{sub 2} epitaxial films by magnetron sputtering

Journal Article Wilhelmsson, O; Palmquist, J; Nyberg, T; ... - Applied Physics Letters

Thin films of the M{sub n+1}AX{sub n}-phases Ti{sub 2}AlC and Ti{sub 3}AlC{sub 2} have been deposited by dc magnetron sputtering. In agreement with the Ti-Si-C system, the MAX-phase nucleation is strongly temperature dependent. At 900 deg. C epitaxial films of Ti{sub 2}AlC and Ti{sub 3}AlC{sub 2} were grown, but at 700 deg. C only a cubic (Ti,Al)C phase was formed. In addition, a perovskite carbide, Ti{sub 3}AlC was grown at 800 deg. C. A bulk resistivity of 0.51 {mu}{omega} m, 0.44 {mu}{omega} m, and 1.4 {mu}{omega} m was measured for the Ti{sub 3}AlC{sub 2}, Ti{sub 2}AlC, and Ti{sub 3}AlC filmsmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1780597
New insight into the helium-induced damage in MAX phase Ti{sub 3}AlC{sub 2} by first-principles studies

Journal Article Xu, Yiguo; Bai, Xiaojing; Zha, Xianhu; ... - Journal of Chemical Physics

In the present work, the behavior of He in the MAX phase Ti{sub 3}AlC{sub 2} material is investigated using first-principle methods. It is found that, according to the predicted formation energies, a single He atom favors residing near the Al plane in Ti{sub 3}AlC{sub 2}. The results also show that Al vacancies are better able to trap He atoms than either Ti or C vacancies. The formation energies for the secondary vacancy defects near an Al vacancy or a C vacancy are strongly influenced by He impurity content. According to the present results, the existence of trapped He atoms inmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4931398

Similar Records

Title: Anisotropic swelling and microcracking of neutron irradiated Ti3AlC2-Ti5Al2C3 materials

Abstract

Citation Formats

The MN+1AXN phases: A new class of solids: Thermodynamically stable nanolaminates journal, January 2000

Fully reversible, dislocation-based compressive deformation of Ti3SiC2 to 1 GPa journal, January 2003

Designing Radiation Resistance in Materials for Fusion Energy journal, July 2014

The structural transitions of Ti3AlC2 induced by ion irradiation journal, February 2014

Irradiation resistance properties studies on helium ions irradiated MAX phase Ti3AlC2 journal, May 2014

Effects of He irradiation on Ti3AlC2: Damage evolution and behavior of He bubbles journal, September 2013

Surface damage of Ti3SiC2 by MeV iodine bombardment journal, July 2013

Effect of neutron irradiation on select MAX phases journal, February 2015

Irradiation resistance of MAX phases Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2: Characterization and comparison journal, October 2015

Making vanadium-based radiation-resistant alloys for fast-neutron reactor pin sheaths journal, May 2009

Temperature monitors for uninstrumented irradiation experiments journal, June 1971

Concentric ring on ring test for unirradiated and irradiated miniature SiC specimens journal, October 2011

The anisotropic expansion of neutron irradiated beryllium oxide, zinc oxide and aluminium nitride journal, December 1969

Neutron-induced damage in BeO, Al2O3 and MgO — a review journal, May 1968

Thermal and mechanical properties of neutron-irradiated aluminum nitride journal, March 1991

Effect of helium irradiation on Ti3AlC2 at 500°C journal, April 2014

Handbook of SiC properties for fuel performance modeling journal, September 2007

Accommodation, Accumulation, and Migration of Defects in Ti 3 SiC 2 and Ti 3 AlC 2 MAX Phases journal, August 2013

Neutron irradiation damage in MgO, Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 ceramics journal, July 1982

Radiation effects in BeO journal, January 1964

Removal of anisotropic growth strains in neutron-irradiated beryllium oxide journal, July 1966

The effect of neutron irradiation on aluminium oxide journal, February 1966

Fast-Neutron Damage to Polycrystalline Alumina at Temperatures from 60 to 1230°C journal, March 1973

Swelling and microstructure of A1N irradiated in a fast reactor journal, September 1993

Radiation effects in SiC for nuclear structural applications journal, June 2012

Current status and recent research achievements in SiC/SiC composites journal, December 2014

An Overview of Parameters Controlling the Decomposition and Degradation of Ti-Based Mn+1AXn Phases journal, February 2019

Stability and migration of transmutation atoms (H/He) in Ti 3 AlC 2 : first principles calculations journal, January 2016

Title: Anisotropic swelling and microcracking of neutron irradiated Ti₃AlC₂-Ti₅Al₂C₃ materials

The M_N+1AX_N phases: A new class of solids: Thermodynamically stable nanolaminates
journal, January 2000

Fully reversible, dislocation-based compressive deformation of Ti3SiC2 to 1 GPa
journal, January 2003

Designing Radiation Resistance in Materials for Fusion Energy
journal, July 2014

The structural transitions of Ti3AlC2 induced by ion irradiation
journal, February 2014

Irradiation resistance properties studies on helium ions irradiated MAX phase Ti3AlC2
journal, May 2014

Effects of He irradiation on Ti3AlC2: Damage evolution and behavior of He bubbles
journal, September 2013

Surface damage of Ti3SiC2 by MeV iodine bombardment
journal, July 2013

Effect of neutron irradiation on select MAX phases
journal, February 2015

Irradiation resistance of MAX phases Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2: Characterization and comparison
journal, October 2015

Making vanadium-based radiation-resistant alloys for fast-neutron reactor pin sheaths
journal, May 2009

Temperature monitors for uninstrumented irradiation experiments
journal, June 1971

Concentric ring on ring test for unirradiated and irradiated miniature SiC specimens
journal, October 2011

The anisotropic expansion of neutron irradiated beryllium oxide, zinc oxide and aluminium nitride
journal, December 1969

Neutron-induced damage in BeO, Al2O3 and MgO — a review
journal, May 1968

Thermal and mechanical properties of neutron-irradiated aluminum nitride
journal, March 1991

Effect of helium irradiation on Ti3AlC2 at 500°C
journal, April 2014

Handbook of SiC properties for fuel performance modeling
journal, September 2007

Accommodation, Accumulation, and Migration of Defects in Ti ₃ SiC ₂ and Ti ₃ AlC ₂ MAX Phases
journal, August 2013

Neutron irradiation damage in MgO, Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 ceramics
journal, July 1982

Radiation effects in BeO
journal, January 1964

Removal of anisotropic growth strains in neutron-irradiated beryllium oxide
journal, July 1966

The effect of neutron irradiation on aluminium oxide
journal, February 1966

Fast-Neutron Damage to Polycrystalline Alumina at Temperatures from 60 to 1230°C
journal, March 1973

Swelling and microstructure of A1N irradiated in a fast reactor
journal, September 1993

Radiation effects in SiC for nuclear structural applications
journal, June 2012

Current status and recent research achievements in SiC/SiC composites
journal, December 2014

An Overview of Parameters Controlling the Decomposition and Degradation of Ti-Based Mn+1AXn Phases
journal, February 2019

Stability and migration of transmutation atoms (H/He) in Ti ₃ AlC ₂ : first principles calculations
journal, January 2016