Interfacial reaction dependent performance of hollow carbon nanosphere - sulfur composite as a cathode for Li-S battery

Zheng, Jianming; Yan, Pengfei; Gu, Meng; Wagner, Michael J.; Hays, Kevin A.; Chen, Junzheng; Li, Xiaohong S.; Wang, Chong M.; Zhang, Ji -Guang; Liu, Jun; Xiao, Jie

doi:10.3389/fenrg.2015.00025

Title: Interfacial reaction dependent performance of hollow carbon nanosphere - sulfur composite as a cathode for Li-S battery

Journal Article · Tue May 26 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Frontiers in Energy Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2015.00025· OSTI ID:1221498

Zheng, Jianming ^[1]; Yan, Pengfei ^[1]; Gu, Meng ^[1]; Wagner, Michael J. ^[2]; Hays, Kevin A. ^[2]; Chen, Junzheng ^[1]; Li, Xiaohong S. ^[1]; Wang, Chong M. ^[1]; Zhang, Ji -Guang ^[1]; Liu, Jun ^[1]; Xiao, Jie ^[1]

Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
George Washington Univ., Washington, DC (United States)

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is a promising energy storage system due to its high energy density, cost effectiveness and environmental friendliness of sulfur. However, there are still a number of challenges, such as low Coulombic efficiency and poor long-term cycling stability, impeding the commercialization of Li-S battery. The electrochemical performance of Li-S battery is closely related with the interfacial reactions occurring between hosting substrate and active sulfur species which are poorly conducting at fully oxidized and reduced states. Here, we correlate the relationship between the performance and interfacial reactions in the Li-S battery system, using a hollow carbon nanosphere (HCNS) with highly graphitic character as hosting substrate for sulfur. With an appropriate amount of sulfur loading, HCNS/S composite exhibits excellent electrochemical performance because of the fast interfacial reactions between HCNS and the polysulfides. However, further increase of sulfur loading leads to increased formation of highly resistive insoluble reaction products (Li₂S₂/Li₂S) which limits the reversibility of the interfacial reactions and results in poor electrochemical performance. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate the importance of the interfacial reaction reversibility in the whole electrode system on achieving high capacity and long cycle life of sulfur cathode for Li-S batteries.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1221498

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-107585; 48146; VT1201000

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Energy Research, Vol. 3; ISSN 2296-598X

Publisher:: Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Interfacial reaction dependent performance of hollow carbon nanosphere - sulfur composite as a cathode for Li-S battery

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