Expression of a bacterial 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase reduces lignin content and improves biomass saccharification efficiency

Eudes, Aymerick; Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon; Baidoo, Edward E. K.; George, Anthe; Liang, Yan; Yang, Fan; Singh, Seema; Keasling, Jay D.; Simmons, Blake A.; Loqué, Dominique

doi:10.1111/pbi.12310

Title: Expression of a bacterial 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase reduces lignin content and improves biomass saccharification efficiency

Journal Article · Tue Jan 13 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Plant Biotechnology Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12310· OSTI ID:1234074

Eudes, Aymerick ^[1]; Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon ^[2]; Baidoo, Edward E. K. ^[1]; George, Anthe ^[2]; Liang, Yan ^[1]; Yang, Fan ^[1]; Singh, Seema ^[2]; Keasling, Jay D. ^[3]; Simmons, Blake A. ^[2]; Loqué, Dominique ^[1]

Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville CA USA, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA USA
Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville CA USA, Sandia National Laboratory, Livermore CA USA
Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville CA USA, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA USA, Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley CA USA

Lignin confers recalcitrance to plant biomass used as feedstocks in agro-processing industries or as source of renewable sugars for the production of bioproducts. The metabolic steps for the synthesis of lignin building blocks belong to the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways. Genetic engineering efforts to reduce lignin content typically employ gene knockout or gene silencing techniques to constitutively repress one of these metabolic pathways. Recently, new strategies have emerged offering better spatiotemporal control of lignin deposition, including the expression of enzymes that interfere with the normal process for cell wall lignification. In this study, we report that expression of a 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase (QsuB from Corynebacterium glutamicum) reduces lignin deposition in Arabidopsis cell walls. QsuB was targeted to the plastids to convert 3-dehydroshikimate - an intermediate of the shikimate pathway - into protocatechuate. Compared to wild-type plants, lines expressing QsuB contain higher amounts of protocatechuate, p-coumarate, p-coumaraldehyde and p-coumaryl alcohol, and lower amounts of coniferaldehyde, coniferyl alcohol, sinapaldehyde and sinapyl alcohol. 2D-NMR spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (pyro-GC/MS) reveal an increase of p-hydroxyphenyl units and a reduction of guaiacyl units in the lignin of QsuB lines. Size-exclusion chromatography indicates a lower degree of lignin polymerization in the transgenic lines. Therefore, our data show that the expression of QsuB primarily affects the lignin biosynthetic pathway. Finally, biomass from these lines exhibits more than a twofold improvement in saccharification efficiency. We conclude that the expression of QsuB in plants, in combination with specific promoters, is a promising gain-of-function strategy for spatiotemporal reduction of lignin in plant biomass.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1234074

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1213529; OSTI ID: 1234075; OSTI ID: 1619071

Journal Information:: Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Name: Plant Biotechnology Journal Vol. 13 Journal Issue: 9; ISSN 1467-7644

Publisher:: Society for Experimental Biology; Association of Applied BiologyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Cited by: 63 works

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saccharification
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Title: Expression of a bacterial 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase reduces lignin content and improves biomass saccharification efficiency

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